A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 916 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.3p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £739, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1832 kWh | 733 kWh | 1099 kWh | £186 | £110 | £296 | £4,069 | 13.8 yrs | £1,843 |
| 3 kW | 2749 kWh | 1099 kWh | 1649 kWh | £278 | £165 | £443 | £6,104 | 13.8 yrs | £2,765 |
| 4 kW | 3665 kWh | 1466 kWh | 2199 kWh | £371 | £220 | £591 | £8,138 | 13.8 yrs | £3,686 |
| 5 kW | 4581 kWh | 1832 kWh | 2749 kWh | £464 | £275 | £739 | £10,173 | 13.8 yrs | £4,608 |
| 6 kW | 5497 kWh | 2199 kWh | 3298 kWh | £557 | £330 | £887 | £12,207 | 13.8 yrs | £5,530 |
| 7 kW | 6414 kWh | 2565 kWh | 3848 kWh | £650 | £385 | £1,035 | £14,242 | 13.8 yrs | £6,451 |
| 8 kW | 7330 kWh | 2932 kWh | 4398 kWh | £743 | £440 | £1,182 | £16,276 | 13.8 yrs | £7,373 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £879, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1832 kWh | 1099 kWh | 733 kWh | £278 | £73 | £352 | £6,169 | 17.5 yrs | £867 |
| 3 kW | 2749 kWh | 1649 kWh | 1099 kWh | £418 | £110 | £528 | £8,204 | 15.5 yrs | £2,350 |
| 4 kW | 3665 kWh | 2199 kWh | 1466 kWh | £557 | £147 | £704 | £10,238 | 14.6 yrs | £3,834 |
| 5 kW | 4581 kWh | 2749 kWh | 1832 kWh | £696 | £183 | £879 | £12,273 | 14.0 yrs | £5,317 |
| 6 kW | 5497 kWh | 3298 kWh | 2199 kWh | £835 | £220 | £1,055 | £14,307 | 13.6 yrs | £6,801 |
| 7 kW | 6414 kWh | 3848 kWh | 2565 kWh | £975 | £257 | £1,231 | £16,342 | 13.3 yrs | £8,284 |
| 8 kW | 7330 kWh | 4398 kWh | 2932 kWh | £1,114 | £293 | £1,407 | £18,376 | 13.1 yrs | £9,768 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £950, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1832 kWh | 1283 kWh | 550 kWh | £325 | £55 | £380 | £7,569 | 19.9 yrs | £29 |
| 3 kW | 2749 kWh | 1924 kWh | 825 kWh | £487 | £82 | £570 | £9,604 | 16.9 yrs | £1,793 |
| 4 kW | 3665 kWh | 2565 kWh | 1099 kWh | £650 | £110 | £760 | £11,638 | 15.3 yrs | £3,557 |
| 5 kW | 4581 kWh | 3207 kWh | 1374 kWh | £812 | £137 | £950 | £13,673 | 14.4 yrs | £5,322 |
| 6 kW | 5497 kWh | 3848 kWh | 1649 kWh | £975 | £165 | £1,140 | £15,707 | 13.8 yrs | £7,086 |
| 7 kW | 6414 kWh | 4490 kWh | 1924 kWh | £1,137 | £192 | £1,330 | £17,742 | 13.3 yrs | £8,851 |
| 8 kW | 7330 kWh | 5131 kWh | 2199 kWh | £1,300 | £220 | £1,520 | £19,776 | 13.0 yrs | £10,615 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £971, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1832 kWh | 1338 kWh | 495 kWh | £339 | £49 | £388 | £9,319 | 24.0 yrs | £-1,553 |
| 3 kW | 2749 kWh | 2007 kWh | 742 kWh | £508 | £74 | £582 | £11,354 | 19.5 yrs | £296 |
| 4 kW | 3665 kWh | 2675 kWh | 990 kWh | £678 | £99 | £777 | £13,388 | 17.2 yrs | £2,145 |
| 5 kW | 4581 kWh | 3344 kWh | 1237 kWh | £847 | £124 | £971 | £15,423 | 15.9 yrs | £3,993 |
| 6 kW | 5497 kWh | 4013 kWh | 1484 kWh | £1,017 | £148 | £1,165 | £17,457 | 15.0 yrs | £5,842 |
| 7 kW | 6414 kWh | 4682 kWh | 1732 kWh | £1,186 | £173 | £1,359 | £19,492 | 14.3 yrs | £7,690 |
| 8 kW | 7330 kWh | 5351 kWh | 1979 kWh | £1,355 | £198 | £1,553 | £21,526 | 13.9 yrs | £9,539 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £985, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1832 kWh | 1374 kWh | 458 kWh | £348 | £46 | £394 | £11,069 | 28.1 yrs | £-3,190 |
| 3 kW | 2749 kWh | 2062 kWh | 687 kWh | £522 | £69 | £591 | £13,104 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,286 |
| 4 kW | 3665 kWh | 2749 kWh | 916 kWh | £696 | £92 | £788 | £15,138 | 19.2 yrs | £619 |
| 5 kW | 4581 kWh | 3436 kWh | 1145 kWh | £870 | £115 | £985 | £17,173 | 17.4 yrs | £2,524 |
| 6 kW | 5497 kWh | 4123 kWh | 1374 kWh | £1,044 | £137 | £1,182 | £19,207 | 16.3 yrs | £4,429 |
| 7 kW | 6414 kWh | 4810 kWh | 1603 kWh | £1,218 | £160 | £1,379 | £21,242 | 15.4 yrs | £6,334 |
| 8 kW | 7330 kWh | 5497 kWh | 1832 kWh | £1,392 | £183 | £1,576 | £23,276 | 14.8 yrs | £8,239 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £999, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1832 kWh | 1411 kWh | 421 kWh | £357 | £42 | £400 | £13,519 | 33.8 yrs | £-5,528 |
| 3 kW | 2749 kWh | 2116 kWh | 632 kWh | £536 | £63 | £599 | £15,554 | 26.0 yrs | £-3,567 |
| 4 kW | 3665 kWh | 2822 kWh | 843 kWh | £715 | £84 | £799 | £17,588 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,606 |
| 5 kW | 4581 kWh | 3527 kWh | 1054 kWh | £894 | £105 | £999 | £19,623 | 19.6 yrs | £355 |
| 6 kW | 5497 kWh | 4233 kWh | 1264 kWh | £1,072 | £126 | £1,199 | £21,657 | 18.1 yrs | £2,316 |
| 7 kW | 6414 kWh | 4938 kWh | 1475 kWh | £1,251 | £148 | £1,398 | £23,692 | 16.9 yrs | £4,277 |
| 8 kW | 7330 kWh | 5644 kWh | 1686 kWh | £1,430 | £169 | £1,598 | £25,726 | 16.1 yrs | £6,238 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.