A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 862 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £726, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1725 kWh | 690 kWh | 1035 kWh | £187 | £103 | £291 | £4,069 | 14.0 yrs | £1,741 |
| 3 kW | 2587 kWh | 1035 kWh | 1552 kWh | £281 | £155 | £436 | £6,104 | 14.0 yrs | £2,612 |
| 4 kW | 3449 kWh | 1380 kWh | 2070 kWh | £374 | £207 | £581 | £8,138 | 14.0 yrs | £3,482 |
| 5 kW | 4312 kWh | 1725 kWh | 2587 kWh | £468 | £259 | £726 | £10,173 | 14.0 yrs | £4,353 |
| 6 kW | 5174 kWh | 2070 kWh | 3104 kWh | £561 | £310 | £872 | £12,207 | 14.0 yrs | £5,223 |
| 7 kW | 6036 kWh | 2415 kWh | 3622 kWh | £655 | £362 | £1,017 | £14,242 | 14.0 yrs | £6,094 |
| 8 kW | 6899 kWh | 2759 kWh | 4139 kWh | £748 | £414 | £1,162 | £16,276 | 14.0 yrs | £6,964 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £874, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1725 kWh | 1035 kWh | 690 kWh | £281 | £69 | £350 | £6,169 | 17.6 yrs | £821 |
| 3 kW | 2587 kWh | 1552 kWh | 1035 kWh | £421 | £103 | £524 | £8,204 | 15.6 yrs | £2,282 |
| 4 kW | 3449 kWh | 2070 kWh | 1380 kWh | £561 | £138 | £699 | £10,238 | 14.6 yrs | £3,743 |
| 5 kW | 4312 kWh | 2587 kWh | 1725 kWh | £701 | £172 | £874 | £12,273 | 14.0 yrs | £5,204 |
| 6 kW | 5174 kWh | 3104 kWh | 2070 kWh | £842 | £207 | £1,049 | £14,307 | 13.6 yrs | £6,664 |
| 7 kW | 6036 kWh | 3622 kWh | 2415 kWh | £982 | £241 | £1,223 | £16,342 | 13.4 yrs | £8,125 |
| 8 kW | 6899 kWh | 4139 kWh | 2759 kWh | £1,122 | £276 | £1,398 | £18,376 | 13.1 yrs | £9,586 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £948, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1725 kWh | 1207 kWh | 517 kWh | £327 | £52 | £379 | £7,569 | 20.0 yrs | £12 |
| 3 kW | 2587 kWh | 1811 kWh | 776 kWh | £491 | £78 | £569 | £9,604 | 16.9 yrs | £1,767 |
| 4 kW | 3449 kWh | 2415 kWh | 1035 kWh | £655 | £103 | £758 | £11,638 | 15.4 yrs | £3,523 |
| 5 kW | 4312 kWh | 3018 kWh | 1294 kWh | £818 | £129 | £948 | £13,673 | 14.4 yrs | £5,279 |
| 6 kW | 5174 kWh | 3622 kWh | 1552 kWh | £982 | £155 | £1,137 | £15,707 | 13.8 yrs | £7,035 |
| 7 kW | 6036 kWh | 4225 kWh | 1811 kWh | £1,146 | £181 | £1,327 | £17,742 | 13.4 yrs | £8,791 |
| 8 kW | 6899 kWh | 4829 kWh | 2070 kWh | £1,309 | £207 | £1,516 | £19,776 | 13.0 yrs | £10,547 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £970, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1725 kWh | 1259 kWh | 466 kWh | £341 | £47 | £388 | £9,319 | 24.0 yrs | £-1,561 |
| 3 kW | 2587 kWh | 1889 kWh | 698 kWh | £512 | £70 | £582 | £11,354 | 19.5 yrs | £283 |
| 4 kW | 3449 kWh | 2518 kWh | 931 kWh | £683 | £93 | £776 | £13,388 | 17.3 yrs | £2,127 |
| 5 kW | 4312 kWh | 3148 kWh | 1164 kWh | £853 | £116 | £970 | £15,423 | 15.9 yrs | £3,972 |
| 6 kW | 5174 kWh | 3777 kWh | 1397 kWh | £1,024 | £140 | £1,164 | £17,457 | 15.0 yrs | £5,816 |
| 7 kW | 6036 kWh | 4407 kWh | 1630 kWh | £1,195 | £163 | £1,358 | £19,492 | 14.4 yrs | £7,660 |
| 8 kW | 6899 kWh | 5036 kWh | 1863 kWh | £1,365 | £186 | £1,552 | £21,526 | 13.9 yrs | £9,505 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £984, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1725 kWh | 1294 kWh | 431 kWh | £351 | £43 | £394 | £11,069 | 28.1 yrs | £-3,193 |
| 3 kW | 2587 kWh | 1940 kWh | 647 kWh | £526 | £65 | £591 | £13,104 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,290 |
| 4 kW | 3449 kWh | 2587 kWh | 862 kWh | £701 | £86 | £788 | £15,138 | 19.2 yrs | £613 |
| 5 kW | 4312 kWh | 3234 kWh | 1078 kWh | £877 | £108 | £984 | £17,173 | 17.4 yrs | £2,517 |
| 6 kW | 5174 kWh | 3881 kWh | 1294 kWh | £1,052 | £129 | £1,181 | £19,207 | 16.3 yrs | £4,420 |
| 7 kW | 6036 kWh | 4527 kWh | 1509 kWh | £1,227 | £151 | £1,378 | £21,242 | 15.4 yrs | £6,324 |
| 8 kW | 6899 kWh | 5174 kWh | 1725 kWh | £1,403 | £172 | £1,575 | £23,276 | 14.8 yrs | £8,227 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £999, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1725 kWh | 1328 kWh | 397 kWh | £360 | £40 | £400 | £13,519 | 33.8 yrs | £-5,525 |
| 3 kW | 2587 kWh | 1992 kWh | 595 kWh | £540 | £60 | £600 | £15,554 | 25.9 yrs | £-3,563 |
| 4 kW | 3449 kWh | 2656 kWh | 793 kWh | £720 | £79 | £799 | £17,588 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,600 |
| 5 kW | 4312 kWh | 3320 kWh | 992 kWh | £900 | £99 | £999 | £19,623 | 19.6 yrs | £362 |
| 6 kW | 5174 kWh | 3984 kWh | 1190 kWh | £1,080 | £119 | £1,199 | £21,657 | 18.1 yrs | £2,324 |
| 7 kW | 6036 kWh | 4648 kWh | 1388 kWh | £1,260 | £139 | £1,399 | £23,692 | 16.9 yrs | £4,287 |
| 8 kW | 6899 kWh | 5312 kWh | 1587 kWh | £1,440 | £159 | £1,599 | £25,726 | 16.1 yrs | £6,249 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.