A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 950 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.4p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £768, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1901 kWh | 760 kWh | 1140 kWh | £193 | £114 | £307 | £4,069 | 13.2 yrs | £2,079 |
| 3 kW | 2851 kWh | 1140 kWh | 1711 kWh | £290 | £171 | £461 | £6,104 | 13.2 yrs | £3,118 |
| 4 kW | 3801 kWh | 1521 kWh | 2281 kWh | £387 | £228 | £615 | £8,138 | 13.2 yrs | £4,157 |
| 5 kW | 4752 kWh | 1901 kWh | 2851 kWh | £483 | £285 | £768 | £10,173 | 13.2 yrs | £5,197 |
| 6 kW | 5702 kWh | 2281 kWh | 3421 kWh | £580 | £342 | £922 | £12,207 | 13.2 yrs | £6,236 |
| 7 kW | 6652 kWh | 2661 kWh | 3991 kWh | £677 | £399 | £1,076 | £14,242 | 13.2 yrs | £7,275 |
| 8 kW | 7603 kWh | 3041 kWh | 4562 kWh | £773 | £456 | £1,230 | £16,276 | 13.2 yrs | £8,314 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £915, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1901 kWh | 1140 kWh | 760 kWh | £290 | £76 | £366 | £6,169 | 16.9 yrs | £1,152 |
| 3 kW | 2851 kWh | 1711 kWh | 1140 kWh | £435 | £114 | £549 | £8,204 | 14.9 yrs | £2,778 |
| 4 kW | 3801 kWh | 2281 kWh | 1521 kWh | £580 | £152 | £732 | £10,238 | 14.0 yrs | £4,403 |
| 5 kW | 4752 kWh | 2851 kWh | 1901 kWh | £725 | £190 | £915 | £12,273 | 13.4 yrs | £6,029 |
| 6 kW | 5702 kWh | 3421 kWh | 2281 kWh | £870 | £228 | £1,098 | £14,307 | 13.0 yrs | £7,655 |
| 7 kW | 6652 kWh | 3991 kWh | 2661 kWh | £1,015 | £266 | £1,281 | £16,342 | 12.8 yrs | £9,281 |
| 8 kW | 7603 kWh | 4562 kWh | 3041 kWh | £1,160 | £304 | £1,464 | £18,376 | 12.6 yrs | £10,907 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £988, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1901 kWh | 1330 kWh | 570 kWh | £338 | £57 | £395 | £7,569 | 19.1 yrs | £338 |
| 3 kW | 2851 kWh | 1996 kWh | 855 kWh | £508 | £86 | £593 | £9,604 | 16.2 yrs | £2,257 |
| 4 kW | 3801 kWh | 2661 kWh | 1140 kWh | £677 | £114 | £791 | £11,638 | 14.7 yrs | £4,177 |
| 5 kW | 4752 kWh | 3326 kWh | 1426 kWh | £846 | £143 | £988 | £13,673 | 13.8 yrs | £6,096 |
| 6 kW | 5702 kWh | 3991 kWh | 1711 kWh | £1,015 | £171 | £1,186 | £15,707 | 13.2 yrs | £8,015 |
| 7 kW | 6652 kWh | 4657 kWh | 1996 kWh | £1,184 | £200 | £1,384 | £17,742 | 12.8 yrs | £9,934 |
| 8 kW | 7603 kWh | 5322 kWh | 2281 kWh | £1,353 | £228 | £1,581 | £19,776 | 12.5 yrs | £11,853 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,010, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1901 kWh | 1388 kWh | 513 kWh | £353 | £51 | £404 | £9,319 | 23.1 yrs | £-1,236 |
| 3 kW | 2851 kWh | 2081 kWh | 770 kWh | £529 | £77 | £606 | £11,354 | 18.7 yrs | £771 |
| 4 kW | 3801 kWh | 2775 kWh | 1026 kWh | £706 | £103 | £808 | £13,388 | 16.6 yrs | £2,778 |
| 5 kW | 4752 kWh | 3469 kWh | 1283 kWh | £882 | £128 | £1,010 | £15,423 | 15.3 yrs | £4,786 |
| 6 kW | 5702 kWh | 4163 kWh | 1540 kWh | £1,059 | £154 | £1,212 | £17,457 | 14.4 yrs | £6,793 |
| 7 kW | 6652 kWh | 4856 kWh | 1796 kWh | £1,235 | £180 | £1,415 | £19,492 | 13.8 yrs | £8,800 |
| 8 kW | 7603 kWh | 5550 kWh | 2053 kWh | £1,411 | £205 | £1,617 | £21,526 | 13.3 yrs | £10,807 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,025, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1901 kWh | 1426 kWh | 475 kWh | £363 | £48 | £410 | £11,069 | 27.0 yrs | £-2,868 |
| 3 kW | 2851 kWh | 2138 kWh | 713 kWh | £544 | £71 | £615 | £13,104 | 21.3 yrs | £-803 |
| 4 kW | 3801 kWh | 2851 kWh | 950 kWh | £725 | £95 | £820 | £15,138 | 18.5 yrs | £1,263 |
| 5 kW | 4752 kWh | 3564 kWh | 1188 kWh | £906 | £119 | £1,025 | £17,173 | 16.8 yrs | £3,329 |
| 6 kW | 5702 kWh | 4277 kWh | 1426 kWh | £1,088 | £143 | £1,230 | £19,207 | 15.6 yrs | £5,395 |
| 7 kW | 6652 kWh | 4989 kWh | 1663 kWh | £1,269 | £166 | £1,435 | £21,242 | 14.8 yrs | £7,460 |
| 8 kW | 7603 kWh | 5702 kWh | 1901 kWh | £1,450 | £190 | £1,640 | £23,276 | 14.2 yrs | £9,526 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,040, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1901 kWh | 1464 kWh | 437 kWh | £372 | £44 | £416 | £13,519 | 32.5 yrs | £-5,201 |
| 3 kW | 2851 kWh | 2195 kWh | 656 kWh | £558 | £66 | £624 | £15,554 | 24.9 yrs | £-3,077 |
| 4 kW | 3801 kWh | 2927 kWh | 874 kWh | £744 | £87 | £832 | £17,588 | 21.1 yrs | £-952 |
| 5 kW | 4752 kWh | 3659 kWh | 1093 kWh | £930 | £109 | £1,040 | £19,623 | 18.9 yrs | £1,172 |
| 6 kW | 5702 kWh | 4391 kWh | 1311 kWh | £1,117 | £131 | £1,248 | £21,657 | 17.4 yrs | £3,297 |
| 7 kW | 6652 kWh | 5122 kWh | 1530 kWh | £1,303 | £153 | £1,456 | £23,692 | 16.3 yrs | £5,421 |
| 8 kW | 7603 kWh | 5854 kWh | 1749 kWh | £1,489 | £175 | £1,664 | £25,726 | 15.5 yrs | £7,545 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.