A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 838 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £706, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1677 kWh | 671 kWh | 1006 kWh | £182 | £101 | £282 | £4,069 | 14.4 yrs | £1,580 |
| 3 kW | 2515 kWh | 1006 kWh | 1509 kWh | £273 | £151 | £424 | £6,104 | 14.4 yrs | £2,370 |
| 4 kW | 3354 kWh | 1342 kWh | 2012 kWh | £364 | £201 | £565 | £8,138 | 14.4 yrs | £3,160 |
| 5 kW | 4192 kWh | 1677 kWh | 2515 kWh | £455 | £252 | £706 | £10,173 | 14.4 yrs | £3,950 |
| 6 kW | 5031 kWh | 2012 kWh | 3018 kWh | £546 | £302 | £847 | £12,207 | 14.4 yrs | £4,740 |
| 7 kW | 5869 kWh | 2348 kWh | 3521 kWh | £636 | £352 | £989 | £14,242 | 14.4 yrs | £5,530 |
| 8 kW | 6708 kWh | 2683 kWh | 4025 kWh | £727 | £402 | £1,130 | £16,276 | 14.4 yrs | £6,320 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £850, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1677 kWh | 1006 kWh | 671 kWh | £273 | £67 | £340 | £6,169 | 18.2 yrs | £628 |
| 3 kW | 2515 kWh | 1509 kWh | 1006 kWh | £409 | £101 | £510 | £8,204 | 16.1 yrs | £1,992 |
| 4 kW | 3354 kWh | 2012 kWh | 1342 kWh | £546 | £134 | £680 | £10,238 | 15.1 yrs | £3,355 |
| 5 kW | 4192 kWh | 2515 kWh | 1677 kWh | £682 | £168 | £850 | £12,273 | 14.4 yrs | £4,719 |
| 6 kW | 5031 kWh | 3018 kWh | 2012 kWh | £818 | £201 | £1,020 | £14,307 | 14.0 yrs | £6,083 |
| 7 kW | 5869 kWh | 3521 kWh | 2348 kWh | £955 | £235 | £1,189 | £16,342 | 13.7 yrs | £7,447 |
| 8 kW | 6708 kWh | 4025 kWh | 2683 kWh | £1,091 | £268 | £1,359 | £18,376 | 13.5 yrs | £8,811 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £921, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1677 kWh | 1174 kWh | 503 kWh | £318 | £50 | £369 | £7,569 | 20.5 yrs | £-198 |
| 3 kW | 2515 kWh | 1761 kWh | 755 kWh | £477 | £75 | £553 | £9,604 | 17.4 yrs | £1,452 |
| 4 kW | 3354 kWh | 2348 kWh | 1006 kWh | £636 | £101 | £737 | £11,638 | 15.8 yrs | £3,103 |
| 5 kW | 4192 kWh | 2935 kWh | 1258 kWh | £796 | £126 | £921 | £13,673 | 14.8 yrs | £4,754 |
| 6 kW | 5031 kWh | 3521 kWh | 1509 kWh | £955 | £151 | £1,106 | £15,707 | 14.2 yrs | £6,405 |
| 7 kW | 5869 kWh | 4108 kWh | 1761 kWh | £1,114 | £176 | £1,290 | £17,742 | 13.8 yrs | £8,055 |
| 8 kW | 6708 kWh | 4695 kWh | 2012 kWh | £1,273 | £201 | £1,474 | £19,776 | 13.4 yrs | £9,706 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £943, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1677 kWh | 1224 kWh | 453 kWh | £332 | £45 | £377 | £9,319 | 24.7 yrs | £-1,776 |
| 3 kW | 2515 kWh | 1836 kWh | 679 kWh | £498 | £68 | £566 | £11,354 | 20.1 yrs | £-39 |
| 4 kW | 3354 kWh | 2448 kWh | 906 kWh | £664 | £91 | £754 | £13,388 | 17.7 yrs | £1,697 |
| 5 kW | 4192 kWh | 3060 kWh | 1132 kWh | £830 | £113 | £943 | £15,423 | 16.4 yrs | £3,434 |
| 6 kW | 5031 kWh | 3672 kWh | 1358 kWh | £996 | £136 | £1,131 | £17,457 | 15.4 yrs | £5,171 |
| 7 kW | 5869 kWh | 4284 kWh | 1585 kWh | £1,162 | £158 | £1,320 | £19,492 | 14.8 yrs | £6,908 |
| 8 kW | 6708 kWh | 4896 kWh | 1811 kWh | £1,327 | £181 | £1,509 | £21,526 | 14.3 yrs | £8,645 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £957, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1677 kWh | 1258 kWh | 419 kWh | £341 | £42 | £383 | £11,069 | 28.9 yrs | £-3,412 |
| 3 kW | 2515 kWh | 1886 kWh | 629 kWh | £511 | £63 | £574 | £13,104 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,617 |
| 4 kW | 3354 kWh | 2515 kWh | 838 kWh | £682 | £84 | £766 | £15,138 | 19.8 yrs | £177 |
| 5 kW | 4192 kWh | 3144 kWh | 1048 kWh | £852 | £105 | £957 | £17,173 | 17.9 yrs | £1,971 |
| 6 kW | 5031 kWh | 3773 kWh | 1258 kWh | £1,023 | £126 | £1,149 | £19,207 | 16.7 yrs | £3,765 |
| 7 kW | 5869 kWh | 4402 kWh | 1467 kWh | £1,193 | £147 | £1,340 | £21,242 | 15.9 yrs | £5,560 |
| 8 kW | 6708 kWh | 5031 kWh | 1677 kWh | £1,364 | £168 | £1,531 | £23,276 | 15.2 yrs | £7,354 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £972, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1677 kWh | 1291 kWh | 386 kWh | £350 | £39 | £389 | £13,519 | 34.8 yrs | £-5,747 |
| 3 kW | 2515 kWh | 1937 kWh | 579 kWh | £525 | £58 | £583 | £15,554 | 26.7 yrs | £-3,895 |
| 4 kW | 3354 kWh | 2582 kWh | 771 kWh | £700 | £77 | £777 | £17,588 | 22.6 yrs | £-2,044 |
| 5 kW | 4192 kWh | 3228 kWh | 964 kWh | £875 | £96 | £972 | £19,623 | 20.2 yrs | £-192 |
| 6 kW | 5031 kWh | 3874 kWh | 1157 kWh | £1,050 | £116 | £1,166 | £21,657 | 18.6 yrs | £1,660 |
| 7 kW | 5869 kWh | 4519 kWh | 1350 kWh | £1,225 | £135 | £1,360 | £23,692 | 17.4 yrs | £3,511 |
| 8 kW | 6708 kWh | 5165 kWh | 1543 kWh | £1,400 | £154 | £1,554 | £25,726 | 16.5 yrs | £5,363 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.