A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 901 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £758, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1803 kWh | 721 kWh | 1082 kWh | £195 | £108 | £303 | £4,069 | 13.4 yrs | £1,997 |
| 3 kW | 2704 kWh | 1082 kWh | 1623 kWh | £293 | £162 | £455 | £6,104 | 13.4 yrs | £2,995 |
| 4 kW | 3606 kWh | 1442 kWh | 2163 kWh | £390 | £216 | £607 | £8,138 | 13.4 yrs | £3,994 |
| 5 kW | 4507 kWh | 1803 kWh | 2704 kWh | £488 | £270 | £758 | £10,173 | 13.4 yrs | £4,992 |
| 6 kW | 5408 kWh | 2163 kWh | 3245 kWh | £585 | £325 | £910 | £12,207 | 13.4 yrs | £5,991 |
| 7 kW | 6310 kWh | 2524 kWh | 3786 kWh | £683 | £379 | £1,062 | £14,242 | 13.4 yrs | £6,989 |
| 8 kW | 7211 kWh | 2884 kWh | 4327 kWh | £781 | £433 | £1,213 | £16,276 | 13.4 yrs | £7,988 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £912, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1803 kWh | 1082 kWh | 721 kWh | £293 | £72 | £365 | £6,169 | 16.9 yrs | £1,127 |
| 3 kW | 2704 kWh | 1623 kWh | 1082 kWh | £439 | £108 | £547 | £8,204 | 15.0 yrs | £2,741 |
| 4 kW | 3606 kWh | 2163 kWh | 1442 kWh | £585 | £144 | £730 | £10,238 | 14.0 yrs | £4,354 |
| 5 kW | 4507 kWh | 2704 kWh | 1803 kWh | £732 | £180 | £912 | £12,273 | 13.5 yrs | £5,968 |
| 6 kW | 5408 kWh | 3245 kWh | 2163 kWh | £878 | £216 | £1,094 | £14,307 | 13.1 yrs | £7,582 |
| 7 kW | 6310 kWh | 3786 kWh | 2524 kWh | £1,024 | £252 | £1,277 | £16,342 | 12.8 yrs | £9,195 |
| 8 kW | 7211 kWh | 4327 kWh | 2884 kWh | £1,171 | £288 | £1,459 | £18,376 | 12.6 yrs | £10,809 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £989, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1803 kWh | 1262 kWh | 541 kWh | £341 | £54 | £396 | £7,569 | 19.1 yrs | £342 |
| 3 kW | 2704 kWh | 1893 kWh | 811 kWh | £512 | £81 | £593 | £9,604 | 16.2 yrs | £2,263 |
| 4 kW | 3606 kWh | 2524 kWh | 1082 kWh | £683 | £108 | £791 | £11,638 | 14.7 yrs | £4,185 |
| 5 kW | 4507 kWh | 3155 kWh | 1352 kWh | £854 | £135 | £989 | £13,673 | 13.8 yrs | £6,106 |
| 6 kW | 5408 kWh | 3786 kWh | 1623 kWh | £1,024 | £162 | £1,187 | £15,707 | 13.2 yrs | £8,027 |
| 7 kW | 6310 kWh | 4417 kWh | 1893 kWh | £1,195 | £189 | £1,384 | £17,742 | 12.8 yrs | £9,948 |
| 8 kW | 7211 kWh | 5048 kWh | 2163 kWh | £1,366 | £216 | £1,582 | £19,776 | 12.5 yrs | £11,869 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,012, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1803 kWh | 1316 kWh | 487 kWh | £356 | £49 | £405 | £9,319 | 23.0 yrs | £-1,223 |
| 3 kW | 2704 kWh | 1974 kWh | 730 kWh | £534 | £73 | £607 | £11,354 | 18.7 yrs | £790 |
| 4 kW | 3606 kWh | 2632 kWh | 974 kWh | £712 | £97 | £810 | £13,388 | 16.5 yrs | £2,804 |
| 5 kW | 4507 kWh | 3290 kWh | 1217 kWh | £890 | £122 | £1,012 | £15,423 | 15.2 yrs | £4,817 |
| 6 kW | 5408 kWh | 3948 kWh | 1460 kWh | £1,068 | £146 | £1,214 | £17,457 | 14.4 yrs | £6,830 |
| 7 kW | 6310 kWh | 4606 kWh | 1704 kWh | £1,246 | £170 | £1,417 | £19,492 | 13.8 yrs | £8,844 |
| 8 kW | 7211 kWh | 5264 kWh | 1947 kWh | £1,424 | £195 | £1,619 | £21,526 | 13.3 yrs | £10,857 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,027, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1803 kWh | 1352 kWh | 451 kWh | £366 | £45 | £411 | £11,069 | 26.9 yrs | £-2,850 |
| 3 kW | 2704 kWh | 2028 kWh | 676 kWh | £549 | £68 | £616 | £13,104 | 21.3 yrs | £-775 |
| 4 kW | 3606 kWh | 2704 kWh | 901 kWh | £732 | £90 | £822 | £15,138 | 18.4 yrs | £1,300 |
| 5 kW | 4507 kWh | 3380 kWh | 1127 kWh | £915 | £113 | £1,027 | £17,173 | 16.7 yrs | £3,375 |
| 6 kW | 5408 kWh | 4056 kWh | 1352 kWh | £1,098 | £135 | £1,233 | £19,207 | 15.6 yrs | £5,450 |
| 7 kW | 6310 kWh | 4732 kWh | 1577 kWh | £1,281 | £158 | £1,438 | £21,242 | 14.8 yrs | £7,524 |
| 8 kW | 7211 kWh | 5408 kWh | 1803 kWh | £1,463 | £180 | £1,644 | £23,276 | 14.2 yrs | £9,599 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,043, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1803 kWh | 1388 kWh | 415 kWh | £376 | £41 | £417 | £13,519 | 32.4 yrs | £-5,177 |
| 3 kW | 2704 kWh | 2082 kWh | 622 kWh | £563 | £62 | £626 | £15,554 | 24.9 yrs | £-3,041 |
| 4 kW | 3606 kWh | 2776 kWh | 829 kWh | £751 | £83 | £834 | £17,588 | 21.1 yrs | £-904 |
| 5 kW | 4507 kWh | 3470 kWh | 1037 kWh | £939 | £104 | £1,043 | £19,623 | 18.8 yrs | £1,232 |
| 6 kW | 5408 kWh | 4164 kWh | 1244 kWh | £1,127 | £124 | £1,251 | £21,657 | 17.3 yrs | £3,369 |
| 7 kW | 6310 kWh | 4858 kWh | 1451 kWh | £1,315 | £145 | £1,460 | £23,692 | 16.2 yrs | £5,505 |
| 8 kW | 7211 kWh | 5553 kWh | 1659 kWh | £1,503 | £166 | £1,668 | £25,726 | 15.4 yrs | £7,642 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.