A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 844 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.3p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £681, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1688 kWh | 675 kWh | 1013 kWh | £171 | £101 | £272 | £4,069 | 14.9 yrs | £1,377 |
| 3 kW | 2532 kWh | 1013 kWh | 1519 kWh | £257 | £152 | £408 | £6,104 | 14.9 yrs | £2,066 |
| 4 kW | 3376 kWh | 1350 kWh | 2026 kWh | £342 | £203 | £545 | £8,138 | 14.9 yrs | £2,755 |
| 5 kW | 4220 kWh | 1688 kWh | 2532 kWh | £428 | £253 | £681 | £10,173 | 14.9 yrs | £3,443 |
| 6 kW | 5064 kWh | 2026 kWh | 3039 kWh | £513 | £304 | £817 | £12,207 | 14.9 yrs | £4,132 |
| 7 kW | 5908 kWh | 2363 kWh | 3545 kWh | £599 | £354 | £953 | £14,242 | 14.9 yrs | £4,821 |
| 8 kW | 6752 kWh | 2701 kWh | 4051 kWh | £684 | £405 | £1,089 | £16,276 | 14.9 yrs | £5,509 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £810, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1688 kWh | 1013 kWh | 675 kWh | £257 | £68 | £324 | £6,169 | 19.0 yrs | £312 |
| 3 kW | 2532 kWh | 1519 kWh | 1013 kWh | £385 | £101 | £486 | £8,204 | 16.9 yrs | £1,519 |
| 4 kW | 3376 kWh | 2026 kWh | 1350 kWh | £513 | £135 | £648 | £10,238 | 15.8 yrs | £2,725 |
| 5 kW | 4220 kWh | 2532 kWh | 1688 kWh | £641 | £169 | £810 | £12,273 | 15.1 yrs | £3,931 |
| 6 kW | 5064 kWh | 3039 kWh | 2026 kWh | £770 | £203 | £972 | £14,307 | 14.7 yrs | £5,137 |
| 7 kW | 5908 kWh | 3545 kWh | 2363 kWh | £898 | £236 | £1,134 | £16,342 | 14.4 yrs | £6,344 |
| 8 kW | 6752 kWh | 4051 kWh | 2701 kWh | £1,026 | £270 | £1,296 | £18,376 | 14.2 yrs | £7,550 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £875, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1688 kWh | 1182 kWh | 506 kWh | £299 | £51 | £350 | £7,569 | 21.6 yrs | £-570 |
| 3 kW | 2532 kWh | 1772 kWh | 760 kWh | £449 | £76 | £525 | £9,604 | 18.3 yrs | £895 |
| 4 kW | 3376 kWh | 2363 kWh | 1013 kWh | £599 | £101 | £700 | £11,638 | 16.6 yrs | £2,360 |
| 5 kW | 4220 kWh | 2954 kWh | 1266 kWh | £748 | £127 | £875 | £13,673 | 15.6 yrs | £3,825 |
| 6 kW | 5064 kWh | 3545 kWh | 1519 kWh | £898 | £152 | £1,050 | £15,707 | 15.0 yrs | £5,290 |
| 7 kW | 5908 kWh | 4136 kWh | 1772 kWh | £1,048 | £177 | £1,225 | £17,742 | 14.5 yrs | £6,755 |
| 8 kW | 6752 kWh | 4727 kWh | 2026 kWh | £1,197 | £203 | £1,400 | £19,776 | 14.1 yrs | £8,220 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £894, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1688 kWh | 1232 kWh | 456 kWh | £312 | £46 | £358 | £9,319 | 26.1 yrs | £-2,165 |
| 3 kW | 2532 kWh | 1848 kWh | 684 kWh | £468 | £68 | £537 | £11,354 | 21.2 yrs | £-622 |
| 4 kW | 3376 kWh | 2465 kWh | 912 kWh | £624 | £91 | £715 | £13,388 | 18.7 yrs | £921 |
| 5 kW | 4220 kWh | 3081 kWh | 1139 kWh | £780 | £114 | £894 | £15,423 | 17.2 yrs | £2,463 |
| 6 kW | 5064 kWh | 3697 kWh | 1367 kWh | £936 | £137 | £1,073 | £17,457 | 16.3 yrs | £4,006 |
| 7 kW | 5908 kWh | 4313 kWh | 1595 kWh | £1,092 | £160 | £1,252 | £19,492 | 15.6 yrs | £5,548 |
| 8 kW | 6752 kWh | 4929 kWh | 1823 kWh | £1,249 | £182 | £1,431 | £21,526 | 15.0 yrs | £7,091 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £907, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1688 kWh | 1266 kWh | 422 kWh | £321 | £42 | £363 | £11,069 | 30.5 yrs | £-3,811 |
| 3 kW | 2532 kWh | 1899 kWh | 633 kWh | £481 | £63 | £544 | £13,104 | 24.1 yrs | £-2,217 |
| 4 kW | 3376 kWh | 2532 kWh | 844 kWh | £641 | £84 | £726 | £15,138 | 20.9 yrs | £-622 |
| 5 kW | 4220 kWh | 3165 kWh | 1055 kWh | £802 | £106 | £907 | £17,173 | 18.9 yrs | £972 |
| 6 kW | 5064 kWh | 3798 kWh | 1266 kWh | £962 | £127 | £1,089 | £19,207 | 17.6 yrs | £2,566 |
| 7 kW | 5908 kWh | 4431 kWh | 1477 kWh | £1,122 | £148 | £1,270 | £21,242 | 16.7 yrs | £4,161 |
| 8 kW | 6752 kWh | 5064 kWh | 1688 kWh | £1,283 | £169 | £1,452 | £23,276 | 16.0 yrs | £5,755 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £920, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1688 kWh | 1300 kWh | 388 kWh | £329 | £39 | £368 | £13,519 | 36.7 yrs | £-6,158 |
| 3 kW | 2532 kWh | 1950 kWh | 582 kWh | £494 | £58 | £552 | £15,554 | 28.2 yrs | £-4,512 |
| 4 kW | 3376 kWh | 2600 kWh | 777 kWh | £658 | £78 | £736 | £17,588 | 23.9 yrs | £-2,865 |
| 5 kW | 4220 kWh | 3250 kWh | 971 kWh | £823 | £97 | £920 | £19,623 | 21.3 yrs | £-1,219 |
| 6 kW | 5064 kWh | 3899 kWh | 1165 kWh | £988 | £116 | £1,104 | £21,657 | 19.6 yrs | £427 |
| 7 kW | 5908 kWh | 4549 kWh | 1359 kWh | £1,152 | £136 | £1,288 | £23,692 | 18.4 yrs | £2,073 |
| 8 kW | 6752 kWh | 5199 kWh | 1553 kWh | £1,317 | £155 | £1,472 | £25,726 | 17.5 yrs | £3,719 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.