A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 811 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £693, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1621 kWh | 649 kWh | 973 kWh | £180 | £97 | £277 | £4,069 | 14.7 yrs | £1,472 |
| 3 kW | 2432 kWh | 973 kWh | 1459 kWh | £270 | £146 | £416 | £6,104 | 14.7 yrs | £2,208 |
| 4 kW | 3243 kWh | 1297 kWh | 1946 kWh | £360 | £195 | £554 | £8,138 | 14.7 yrs | £2,944 |
| 5 kW | 4053 kWh | 1621 kWh | 2432 kWh | £449 | £243 | £693 | £10,173 | 14.7 yrs | £3,679 |
| 6 kW | 4864 kWh | 1946 kWh | 2918 kWh | £539 | £292 | £831 | £12,207 | 14.7 yrs | £4,415 |
| 7 kW | 5674 kWh | 2270 kWh | 3405 kWh | £629 | £340 | £970 | £14,242 | 14.7 yrs | £5,151 |
| 8 kW | 6485 kWh | 2594 kWh | 3891 kWh | £719 | £389 | £1,108 | £16,276 | 14.7 yrs | £5,887 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £836, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1621 kWh | 973 kWh | 649 kWh | £270 | £65 | £334 | £6,169 | 18.4 yrs | £521 |
| 3 kW | 2432 kWh | 1459 kWh | 973 kWh | £404 | £97 | £502 | £8,204 | 16.3 yrs | £1,831 |
| 4 kW | 3243 kWh | 1946 kWh | 1297 kWh | £539 | £130 | £669 | £10,238 | 15.3 yrs | £3,142 |
| 5 kW | 4053 kWh | 2432 kWh | 1621 kWh | £674 | £162 | £836 | £12,273 | 14.7 yrs | £4,452 |
| 6 kW | 4864 kWh | 2918 kWh | 1946 kWh | £809 | £195 | £1,003 | £14,307 | 14.3 yrs | £5,763 |
| 7 kW | 5674 kWh | 3405 kWh | 2270 kWh | £944 | £227 | £1,171 | £16,342 | 14.0 yrs | £7,073 |
| 8 kW | 6485 kWh | 3891 kWh | 2594 kWh | £1,079 | £259 | £1,338 | £18,376 | 13.7 yrs | £8,384 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £908, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1621 kWh | 1135 kWh | 486 kWh | £315 | £49 | £363 | £7,569 | 20.8 yrs | £-304 |
| 3 kW | 2432 kWh | 1702 kWh | 730 kWh | £472 | £73 | £545 | £9,604 | 17.6 yrs | £1,293 |
| 4 kW | 3243 kWh | 2270 kWh | 973 kWh | £629 | £97 | £726 | £11,638 | 16.0 yrs | £2,891 |
| 5 kW | 4053 kWh | 2837 kWh | 1216 kWh | £786 | £122 | £908 | £13,673 | 15.1 yrs | £4,489 |
| 6 kW | 4864 kWh | 3405 kWh | 1459 kWh | £944 | £146 | £1,090 | £15,707 | 14.4 yrs | £6,087 |
| 7 kW | 5674 kWh | 3972 kWh | 1702 kWh | £1,101 | £170 | £1,271 | £17,742 | 14.0 yrs | £7,684 |
| 8 kW | 6485 kWh | 4540 kWh | 1946 kWh | £1,258 | £195 | £1,453 | £19,776 | 13.6 yrs | £9,282 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £930, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1621 kWh | 1184 kWh | 438 kWh | £328 | £44 | £372 | £9,319 | 25.1 yrs | £-1,882 |
| 3 kW | 2432 kWh | 1775 kWh | 657 kWh | £492 | £66 | £558 | £11,354 | 20.4 yrs | £-198 |
| 4 kW | 3243 kWh | 2367 kWh | 875 kWh | £656 | £88 | £744 | £13,388 | 18.0 yrs | £1,486 |
| 5 kW | 4053 kWh | 2959 kWh | 1094 kWh | £820 | £109 | £930 | £15,423 | 16.6 yrs | £3,170 |
| 6 kW | 4864 kWh | 3551 kWh | 1313 kWh | £984 | £131 | £1,116 | £17,457 | 15.6 yrs | £4,854 |
| 7 kW | 5674 kWh | 4142 kWh | 1532 kWh | £1,148 | £153 | £1,301 | £19,492 | 15.0 yrs | £6,538 |
| 8 kW | 6485 kWh | 4734 kWh | 1751 kWh | £1,312 | £175 | £1,487 | £21,526 | 14.5 yrs | £8,222 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £944, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1621 kWh | 1216 kWh | 405 kWh | £337 | £41 | £378 | £11,069 | 29.3 yrs | £-3,517 |
| 3 kW | 2432 kWh | 1824 kWh | 608 kWh | £506 | £61 | £566 | £13,104 | 23.1 yrs | £-1,776 |
| 4 kW | 3243 kWh | 2432 kWh | 811 kWh | £674 | £81 | £755 | £15,138 | 20.0 yrs | £-34 |
| 5 kW | 4053 kWh | 3040 kWh | 1013 kWh | £843 | £101 | £944 | £17,173 | 18.2 yrs | £1,707 |
| 6 kW | 4864 kWh | 3648 kWh | 1216 kWh | £1,011 | £122 | £1,133 | £19,207 | 17.0 yrs | £3,448 |
| 7 kW | 5674 kWh | 4256 kWh | 1419 kWh | £1,180 | £142 | £1,322 | £21,242 | 16.1 yrs | £5,190 |
| 8 kW | 6485 kWh | 4864 kWh | 1621 kWh | £1,348 | £162 | £1,510 | £23,276 | 15.4 yrs | £6,931 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £958, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1621 kWh | 1248 kWh | 373 kWh | £346 | £37 | £383 | £13,519 | 35.3 yrs | £-5,852 |
| 3 kW | 2432 kWh | 1873 kWh | 559 kWh | £519 | £56 | £575 | £15,554 | 27.0 yrs | £-4,053 |
| 4 kW | 3243 kWh | 2497 kWh | 746 kWh | £692 | £75 | £767 | £17,588 | 22.9 yrs | £-2,255 |
| 5 kW | 4053 kWh | 3121 kWh | 932 kWh | £865 | £93 | £958 | £19,623 | 20.5 yrs | £-456 |
| 6 kW | 4864 kWh | 3745 kWh | 1119 kWh | £1,038 | £112 | £1,150 | £21,657 | 18.8 yrs | £1,343 |
| 7 kW | 5674 kWh | 4369 kWh | 1305 kWh | £1,211 | £131 | £1,342 | £23,692 | 17.7 yrs | £3,142 |
| 8 kW | 6485 kWh | 4993 kWh | 1492 kWh | £1,384 | £149 | £1,533 | £25,726 | 16.8 yrs | £4,941 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.