A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 922 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £788, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1844 kWh | 737 kWh | 1106 kWh | £204 | £111 | £315 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,232 |
| 3 kW | 2765 kWh | 1106 kWh | 1659 kWh | £307 | £166 | £473 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,348 |
| 4 kW | 3687 kWh | 1475 kWh | 2212 kWh | £409 | £221 | £630 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,464 |
| 5 kW | 4609 kWh | 1844 kWh | 2765 kWh | £511 | £277 | £788 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,580 |
| 6 kW | 5531 kWh | 2212 kWh | 3319 kWh | £613 | £332 | £945 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,696 |
| 7 kW | 6453 kWh | 2581 kWh | 3872 kWh | £715 | £387 | £1,103 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,812 |
| 8 kW | 7375 kWh | 2950 kWh | 4425 kWh | £818 | £442 | £1,260 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £8,927 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £951, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1844 kWh | 1106 kWh | 737 kWh | £307 | £74 | £380 | £6,169 | 16.2 yrs | £1,439 |
| 3 kW | 2765 kWh | 1659 kWh | 1106 kWh | £460 | £111 | £571 | £8,204 | 14.4 yrs | £3,208 |
| 4 kW | 3687 kWh | 2212 kWh | 1475 kWh | £613 | £147 | £761 | £10,238 | 13.5 yrs | £4,977 |
| 5 kW | 4609 kWh | 2765 kWh | 1844 kWh | £767 | £184 | £951 | £12,273 | 12.9 yrs | £6,747 |
| 6 kW | 5531 kWh | 3319 kWh | 2212 kWh | £920 | £221 | £1,141 | £14,307 | 12.5 yrs | £8,516 |
| 7 kW | 6453 kWh | 3872 kWh | 2581 kWh | £1,073 | £258 | £1,331 | £16,342 | 12.3 yrs | £10,285 |
| 8 kW | 7375 kWh | 4425 kWh | 2950 kWh | £1,227 | £295 | £1,522 | £18,376 | 12.1 yrs | £12,055 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,033, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1844 kWh | 1291 kWh | 553 kWh | £358 | £55 | £413 | £7,569 | 18.3 yrs | £692 |
| 3 kW | 2765 kWh | 1936 kWh | 830 kWh | £537 | £83 | £620 | £9,604 | 15.5 yrs | £2,788 |
| 4 kW | 3687 kWh | 2581 kWh | 1106 kWh | £715 | £111 | £826 | £11,638 | 14.1 yrs | £4,884 |
| 5 kW | 4609 kWh | 3226 kWh | 1383 kWh | £894 | £138 | £1,033 | £13,673 | 13.2 yrs | £6,980 |
| 6 kW | 5531 kWh | 3872 kWh | 1659 kWh | £1,073 | £166 | £1,239 | £15,707 | 12.7 yrs | £9,076 |
| 7 kW | 6453 kWh | 4517 kWh | 1936 kWh | £1,252 | £194 | £1,446 | £17,742 | 12.3 yrs | £11,172 |
| 8 kW | 7375 kWh | 5162 kWh | 2212 kWh | £1,431 | £221 | £1,652 | £19,776 | 12.0 yrs | £13,268 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,057, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1844 kWh | 1346 kWh | 498 kWh | £373 | £50 | £423 | £9,319 | 22.0 yrs | £-862 |
| 3 kW | 2765 kWh | 2019 kWh | 747 kWh | £560 | £75 | £634 | £11,354 | 17.9 yrs | £1,332 |
| 4 kW | 3687 kWh | 2692 kWh | 996 kWh | £746 | £100 | £846 | £13,388 | 15.8 yrs | £3,526 |
| 5 kW | 4609 kWh | 3365 kWh | 1244 kWh | £933 | £124 | £1,057 | £15,423 | 14.6 yrs | £5,720 |
| 6 kW | 5531 kWh | 4038 kWh | 1493 kWh | £1,119 | £149 | £1,269 | £17,457 | 13.8 yrs | £7,914 |
| 7 kW | 6453 kWh | 4711 kWh | 1742 kWh | £1,306 | £174 | £1,480 | £19,492 | 13.2 yrs | £10,108 |
| 8 kW | 7375 kWh | 5383 kWh | 1991 kWh | £1,492 | £199 | £1,691 | £21,526 | 12.7 yrs | £12,302 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,073, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1844 kWh | 1383 kWh | 461 kWh | £383 | £46 | £429 | £11,069 | 25.8 yrs | £-2,481 |
| 3 kW | 2765 kWh | 2074 kWh | 691 kWh | £575 | £69 | £644 | £13,104 | 20.3 yrs | £-222 |
| 4 kW | 3687 kWh | 2765 kWh | 922 kWh | £767 | £92 | £859 | £15,138 | 17.6 yrs | £2,037 |
| 5 kW | 4609 kWh | 3457 kWh | 1152 kWh | £958 | £115 | £1,073 | £17,173 | 16.0 yrs | £4,297 |
| 6 kW | 5531 kWh | 4148 kWh | 1383 kWh | £1,150 | £138 | £1,288 | £19,207 | 14.9 yrs | £6,556 |
| 7 kW | 6453 kWh | 4840 kWh | 1613 kWh | £1,342 | £161 | £1,503 | £21,242 | 14.1 yrs | £8,816 |
| 8 kW | 7375 kWh | 5531 kWh | 1844 kWh | £1,533 | £184 | £1,718 | £23,276 | 13.6 yrs | £11,075 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,090, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1844 kWh | 1420 kWh | 424 kWh | £394 | £42 | £436 | £13,519 | 31.0 yrs | £-4,801 |
| 3 kW | 2765 kWh | 2129 kWh | 636 kWh | £590 | £64 | £654 | £15,554 | 23.8 yrs | £-2,476 |
| 4 kW | 3687 kWh | 2839 kWh | 848 kWh | £787 | £85 | £872 | £17,588 | 20.2 yrs | £-151 |
| 5 kW | 4609 kWh | 3549 kWh | 1060 kWh | £984 | £106 | £1,090 | £19,623 | 18.0 yrs | £2,174 |
| 6 kW | 5531 kWh | 4259 kWh | 1272 kWh | £1,181 | £127 | £1,308 | £21,657 | 16.6 yrs | £4,498 |
| 7 kW | 6453 kWh | 4969 kWh | 1484 kWh | £1,377 | £148 | £1,526 | £23,692 | 15.5 yrs | £6,823 |
| 8 kW | 7375 kWh | 5678 kWh | 1696 kWh | £1,574 | £170 | £1,744 | £25,726 | 14.8 yrs | £9,148 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.