A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 921 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £787, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1842 kWh | 737 kWh | 1105 kWh | £204 | £110 | £315 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,225 |
| 3 kW | 2762 kWh | 1105 kWh | 1657 kWh | £306 | £166 | £472 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,337 |
| 4 kW | 3683 kWh | 1473 kWh | 2210 kWh | £408 | £221 | £629 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,450 |
| 5 kW | 4604 kWh | 1842 kWh | 2762 kWh | £511 | £276 | £787 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,562 |
| 6 kW | 5525 kWh | 2210 kWh | 3315 kWh | £613 | £331 | £944 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,675 |
| 7 kW | 6446 kWh | 2578 kWh | 3867 kWh | £715 | £387 | £1,101 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,787 |
| 8 kW | 7367 kWh | 2947 kWh | 4420 kWh | £817 | £442 | £1,259 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £8,900 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £950, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1842 kWh | 1105 kWh | 737 kWh | £306 | £74 | £380 | £6,169 | 16.2 yrs | £1,430 |
| 3 kW | 2762 kWh | 1657 kWh | 1105 kWh | £459 | £110 | £570 | £8,204 | 14.4 yrs | £3,195 |
| 4 kW | 3683 kWh | 2210 kWh | 1473 kWh | £613 | £147 | £760 | £10,238 | 13.5 yrs | £4,961 |
| 5 kW | 4604 kWh | 2762 kWh | 1842 kWh | £766 | £184 | £950 | £12,273 | 12.9 yrs | £6,726 |
| 6 kW | 5525 kWh | 3315 kWh | 2210 kWh | £919 | £221 | £1,140 | £14,307 | 12.6 yrs | £8,491 |
| 7 kW | 6446 kWh | 3867 kWh | 2578 kWh | £1,072 | £258 | £1,330 | £16,342 | 12.3 yrs | £10,256 |
| 8 kW | 7367 kWh | 4420 kWh | 2947 kWh | £1,225 | £295 | £1,520 | £18,376 | 12.1 yrs | £12,021 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,032, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1842 kWh | 1289 kWh | 552 kWh | £357 | £55 | £413 | £7,569 | 18.3 yrs | £683 |
| 3 kW | 2762 kWh | 1934 kWh | 829 kWh | £536 | £83 | £619 | £9,604 | 15.5 yrs | £2,775 |
| 4 kW | 3683 kWh | 2578 kWh | 1105 kWh | £715 | £110 | £825 | £11,638 | 14.1 yrs | £4,866 |
| 5 kW | 4604 kWh | 3223 kWh | 1381 kWh | £893 | £138 | £1,032 | £13,673 | 13.3 yrs | £6,958 |
| 6 kW | 5525 kWh | 3867 kWh | 1657 kWh | £1,072 | £166 | £1,238 | £15,707 | 12.7 yrs | £9,049 |
| 7 kW | 6446 kWh | 4512 kWh | 1934 kWh | £1,251 | £193 | £1,444 | £17,742 | 12.3 yrs | £11,141 |
| 8 kW | 7367 kWh | 5157 kWh | 2210 kWh | £1,429 | £221 | £1,650 | £19,776 | 12.0 yrs | £13,232 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,056, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1842 kWh | 1344 kWh | 497 kWh | £373 | £50 | £422 | £9,319 | 22.1 yrs | £-871 |
| 3 kW | 2762 kWh | 2017 kWh | 746 kWh | £559 | £75 | £634 | £11,354 | 17.9 yrs | £1,318 |
| 4 kW | 3683 kWh | 2689 kWh | 994 kWh | £745 | £99 | £845 | £13,388 | 15.8 yrs | £3,508 |
| 5 kW | 4604 kWh | 3361 kWh | 1243 kWh | £932 | £124 | £1,056 | £15,423 | 14.6 yrs | £5,697 |
| 6 kW | 5525 kWh | 4033 kWh | 1492 kWh | £1,118 | £149 | £1,267 | £17,457 | 13.8 yrs | £7,886 |
| 7 kW | 6446 kWh | 4705 kWh | 1740 kWh | £1,304 | £174 | £1,478 | £19,492 | 13.2 yrs | £10,076 |
| 8 kW | 7367 kWh | 5378 kWh | 1989 kWh | £1,491 | £199 | £1,690 | £21,526 | 12.7 yrs | £12,265 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,072, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1842 kWh | 1381 kWh | 460 kWh | £383 | £46 | £429 | £11,069 | 25.8 yrs | £-2,491 |
| 3 kW | 2762 kWh | 2072 kWh | 691 kWh | £574 | £69 | £643 | £13,104 | 20.4 yrs | £-236 |
| 4 kW | 3683 kWh | 2762 kWh | 921 kWh | £766 | £92 | £858 | £15,138 | 17.6 yrs | £2,019 |
| 5 kW | 4604 kWh | 3453 kWh | 1151 kWh | £957 | £115 | £1,072 | £17,173 | 16.0 yrs | £4,273 |
| 6 kW | 5525 kWh | 4144 kWh | 1381 kWh | £1,149 | £138 | £1,287 | £19,207 | 14.9 yrs | £6,528 |
| 7 kW | 6446 kWh | 4834 kWh | 1611 kWh | £1,340 | £161 | £1,501 | £21,242 | 14.1 yrs | £8,783 |
| 8 kW | 7367 kWh | 5525 kWh | 1842 kWh | £1,532 | £184 | £1,716 | £23,276 | 13.6 yrs | £11,037 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,089, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1842 kWh | 1418 kWh | 424 kWh | £393 | £42 | £435 | £13,519 | 31.0 yrs | £-4,810 |
| 3 kW | 2762 kWh | 2127 kWh | 635 kWh | £590 | £64 | £653 | £15,554 | 23.8 yrs | £-2,490 |
| 4 kW | 3683 kWh | 2836 kWh | 847 kWh | £786 | £85 | £871 | £17,588 | 20.2 yrs | £-170 |
| 5 kW | 4604 kWh | 3545 kWh | 1059 kWh | £983 | £106 | £1,089 | £19,623 | 18.0 yrs | £2,150 |
| 6 kW | 5525 kWh | 4254 kWh | 1271 kWh | £1,179 | £127 | £1,306 | £21,657 | 16.6 yrs | £4,470 |
| 7 kW | 6446 kWh | 4963 kWh | 1483 kWh | £1,376 | £148 | £1,524 | £23,692 | 15.5 yrs | £6,790 |
| 8 kW | 7367 kWh | 5672 kWh | 1694 kWh | £1,572 | £169 | £1,742 | £25,726 | 14.8 yrs | £9,109 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.