A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 837 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £705, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1673 kWh | 669 kWh | 1004 kWh | £181 | £100 | £282 | £4,069 | 14.4 yrs | £1,567 |
| 3 kW | 2510 kWh | 1004 kWh | 1506 kWh | £272 | £151 | £423 | £6,104 | 14.4 yrs | £2,351 |
| 4 kW | 3346 kWh | 1338 kWh | 2008 kWh | £363 | £201 | £564 | £8,138 | 14.4 yrs | £3,134 |
| 5 kW | 4183 kWh | 1673 kWh | 2510 kWh | £454 | £251 | £705 | £10,173 | 14.4 yrs | £3,918 |
| 6 kW | 5019 kWh | 2008 kWh | 3011 kWh | £544 | £301 | £845 | £12,207 | 14.4 yrs | £4,701 |
| 7 kW | 5856 kWh | 2342 kWh | 3513 kWh | £635 | £351 | £986 | £14,242 | 14.4 yrs | £5,485 |
| 8 kW | 6692 kWh | 2677 kWh | 4015 kWh | £726 | £402 | £1,127 | £16,276 | 14.4 yrs | £6,268 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £848, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1673 kWh | 1004 kWh | 669 kWh | £272 | £67 | £339 | £6,169 | 18.2 yrs | £612 |
| 3 kW | 2510 kWh | 1506 kWh | 1004 kWh | £408 | £100 | £509 | £8,204 | 16.1 yrs | £1,968 |
| 4 kW | 3346 kWh | 2008 kWh | 1338 kWh | £544 | £134 | £678 | £10,238 | 15.1 yrs | £3,324 |
| 5 kW | 4183 kWh | 2510 kWh | 1673 kWh | £680 | £167 | £848 | £12,273 | 14.5 yrs | £4,680 |
| 6 kW | 5019 kWh | 3011 kWh | 2008 kWh | £816 | £201 | £1,017 | £14,307 | 14.1 yrs | £6,036 |
| 7 kW | 5856 kWh | 3513 kWh | 2342 kWh | £952 | £234 | £1,187 | £16,342 | 13.8 yrs | £7,393 |
| 8 kW | 6692 kWh | 4015 kWh | 2677 kWh | £1,089 | £268 | £1,356 | £18,376 | 13.5 yrs | £8,749 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £919, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1673 kWh | 1171 kWh | 502 kWh | £317 | £50 | £368 | £7,569 | 20.6 yrs | £-215 |
| 3 kW | 2510 kWh | 1757 kWh | 753 kWh | £476 | £75 | £552 | £9,604 | 17.4 yrs | £1,427 |
| 4 kW | 3346 kWh | 2342 kWh | 1004 kWh | £635 | £100 | £735 | £11,638 | 15.8 yrs | £3,069 |
| 5 kW | 4183 kWh | 2928 kWh | 1255 kWh | £794 | £125 | £919 | £13,673 | 14.9 yrs | £4,712 |
| 6 kW | 5019 kWh | 3513 kWh | 1506 kWh | £952 | £151 | £1,103 | £15,707 | 14.2 yrs | £6,354 |
| 7 kW | 5856 kWh | 4099 kWh | 1757 kWh | £1,111 | £176 | £1,287 | £17,742 | 13.8 yrs | £7,996 |
| 8 kW | 6692 kWh | 4685 kWh | 2008 kWh | £1,270 | £201 | £1,471 | £19,776 | 13.4 yrs | £9,639 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £941, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1673 kWh | 1221 kWh | 452 kWh | £331 | £45 | £376 | £9,319 | 24.8 yrs | £-1,794 |
| 3 kW | 2510 kWh | 1832 kWh | 678 kWh | £497 | £68 | £564 | £11,354 | 20.1 yrs | £-65 |
| 4 kW | 3346 kWh | 2443 kWh | 903 kWh | £662 | £90 | £753 | £13,388 | 17.8 yrs | £1,663 |
| 5 kW | 4183 kWh | 3053 kWh | 1129 kWh | £828 | £113 | £941 | £15,423 | 16.4 yrs | £3,391 |
| 6 kW | 5019 kWh | 3664 kWh | 1355 kWh | £993 | £136 | £1,129 | £17,457 | 15.5 yrs | £5,119 |
| 7 kW | 5856 kWh | 4275 kWh | 1581 kWh | £1,159 | £158 | £1,317 | £19,492 | 14.8 yrs | £6,847 |
| 8 kW | 6692 kWh | 4885 kWh | 1807 kWh | £1,324 | £181 | £1,505 | £21,526 | 14.3 yrs | £8,576 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £955, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1673 kWh | 1255 kWh | 418 kWh | £340 | £42 | £382 | £11,069 | 29.0 yrs | £-3,429 |
| 3 kW | 2510 kWh | 1882 kWh | 627 kWh | £510 | £63 | £573 | £13,104 | 22.9 yrs | £-1,644 |
| 4 kW | 3346 kWh | 2510 kWh | 837 kWh | £680 | £84 | £764 | £15,138 | 19.8 yrs | £142 |
| 5 kW | 4183 kWh | 3137 kWh | 1046 kWh | £850 | £105 | £955 | £17,173 | 18.0 yrs | £1,927 |
| 6 kW | 5019 kWh | 3764 kWh | 1255 kWh | £1,021 | £125 | £1,146 | £19,207 | 16.8 yrs | £3,713 |
| 7 kW | 5856 kWh | 4392 kWh | 1464 kWh | £1,191 | £146 | £1,337 | £21,242 | 15.9 yrs | £5,498 |
| 8 kW | 6692 kWh | 5019 kWh | 1673 kWh | £1,361 | £167 | £1,528 | £23,276 | 15.2 yrs | £7,284 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £969, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1673 kWh | 1288 kWh | 385 kWh | £349 | £38 | £388 | £13,519 | 34.9 yrs | £-5,765 |
| 3 kW | 2510 kWh | 1932 kWh | 577 kWh | £524 | £58 | £582 | £15,554 | 26.7 yrs | £-3,922 |
| 4 kW | 3346 kWh | 2576 kWh | 770 kWh | £698 | £77 | £775 | £17,588 | 22.7 yrs | £-2,079 |
| 5 kW | 4183 kWh | 3221 kWh | 962 kWh | £873 | £96 | £969 | £19,623 | 20.2 yrs | £-236 |
| 6 kW | 5019 kWh | 3865 kWh | 1154 kWh | £1,048 | £115 | £1,163 | £21,657 | 18.6 yrs | £1,606 |
| 7 kW | 5856 kWh | 4509 kWh | 1347 kWh | £1,222 | £135 | £1,357 | £23,692 | 17.5 yrs | £3,449 |
| 8 kW | 6692 kWh | 5153 kWh | 1539 kWh | £1,397 | £154 | £1,551 | £25,726 | 16.6 yrs | £5,292 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.