A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 912 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £780, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1825 kWh | 730 kWh | 1095 kWh | £202 | £109 | £312 | £4,069 | 13.0 yrs | £2,167 |
| 3 kW | 2737 kWh | 1095 kWh | 1642 kWh | £303 | £164 | £468 | £6,104 | 13.0 yrs | £3,251 |
| 4 kW | 3649 kWh | 1460 kWh | 2190 kWh | £405 | £219 | £624 | £8,138 | 13.0 yrs | £4,334 |
| 5 kW | 4562 kWh | 1825 kWh | 2737 kWh | £506 | £274 | £780 | £10,173 | 13.0 yrs | £5,418 |
| 6 kW | 5474 kWh | 2190 kWh | 3285 kWh | £607 | £328 | £935 | £12,207 | 13.0 yrs | £6,502 |
| 7 kW | 6387 kWh | 2555 kWh | 3832 kWh | £708 | £383 | £1,091 | £14,242 | 13.0 yrs | £7,585 |
| 8 kW | 7299 kWh | 2920 kWh | 4379 kWh | £809 | £438 | £1,247 | £16,276 | 13.0 yrs | £8,669 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £941, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1825 kWh | 1095 kWh | 730 kWh | £303 | £73 | £376 | £6,169 | 16.4 yrs | £1,361 |
| 3 kW | 2737 kWh | 1642 kWh | 1095 kWh | £455 | £109 | £565 | £8,204 | 14.5 yrs | £3,091 |
| 4 kW | 3649 kWh | 2190 kWh | 1460 kWh | £607 | £146 | £753 | £10,238 | 13.6 yrs | £4,821 |
| 5 kW | 4562 kWh | 2737 kWh | 1825 kWh | £759 | £182 | £941 | £12,273 | 13.0 yrs | £6,551 |
| 6 kW | 5474 kWh | 3285 kWh | 2190 kWh | £910 | £219 | £1,129 | £14,307 | 12.7 yrs | £8,282 |
| 7 kW | 6387 kWh | 3832 kWh | 2555 kWh | £1,062 | £255 | £1,318 | £16,342 | 12.4 yrs | £10,012 |
| 8 kW | 7299 kWh | 4379 kWh | 2920 kWh | £1,214 | £292 | £1,506 | £18,376 | 12.2 yrs | £11,742 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,022, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1825 kWh | 1277 kWh | 547 kWh | £354 | £55 | £409 | £7,569 | 18.5 yrs | £607 |
| 3 kW | 2737 kWh | 1916 kWh | 821 kWh | £531 | £82 | £613 | £9,604 | 15.7 yrs | £2,661 |
| 4 kW | 3649 kWh | 2555 kWh | 1095 kWh | £708 | £109 | £818 | £11,638 | 14.2 yrs | £4,715 |
| 5 kW | 4562 kWh | 3193 kWh | 1369 kWh | £885 | £137 | £1,022 | £13,673 | 13.4 yrs | £6,768 |
| 6 kW | 5474 kWh | 3832 kWh | 1642 kWh | £1,062 | £164 | £1,226 | £15,707 | 12.8 yrs | £8,822 |
| 7 kW | 6387 kWh | 4471 kWh | 1916 kWh | £1,239 | £192 | £1,431 | £17,742 | 12.4 yrs | £10,875 |
| 8 kW | 7299 kWh | 5109 kWh | 2190 kWh | £1,416 | £219 | £1,635 | £19,776 | 12.1 yrs | £12,929 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,046, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1825 kWh | 1332 kWh | 493 kWh | £369 | £49 | £419 | £9,319 | 22.3 yrs | £-949 |
| 3 kW | 2737 kWh | 1998 kWh | 739 kWh | £554 | £74 | £628 | £11,354 | 18.1 yrs | £1,202 |
| 4 kW | 3649 kWh | 2664 kWh | 985 kWh | £738 | £99 | £837 | £13,388 | 16.0 yrs | £3,353 |
| 5 kW | 4562 kWh | 3330 kWh | 1232 kWh | £923 | £123 | £1,046 | £15,423 | 14.7 yrs | £5,503 |
| 6 kW | 5474 kWh | 3996 kWh | 1478 kWh | £1,108 | £148 | £1,256 | £17,457 | 13.9 yrs | £7,654 |
| 7 kW | 6387 kWh | 4662 kWh | 1724 kWh | £1,292 | £172 | £1,465 | £19,492 | 13.3 yrs | £9,804 |
| 8 kW | 7299 kWh | 5328 kWh | 1971 kWh | £1,477 | £197 | £1,674 | £21,526 | 12.9 yrs | £11,955 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,062, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1825 kWh | 1369 kWh | 456 kWh | £379 | £46 | £425 | £11,069 | 26.0 yrs | £-2,569 |
| 3 kW | 2737 kWh | 2053 kWh | 684 kWh | £569 | £68 | £637 | £13,104 | 20.6 yrs | £-354 |
| 4 kW | 3649 kWh | 2737 kWh | 912 kWh | £759 | £91 | £850 | £15,138 | 17.8 yrs | £1,861 |
| 5 kW | 4562 kWh | 3421 kWh | 1140 kWh | £948 | £114 | £1,062 | £17,173 | 16.2 yrs | £4,077 |
| 6 kW | 5474 kWh | 4106 kWh | 1369 kWh | £1,138 | £137 | £1,275 | £19,207 | 15.1 yrs | £6,292 |
| 7 kW | 6387 kWh | 4790 kWh | 1597 kWh | £1,328 | £160 | £1,487 | £21,242 | 14.3 yrs | £8,507 |
| 8 kW | 7299 kWh | 5474 kWh | 1825 kWh | £1,517 | £182 | £1,700 | £23,276 | 13.7 yrs | £10,722 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,079, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1825 kWh | 1405 kWh | 420 kWh | £389 | £42 | £431 | £13,519 | 31.3 yrs | £-4,890 |
| 3 kW | 2737 kWh | 2108 kWh | 630 kWh | £584 | £63 | £647 | £15,554 | 24.0 yrs | £-2,610 |
| 4 kW | 3649 kWh | 2810 kWh | 839 kWh | £779 | £84 | £863 | £17,588 | 20.4 yrs | £-330 |
| 5 kW | 4562 kWh | 3513 kWh | 1049 kWh | £974 | £105 | £1,079 | £19,623 | 18.2 yrs | £1,950 |
| 6 kW | 5474 kWh | 4215 kWh | 1259 kWh | £1,168 | £126 | £1,294 | £21,657 | 16.7 yrs | £4,230 |
| 7 kW | 6387 kWh | 4918 kWh | 1469 kWh | £1,363 | £147 | £1,510 | £23,692 | 15.7 yrs | £6,510 |
| 8 kW | 7299 kWh | 5620 kWh | 1679 kWh | £1,558 | £168 | £1,726 | £25,726 | 14.9 yrs | £8,790 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.