A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 955 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.3p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £770, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1910 kWh | 764 kWh | 1146 kWh | £193 | £115 | £308 | £4,069 | 13.2 yrs | £2,092 |
| 3 kW | 2864 kWh | 1146 kWh | 1719 kWh | £290 | £172 | £462 | £6,104 | 13.2 yrs | £3,138 |
| 4 kW | 3819 kWh | 1528 kWh | 2291 kWh | £387 | £229 | £616 | £8,138 | 13.2 yrs | £4,184 |
| 5 kW | 4774 kWh | 1910 kWh | 2864 kWh | £484 | £286 | £770 | £10,173 | 13.2 yrs | £5,230 |
| 6 kW | 5729 kWh | 2291 kWh | 3437 kWh | £580 | £344 | £924 | £12,207 | 13.2 yrs | £6,276 |
| 7 kW | 6683 kWh | 2673 kWh | 4010 kWh | £677 | £401 | £1,078 | £14,242 | 13.2 yrs | £7,322 |
| 8 kW | 7638 kWh | 3055 kWh | 4583 kWh | £774 | £458 | £1,232 | £16,276 | 13.2 yrs | £8,368 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £916, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1910 kWh | 1146 kWh | 764 kWh | £290 | £76 | £367 | £6,169 | 16.8 yrs | £1,163 |
| 3 kW | 2864 kWh | 1719 kWh | 1146 kWh | £435 | £115 | £550 | £8,204 | 14.9 yrs | £2,794 |
| 4 kW | 3819 kWh | 2291 kWh | 1528 kWh | £580 | £153 | £733 | £10,238 | 14.0 yrs | £4,426 |
| 5 kW | 4774 kWh | 2864 kWh | 1910 kWh | £726 | £191 | £916 | £12,273 | 13.4 yrs | £6,057 |
| 6 kW | 5729 kWh | 3437 kWh | 2291 kWh | £871 | £229 | £1,100 | £14,307 | 13.0 yrs | £7,689 |
| 7 kW | 6683 kWh | 4010 kWh | 2673 kWh | £1,016 | £267 | £1,283 | £16,342 | 12.7 yrs | £9,320 |
| 8 kW | 7638 kWh | 4583 kWh | 3055 kWh | £1,161 | £306 | £1,466 | £18,376 | 12.5 yrs | £10,952 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £990, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1910 kWh | 1337 kWh | 573 kWh | £339 | £57 | £396 | £7,569 | 19.1 yrs | £348 |
| 3 kW | 2864 kWh | 2005 kWh | 859 kWh | £508 | £86 | £594 | £9,604 | 16.2 yrs | £2,273 |
| 4 kW | 3819 kWh | 2673 kWh | 1146 kWh | £677 | £115 | £792 | £11,638 | 14.7 yrs | £4,197 |
| 5 kW | 4774 kWh | 3342 kWh | 1432 kWh | £846 | £143 | £990 | £13,673 | 13.8 yrs | £6,121 |
| 6 kW | 5729 kWh | 4010 kWh | 1719 kWh | £1,016 | £172 | £1,188 | £15,707 | 13.2 yrs | £8,045 |
| 7 kW | 6683 kWh | 4678 kWh | 2005 kWh | £1,185 | £201 | £1,386 | £17,742 | 12.8 yrs | £9,969 |
| 8 kW | 7638 kWh | 5347 kWh | 2291 kWh | £1,354 | £229 | £1,583 | £19,776 | 12.5 yrs | £11,894 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,012, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1910 kWh | 1394 kWh | 516 kWh | £353 | £52 | £405 | £9,319 | 23.0 yrs | £-1,226 |
| 3 kW | 2864 kWh | 2091 kWh | 773 kWh | £530 | £77 | £607 | £11,354 | 18.7 yrs | £786 |
| 4 kW | 3819 kWh | 2788 kWh | 1031 kWh | £706 | £103 | £809 | £13,388 | 16.5 yrs | £2,798 |
| 5 kW | 4774 kWh | 3485 kWh | 1289 kWh | £883 | £129 | £1,012 | £15,423 | 15.2 yrs | £4,810 |
| 6 kW | 5729 kWh | 4182 kWh | 1547 kWh | £1,059 | £155 | £1,214 | £17,457 | 14.4 yrs | £6,822 |
| 7 kW | 6683 kWh | 4879 kWh | 1805 kWh | £1,236 | £180 | £1,416 | £19,492 | 13.8 yrs | £8,834 |
| 8 kW | 7638 kWh | 5576 kWh | 2062 kWh | £1,412 | £206 | £1,619 | £21,526 | 13.3 yrs | £10,846 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,026, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1910 kWh | 1432 kWh | 477 kWh | £363 | £48 | £411 | £11,069 | 27.0 yrs | £-2,859 |
| 3 kW | 2864 kWh | 2148 kWh | 716 kWh | £544 | £72 | £616 | £13,104 | 21.3 yrs | £-788 |
| 4 kW | 3819 kWh | 2864 kWh | 955 kWh | £726 | £95 | £821 | £15,138 | 18.4 yrs | £1,282 |
| 5 kW | 4774 kWh | 3580 kWh | 1193 kWh | £907 | £119 | £1,026 | £17,173 | 16.7 yrs | £3,353 |
| 6 kW | 5729 kWh | 4297 kWh | 1432 kWh | £1,088 | £143 | £1,232 | £19,207 | 15.6 yrs | £5,423 |
| 7 kW | 6683 kWh | 5013 kWh | 1671 kWh | £1,270 | £167 | £1,437 | £21,242 | 14.8 yrs | £7,494 |
| 8 kW | 7638 kWh | 5729 kWh | 1910 kWh | £1,451 | £191 | £1,642 | £23,276 | 14.2 yrs | £9,565 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,041, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1910 kWh | 1470 kWh | 439 kWh | £372 | £44 | £416 | £13,519 | 32.5 yrs | £-5,192 |
| 3 kW | 2864 kWh | 2206 kWh | 659 kWh | £559 | £66 | £625 | £15,554 | 24.9 yrs | £-3,063 |
| 4 kW | 3819 kWh | 2941 kWh | 878 kWh | £745 | £88 | £833 | £17,588 | 21.1 yrs | £-934 |
| 5 kW | 4774 kWh | 3676 kWh | 1098 kWh | £931 | £110 | £1,041 | £19,623 | 18.9 yrs | £1,196 |
| 6 kW | 5729 kWh | 4411 kWh | 1318 kWh | £1,117 | £132 | £1,249 | £21,657 | 17.3 yrs | £3,325 |
| 7 kW | 6683 kWh | 5146 kWh | 1537 kWh | £1,304 | £154 | £1,457 | £23,692 | 16.3 yrs | £5,454 |
| 8 kW | 7638 kWh | 5881 kWh | 1757 kWh | £1,490 | £176 | £1,665 | £25,726 | 15.4 yrs | £7,583 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.