A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 909 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.3p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £733, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1818 kWh | 727 kWh | 1091 kWh | £184 | £109 | £293 | £4,069 | 13.9 yrs | £1,795 |
| 3 kW | 2726 kWh | 1091 kWh | 1636 kWh | £276 | £164 | £440 | £6,104 | 13.9 yrs | £2,693 |
| 4 kW | 3635 kWh | 1454 kWh | 2181 kWh | £368 | £218 | £586 | £8,138 | 13.9 yrs | £3,591 |
| 5 kW | 4544 kWh | 1818 kWh | 2726 kWh | £460 | £273 | £733 | £10,173 | 13.9 yrs | £4,489 |
| 6 kW | 5453 kWh | 2181 kWh | 3272 kWh | £552 | £327 | £880 | £12,207 | 13.9 yrs | £5,386 |
| 7 kW | 6362 kWh | 2545 kWh | 3817 kWh | £645 | £382 | £1,026 | £14,242 | 13.9 yrs | £6,284 |
| 8 kW | 7271 kWh | 2908 kWh | 4362 kWh | £737 | £436 | £1,173 | £16,276 | 13.9 yrs | £7,182 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £872, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1818 kWh | 1091 kWh | 727 kWh | £276 | £73 | £349 | £6,169 | 17.7 yrs | £810 |
| 3 kW | 2726 kWh | 1636 kWh | 1091 kWh | £414 | £109 | £523 | £8,204 | 15.7 yrs | £2,265 |
| 4 kW | 3635 kWh | 2181 kWh | 1454 kWh | £552 | £145 | £698 | £10,238 | 14.7 yrs | £3,720 |
| 5 kW | 4544 kWh | 2726 kWh | 1818 kWh | £691 | £182 | £872 | £12,273 | 14.1 yrs | £5,175 |
| 6 kW | 5453 kWh | 3272 kWh | 2181 kWh | £829 | £218 | £1,047 | £14,307 | 13.7 yrs | £6,630 |
| 7 kW | 6362 kWh | 3817 kWh | 2545 kWh | £967 | £254 | £1,221 | £16,342 | 13.4 yrs | £8,085 |
| 8 kW | 7271 kWh | 4362 kWh | 2908 kWh | £1,105 | £291 | £1,396 | £18,376 | 13.2 yrs | £9,540 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £942, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1818 kWh | 1272 kWh | 545 kWh | £322 | £55 | £377 | £7,569 | 20.1 yrs | £-33 |
| 3 kW | 2726 kWh | 1909 kWh | 818 kWh | £483 | £82 | £565 | £9,604 | 17.0 yrs | £1,701 |
| 4 kW | 3635 kWh | 2545 kWh | 1091 kWh | £645 | £109 | £754 | £11,638 | 15.4 yrs | £3,435 |
| 5 kW | 4544 kWh | 3181 kWh | 1363 kWh | £806 | £136 | £942 | £13,673 | 14.5 yrs | £5,168 |
| 6 kW | 5453 kWh | 3817 kWh | 1636 kWh | £967 | £164 | £1,130 | £15,707 | 13.9 yrs | £6,902 |
| 7 kW | 6362 kWh | 4453 kWh | 1909 kWh | £1,128 | £191 | £1,319 | £17,742 | 13.5 yrs | £8,636 |
| 8 kW | 7271 kWh | 5089 kWh | 2181 kWh | £1,289 | £218 | £1,507 | £19,776 | 13.1 yrs | £10,369 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £963, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1818 kWh | 1327 kWh | 491 kWh | £336 | £49 | £385 | £9,319 | 24.2 yrs | £-1,615 |
| 3 kW | 2726 kWh | 1990 kWh | 736 kWh | £504 | £74 | £578 | £11,354 | 19.7 yrs | £202 |
| 4 kW | 3635 kWh | 2654 kWh | 982 kWh | £672 | £98 | £770 | £13,388 | 17.4 yrs | £2,019 |
| 5 kW | 4544 kWh | 3317 kWh | 1227 kWh | £840 | £123 | £963 | £15,423 | 16.0 yrs | £3,836 |
| 6 kW | 5453 kWh | 3981 kWh | 1472 kWh | £1,008 | £147 | £1,156 | £17,457 | 15.1 yrs | £5,654 |
| 7 kW | 6362 kWh | 4644 kWh | 1718 kWh | £1,176 | £172 | £1,348 | £19,492 | 14.5 yrs | £7,471 |
| 8 kW | 7271 kWh | 5308 kWh | 1963 kWh | £1,344 | £196 | £1,541 | £21,526 | 14.0 yrs | £9,288 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £977, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1818 kWh | 1363 kWh | 454 kWh | £345 | £45 | £391 | £11,069 | 28.3 yrs | £-3,254 |
| 3 kW | 2726 kWh | 2045 kWh | 682 kWh | £518 | £68 | £586 | £13,104 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,381 |
| 4 kW | 3635 kWh | 2726 kWh | 909 kWh | £691 | £91 | £782 | £15,138 | 19.4 yrs | £492 |
| 5 kW | 4544 kWh | 3408 kWh | 1136 kWh | £863 | £114 | £977 | £17,173 | 17.6 yrs | £2,365 |
| 6 kW | 5453 kWh | 4090 kWh | 1363 kWh | £1,036 | £136 | £1,172 | £19,207 | 16.4 yrs | £4,238 |
| 7 kW | 6362 kWh | 4771 kWh | 1590 kWh | £1,209 | £159 | £1,368 | £21,242 | 15.5 yrs | £6,111 |
| 8 kW | 7271 kWh | 5453 kWh | 1818 kWh | £1,381 | £182 | £1,563 | £23,276 | 14.9 yrs | £7,984 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £991, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1818 kWh | 1400 kWh | 418 kWh | £355 | £42 | £396 | £13,519 | 34.1 yrs | £-5,593 |
| 3 kW | 2726 kWh | 2099 kWh | 627 kWh | £532 | £63 | £594 | £15,554 | 26.2 yrs | £-3,664 |
| 4 kW | 3635 kWh | 2799 kWh | 836 kWh | £709 | £84 | £793 | £17,588 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,735 |
| 5 kW | 4544 kWh | 3499 kWh | 1045 kWh | £886 | £105 | £991 | £19,623 | 19.8 yrs | £194 |
| 6 kW | 5453 kWh | 4199 kWh | 1254 kWh | £1,064 | £125 | £1,189 | £21,657 | 18.2 yrs | £2,122 |
| 7 kW | 6362 kWh | 4899 kWh | 1463 kWh | £1,241 | £146 | £1,387 | £23,692 | 17.1 yrs | £4,051 |
| 8 kW | 7271 kWh | 5598 kWh | 1672 kWh | £1,418 | £167 | £1,585 | £25,726 | 16.2 yrs | £5,980 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.