A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1010 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £839, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2019 kWh | 808 kWh | 1212 kWh | £214 | £121 | £335 | £4,069 | 12.1 yrs | £2,640 |
| 3 kW | 3029 kWh | 1212 kWh | 1817 kWh | £321 | £182 | £503 | £6,104 | 12.1 yrs | £3,960 |
| 4 kW | 4039 kWh | 1615 kWh | 2423 kWh | £429 | £242 | £671 | £8,138 | 12.1 yrs | £5,280 |
| 5 kW | 5048 kWh | 2019 kWh | 3029 kWh | £536 | £303 | £839 | £10,173 | 12.1 yrs | £6,600 |
| 6 kW | 6058 kWh | 2423 kWh | 3635 kWh | £643 | £363 | £1,006 | £12,207 | 12.1 yrs | £7,920 |
| 7 kW | 7068 kWh | 2827 kWh | 4241 kWh | £750 | £424 | £1,174 | £14,242 | 12.1 yrs | £9,240 |
| 8 kW | 8077 kWh | 3231 kWh | 4846 kWh | £857 | £485 | £1,342 | £16,276 | 12.1 yrs | £10,560 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,006, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2019 kWh | 1212 kWh | 808 kWh | £321 | £81 | £402 | £6,169 | 15.3 yrs | £1,875 |
| 3 kW | 3029 kWh | 1817 kWh | 1212 kWh | £482 | £121 | £603 | £8,204 | 13.6 yrs | £3,863 |
| 4 kW | 4039 kWh | 2423 kWh | 1615 kWh | £643 | £162 | £804 | £10,238 | 12.7 yrs | £5,850 |
| 5 kW | 5048 kWh | 3029 kWh | 2019 kWh | £804 | £202 | £1,006 | £12,273 | 12.2 yrs | £7,838 |
| 6 kW | 6058 kWh | 3635 kWh | 2423 kWh | £964 | £242 | £1,207 | £14,307 | 11.9 yrs | £9,825 |
| 7 kW | 7068 kWh | 4241 kWh | 2827 kWh | £1,125 | £283 | £1,408 | £16,342 | 11.6 yrs | £11,813 |
| 8 kW | 8077 kWh | 4846 kWh | 3231 kWh | £1,286 | £323 | £1,609 | £18,376 | 11.4 yrs | £13,800 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,089, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2019 kWh | 1414 kWh | 606 kWh | £375 | £61 | £436 | £7,569 | 17.4 yrs | £1,143 |
| 3 kW | 3029 kWh | 2120 kWh | 909 kWh | £563 | £91 | £653 | £9,604 | 14.7 yrs | £3,464 |
| 4 kW | 4039 kWh | 2827 kWh | 1212 kWh | £750 | £121 | £871 | £11,638 | 13.4 yrs | £5,785 |
| 5 kW | 5048 kWh | 3534 kWh | 1514 kWh | £938 | £151 | £1,089 | £13,673 | 12.6 yrs | £8,107 |
| 6 kW | 6058 kWh | 4241 kWh | 1817 kWh | £1,125 | £182 | £1,307 | £15,707 | 12.0 yrs | £10,428 |
| 7 kW | 7068 kWh | 4947 kWh | 2120 kWh | £1,313 | £212 | £1,525 | £17,742 | 11.6 yrs | £12,749 |
| 8 kW | 8077 kWh | 5654 kWh | 2423 kWh | £1,500 | £242 | £1,742 | £19,776 | 11.4 yrs | £15,071 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,114, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2019 kWh | 1474 kWh | 545 kWh | £391 | £55 | £446 | £9,319 | 20.9 yrs | £-407 |
| 3 kW | 3029 kWh | 2211 kWh | 818 kWh | £587 | £82 | £668 | £11,354 | 17.0 yrs | £2,014 |
| 4 kW | 4039 kWh | 2948 kWh | 1090 kWh | £782 | £109 | £891 | £13,388 | 15.0 yrs | £4,436 |
| 5 kW | 5048 kWh | 3685 kWh | 1363 kWh | £978 | £136 | £1,114 | £15,423 | 13.8 yrs | £6,857 |
| 6 kW | 6058 kWh | 4422 kWh | 1636 kWh | £1,173 | £164 | £1,337 | £17,457 | 13.1 yrs | £9,279 |
| 7 kW | 7068 kWh | 5159 kWh | 1908 kWh | £1,369 | £191 | £1,560 | £19,492 | 12.5 yrs | £11,700 |
| 8 kW | 8077 kWh | 5896 kWh | 2181 kWh | £1,564 | £218 | £1,782 | £21,526 | 12.1 yrs | £14,122 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,131, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2019 kWh | 1514 kWh | 505 kWh | £402 | £50 | £452 | £11,069 | 24.5 yrs | £-2,024 |
| 3 kW | 3029 kWh | 2272 kWh | 757 kWh | £603 | £76 | £678 | £13,104 | 19.3 yrs | £465 |
| 4 kW | 4039 kWh | 3029 kWh | 1010 kWh | £804 | £101 | £905 | £15,138 | 16.7 yrs | £2,953 |
| 5 kW | 5048 kWh | 3786 kWh | 1262 kWh | £1,004 | £126 | £1,131 | £17,173 | 15.2 yrs | £5,441 |
| 6 kW | 6058 kWh | 4543 kWh | 1514 kWh | £1,205 | £151 | £1,357 | £19,207 | 14.2 yrs | £7,929 |
| 7 kW | 7068 kWh | 5301 kWh | 1767 kWh | £1,406 | £177 | £1,583 | £21,242 | 13.4 yrs | £10,418 |
| 8 kW | 8077 kWh | 6058 kWh | 2019 kWh | £1,607 | £202 | £1,809 | £23,276 | 12.9 yrs | £12,906 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,147, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2019 kWh | 1555 kWh | 464 kWh | £413 | £46 | £459 | £13,519 | 29.5 yrs | £-4,340 |
| 3 kW | 3029 kWh | 2332 kWh | 697 kWh | £619 | £70 | £688 | £15,554 | 22.6 yrs | £-1,785 |
| 4 kW | 4039 kWh | 3110 kWh | 929 kWh | £825 | £93 | £918 | £17,588 | 19.2 yrs | £770 |
| 5 kW | 5048 kWh | 3887 kWh | 1161 kWh | £1,031 | £116 | £1,147 | £19,623 | 17.1 yrs | £3,325 |
| 6 kW | 6058 kWh | 4665 kWh | 1393 kWh | £1,238 | £139 | £1,377 | £21,657 | 15.7 yrs | £5,880 |
| 7 kW | 7068 kWh | 5442 kWh | 1626 kWh | £1,444 | £163 | £1,606 | £23,692 | 14.7 yrs | £8,435 |
| 8 kW | 8077 kWh | 6219 kWh | 1858 kWh | £1,650 | £186 | £1,836 | £25,726 | 14.0 yrs | £10,990 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.