A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 927 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.4p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £749, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1854 kWh | 741 kWh | 1112 kWh | £189 | £111 | £300 | £4,069 | 13.6 yrs | £1,927 |
| 3 kW | 2781 kWh | 1112 kWh | 1668 kWh | £283 | £167 | £450 | £6,104 | 13.6 yrs | £2,890 |
| 4 kW | 3707 kWh | 1483 kWh | 2224 kWh | £377 | £222 | £600 | £8,138 | 13.6 yrs | £3,853 |
| 5 kW | 4634 kWh | 1854 kWh | 2781 kWh | £471 | £278 | £749 | £10,173 | 13.6 yrs | £4,816 |
| 6 kW | 5561 kWh | 2224 kWh | 3337 kWh | £566 | £334 | £899 | £12,207 | 13.6 yrs | £5,780 |
| 7 kW | 6488 kWh | 2595 kWh | 3893 kWh | £660 | £389 | £1,049 | £14,242 | 13.6 yrs | £6,743 |
| 8 kW | 7415 kWh | 2966 kWh | 4449 kWh | £754 | £445 | £1,199 | £16,276 | 13.6 yrs | £7,706 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £892, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1854 kWh | 1112 kWh | 741 kWh | £283 | £74 | £357 | £6,169 | 17.3 yrs | £971 |
| 3 kW | 2781 kWh | 1668 kWh | 1112 kWh | £424 | £111 | £535 | £8,204 | 15.3 yrs | £2,506 |
| 4 kW | 3707 kWh | 2224 kWh | 1483 kWh | £566 | £148 | £714 | £10,238 | 14.3 yrs | £4,041 |
| 5 kW | 4634 kWh | 2781 kWh | 1854 kWh | £707 | £185 | £892 | £12,273 | 13.8 yrs | £5,577 |
| 6 kW | 5561 kWh | 3337 kWh | 2224 kWh | £849 | £222 | £1,071 | £14,307 | 13.4 yrs | £7,112 |
| 7 kW | 6488 kWh | 3893 kWh | 2595 kWh | £990 | £260 | £1,249 | £16,342 | 13.1 yrs | £8,647 |
| 8 kW | 7415 kWh | 4449 kWh | 2966 kWh | £1,131 | £297 | £1,428 | £18,376 | 12.9 yrs | £10,182 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £964, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1854 kWh | 1298 kWh | 556 kWh | £330 | £56 | £386 | £7,569 | 19.6 yrs | £143 |
| 3 kW | 2781 kWh | 1946 kWh | 834 kWh | £495 | £83 | £578 | £9,604 | 16.6 yrs | £1,964 |
| 4 kW | 3707 kWh | 2595 kWh | 1112 kWh | £660 | £111 | £771 | £11,638 | 15.1 yrs | £3,785 |
| 5 kW | 4634 kWh | 3244 kWh | 1390 kWh | £825 | £139 | £964 | £13,673 | 14.2 yrs | £5,607 |
| 6 kW | 5561 kWh | 3893 kWh | 1668 kWh | £990 | £167 | £1,157 | £15,707 | 13.6 yrs | £7,428 |
| 7 kW | 6488 kWh | 4542 kWh | 1946 kWh | £1,155 | £195 | £1,350 | £17,742 | 13.1 yrs | £9,249 |
| 8 kW | 7415 kWh | 5190 kWh | 2224 kWh | £1,320 | £222 | £1,542 | £19,776 | 12.8 yrs | £11,071 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £985, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1854 kWh | 1353 kWh | 500 kWh | £344 | £50 | £394 | £9,319 | 23.6 yrs | £-1,436 |
| 3 kW | 2781 kWh | 2030 kWh | 751 kWh | £516 | £75 | £591 | £11,354 | 19.2 yrs | £471 |
| 4 kW | 3707 kWh | 2706 kWh | 1001 kWh | £688 | £100 | £788 | £13,388 | 17.0 yrs | £2,379 |
| 5 kW | 4634 kWh | 3383 kWh | 1251 kWh | £860 | £125 | £985 | £15,423 | 15.7 yrs | £4,286 |
| 6 kW | 5561 kWh | 4060 kWh | 1501 kWh | £1,032 | £150 | £1,182 | £17,457 | 14.8 yrs | £6,193 |
| 7 kW | 6488 kWh | 4736 kWh | 1752 kWh | £1,204 | £175 | £1,380 | £19,492 | 14.1 yrs | £8,100 |
| 8 kW | 7415 kWh | 5413 kWh | 2002 kWh | £1,376 | £200 | £1,577 | £21,526 | 13.7 yrs | £10,007 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,000, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1854 kWh | 1390 kWh | 463 kWh | £354 | £46 | £400 | £11,069 | 27.7 yrs | £-3,071 |
| 3 kW | 2781 kWh | 2085 kWh | 695 kWh | £530 | £70 | £600 | £13,104 | 21.8 yrs | £-1,107 |
| 4 kW | 3707 kWh | 2781 kWh | 927 kWh | £707 | £93 | £800 | £15,138 | 18.9 yrs | £857 |
| 5 kW | 4634 kWh | 3476 kWh | 1159 kWh | £884 | £116 | £1,000 | £17,173 | 17.2 yrs | £2,822 |
| 6 kW | 5561 kWh | 4171 kWh | 1390 kWh | £1,061 | £139 | £1,200 | £19,207 | 16.0 yrs | £4,786 |
| 7 kW | 6488 kWh | 4866 kWh | 1622 kWh | £1,237 | £162 | £1,400 | £21,242 | 15.2 yrs | £6,750 |
| 8 kW | 7415 kWh | 5561 kWh | 1854 kWh | £1,414 | £185 | £1,600 | £23,276 | 14.6 yrs | £8,715 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,014, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1854 kWh | 1427 kWh | 426 kWh | £363 | £43 | £406 | £13,519 | 33.3 yrs | £-5,407 |
| 3 kW | 2781 kWh | 2141 kWh | 640 kWh | £544 | £64 | £608 | £15,554 | 25.6 yrs | £-3,385 |
| 4 kW | 3707 kWh | 2855 kWh | 853 kWh | £726 | £85 | £811 | £17,588 | 21.7 yrs | £-1,364 |
| 5 kW | 4634 kWh | 3568 kWh | 1066 kWh | £907 | £107 | £1,014 | £19,623 | 19.4 yrs | £658 |
| 6 kW | 5561 kWh | 4282 kWh | 1279 kWh | £1,089 | £128 | £1,217 | £21,657 | 17.8 yrs | £2,679 |
| 7 kW | 6488 kWh | 4996 kWh | 1492 kWh | £1,270 | £149 | £1,420 | £23,692 | 16.7 yrs | £4,701 |
| 8 kW | 7415 kWh | 5709 kWh | 1705 kWh | £1,452 | £171 | £1,622 | £25,726 | 15.9 yrs | £6,722 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.