A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1005 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £834, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2010 kWh | 804 kWh | 1206 kWh | £213 | £121 | £333 | £4,069 | 12.2 yrs | £2,600 |
| 3 kW | 3015 kWh | 1206 kWh | 1809 kWh | £319 | £181 | £500 | £6,104 | 12.2 yrs | £3,900 |
| 4 kW | 4020 kWh | 1608 kWh | 2412 kWh | £426 | £241 | £667 | £8,138 | 12.2 yrs | £5,200 |
| 5 kW | 5024 kWh | 2010 kWh | 3015 kWh | £532 | £301 | £834 | £10,173 | 12.2 yrs | £6,500 |
| 6 kW | 6029 kWh | 2412 kWh | 3618 kWh | £639 | £362 | £1,000 | £12,207 | 12.2 yrs | £7,801 |
| 7 kW | 7034 kWh | 2814 kWh | 4220 kWh | £745 | £422 | £1,167 | £14,242 | 12.2 yrs | £9,101 |
| 8 kW | 8039 kWh | 3216 kWh | 4823 kWh | £851 | £482 | £1,334 | £16,276 | 12.2 yrs | £10,401 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £999, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2010 kWh | 1206 kWh | 804 kWh | £319 | £80 | £400 | £6,169 | 15.4 yrs | £1,825 |
| 3 kW | 3015 kWh | 1809 kWh | 1206 kWh | £479 | £121 | £600 | £8,204 | 13.7 yrs | £3,788 |
| 4 kW | 4020 kWh | 2412 kWh | 1608 kWh | £639 | £161 | £799 | £10,238 | 12.8 yrs | £5,750 |
| 5 kW | 5024 kWh | 3015 kWh | 2010 kWh | £798 | £201 | £999 | £12,273 | 12.3 yrs | £7,713 |
| 6 kW | 6029 kWh | 3618 kWh | 2412 kWh | £958 | £241 | £1,199 | £14,307 | 11.9 yrs | £9,675 |
| 7 kW | 7034 kWh | 4220 kWh | 2814 kWh | £1,118 | £281 | £1,399 | £16,342 | 11.7 yrs | £11,638 |
| 8 kW | 8039 kWh | 4823 kWh | 3216 kWh | £1,277 | £322 | £1,599 | £18,376 | 11.5 yrs | £13,600 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,082, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2010 kWh | 1407 kWh | 603 kWh | £373 | £60 | £433 | £7,569 | 17.5 yrs | £1,087 |
| 3 kW | 3015 kWh | 2110 kWh | 904 kWh | £559 | £90 | £649 | £9,604 | 14.8 yrs | £3,381 |
| 4 kW | 4020 kWh | 2814 kWh | 1206 kWh | £745 | £121 | £866 | £11,638 | 13.4 yrs | £5,675 |
| 5 kW | 5024 kWh | 3517 kWh | 1507 kWh | £931 | £151 | £1,082 | £13,673 | 12.6 yrs | £7,969 |
| 6 kW | 6029 kWh | 4220 kWh | 1809 kWh | £1,118 | £181 | £1,298 | £15,707 | 12.1 yrs | £10,262 |
| 7 kW | 7034 kWh | 4924 kWh | 2110 kWh | £1,304 | £211 | £1,515 | £17,742 | 11.7 yrs | £12,556 |
| 8 kW | 8039 kWh | 5627 kWh | 2412 kWh | £1,490 | £241 | £1,731 | £19,776 | 11.4 yrs | £14,850 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,107, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2010 kWh | 1467 kWh | 543 kWh | £388 | £54 | £443 | £9,319 | 21.0 yrs | £-464 |
| 3 kW | 3015 kWh | 2201 kWh | 814 kWh | £583 | £81 | £664 | £11,354 | 17.1 yrs | £1,929 |
| 4 kW | 4020 kWh | 2934 kWh | 1085 kWh | £777 | £109 | £886 | £13,388 | 15.1 yrs | £4,322 |
| 5 kW | 5024 kWh | 3668 kWh | 1357 kWh | £971 | £136 | £1,107 | £15,423 | 13.9 yrs | £6,715 |
| 6 kW | 6029 kWh | 4401 kWh | 1628 kWh | £1,165 | £163 | £1,328 | £17,457 | 13.1 yrs | £9,108 |
| 7 kW | 7034 kWh | 5135 kWh | 1899 kWh | £1,360 | £190 | £1,550 | £19,492 | 12.6 yrs | £11,502 |
| 8 kW | 8039 kWh | 5868 kWh | 2171 kWh | £1,554 | £217 | £1,771 | £21,526 | 12.2 yrs | £13,895 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,123, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2010 kWh | 1507 kWh | 502 kWh | £399 | £50 | £449 | £11,069 | 24.6 yrs | £-2,081 |
| 3 kW | 3015 kWh | 2261 kWh | 754 kWh | £599 | £75 | £674 | £13,104 | 19.4 yrs | £378 |
| 4 kW | 4020 kWh | 3015 kWh | 1005 kWh | £798 | £100 | £899 | £15,138 | 16.8 yrs | £2,837 |
| 5 kW | 5024 kWh | 3768 kWh | 1256 kWh | £998 | £126 | £1,123 | £17,173 | 15.3 yrs | £5,297 |
| 6 kW | 6029 kWh | 4522 kWh | 1507 kWh | £1,197 | £151 | £1,348 | £19,207 | 14.2 yrs | £7,756 |
| 7 kW | 7034 kWh | 5276 kWh | 1759 kWh | £1,397 | £176 | £1,573 | £21,242 | 13.5 yrs | £10,215 |
| 8 kW | 8039 kWh | 6029 kWh | 2010 kWh | £1,597 | £201 | £1,798 | £23,276 | 12.9 yrs | £12,675 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,140, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2010 kWh | 1548 kWh | 462 kWh | £410 | £46 | £456 | £13,519 | 29.6 yrs | £-4,399 |
| 3 kW | 3015 kWh | 2321 kWh | 693 kWh | £615 | £69 | £684 | £15,554 | 22.7 yrs | £-1,873 |
| 4 kW | 4020 kWh | 3095 kWh | 924 kWh | £820 | £92 | £912 | £17,588 | 19.3 yrs | £652 |
| 5 kW | 5024 kWh | 3869 kWh | 1156 kWh | £1,024 | £116 | £1,140 | £19,623 | 17.2 yrs | £3,178 |
| 6 kW | 6029 kWh | 4643 kWh | 1387 kWh | £1,229 | £139 | £1,368 | £21,657 | 15.8 yrs | £5,703 |
| 7 kW | 7034 kWh | 5416 kWh | 1618 kWh | £1,434 | £162 | £1,596 | £23,692 | 14.8 yrs | £8,229 |
| 8 kW | 8039 kWh | 6190 kWh | 1849 kWh | £1,639 | £185 | £1,824 | £25,726 | 14.1 yrs | £10,754 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.