A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 770 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £647, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1539 kWh | 616 kWh | 923 kWh | £167 | £92 | £259 | £4,069 | 15.7 yrs | £1,110 |
| 3 kW | 2309 kWh | 923 kWh | 1385 kWh | £250 | £139 | £388 | £6,104 | 15.7 yrs | £1,665 |
| 4 kW | 3078 kWh | 1231 kWh | 1847 kWh | £333 | £185 | £518 | £8,138 | 15.7 yrs | £2,220 |
| 5 kW | 3848 kWh | 1539 kWh | 2309 kWh | £416 | £231 | £647 | £10,173 | 15.7 yrs | £2,775 |
| 6 kW | 4617 kWh | 1847 kWh | 2770 kWh | £500 | £277 | £777 | £12,207 | 15.7 yrs | £3,330 |
| 7 kW | 5387 kWh | 2155 kWh | 3232 kWh | £583 | £323 | £906 | £14,242 | 15.7 yrs | £3,885 |
| 8 kW | 6157 kWh | 2463 kWh | 3694 kWh | £666 | £369 | £1,036 | £16,276 | 15.7 yrs | £4,440 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £779, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1539 kWh | 923 kWh | 616 kWh | £250 | £62 | £311 | £6,169 | 19.8 yrs | £60 |
| 3 kW | 2309 kWh | 1385 kWh | 923 kWh | £375 | £92 | £467 | £8,204 | 17.6 yrs | £1,140 |
| 4 kW | 3078 kWh | 1847 kWh | 1231 kWh | £500 | £123 | £623 | £10,238 | 16.4 yrs | £2,221 |
| 5 kW | 3848 kWh | 2309 kWh | 1539 kWh | £625 | £154 | £779 | £12,273 | 15.8 yrs | £3,301 |
| 6 kW | 4617 kWh | 2770 kWh | 1847 kWh | £750 | £185 | £934 | £14,307 | 15.3 yrs | £4,381 |
| 7 kW | 5387 kWh | 3232 kWh | 2155 kWh | £875 | £215 | £1,090 | £16,342 | 15.0 yrs | £5,461 |
| 8 kW | 6157 kWh | 3694 kWh | 2463 kWh | £1,000 | £246 | £1,246 | £18,376 | 14.7 yrs | £6,541 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £844, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 16.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1539 kWh | 1077 kWh | 462 kWh | £292 | £46 | £338 | £7,569 | 22.4 yrs | £-815 |
| 3 kW | 2309 kWh | 1616 kWh | 693 kWh | £437 | £69 | £507 | £9,604 | 19.0 yrs | £528 |
| 4 kW | 3078 kWh | 2155 kWh | 923 kWh | £583 | £92 | £675 | £11,638 | 17.2 yrs | £1,871 |
| 5 kW | 3848 kWh | 2694 kWh | 1154 kWh | £729 | £115 | £844 | £13,673 | 16.2 yrs | £3,214 |
| 6 kW | 4617 kWh | 3232 kWh | 1385 kWh | £875 | £139 | £1,013 | £15,707 | 15.5 yrs | £4,556 |
| 7 kW | 5387 kWh | 3771 kWh | 1616 kWh | £1,020 | £162 | £1,182 | £17,742 | 15.0 yrs | £5,899 |
| 8 kW | 6157 kWh | 4310 kWh | 1847 kWh | £1,166 | £185 | £1,351 | £19,776 | 14.6 yrs | £7,242 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £864, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1539 kWh | 1124 kWh | 416 kWh | £304 | £42 | £346 | £9,319 | 27.0 yrs | £-2,407 |
| 3 kW | 2309 kWh | 1685 kWh | 623 kWh | £456 | £62 | £518 | £11,354 | 21.9 yrs | £-986 |
| 4 kW | 3078 kWh | 2247 kWh | 831 kWh | £608 | £83 | £691 | £13,388 | 19.4 yrs | £436 |
| 5 kW | 3848 kWh | 2809 kWh | 1039 kWh | £760 | £104 | £864 | £15,423 | 17.9 yrs | £1,857 |
| 6 kW | 4617 kWh | 3371 kWh | 1247 kWh | £912 | £125 | £1,037 | £17,457 | 16.8 yrs | £3,279 |
| 7 kW | 5387 kWh | 3933 kWh | 1455 kWh | £1,064 | £145 | £1,210 | £19,492 | 16.1 yrs | £4,700 |
| 8 kW | 6157 kWh | 4494 kWh | 1662 kWh | £1,216 | £166 | £1,382 | £21,526 | 15.6 yrs | £6,122 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £877, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 19.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1539 kWh | 1154 kWh | 385 kWh | £312 | £38 | £351 | £11,069 | 31.5 yrs | £-4,052 |
| 3 kW | 2309 kWh | 1732 kWh | 577 kWh | £469 | £58 | £526 | £13,104 | 24.9 yrs | £-2,578 |
| 4 kW | 3078 kWh | 2309 kWh | 770 kWh | £625 | £77 | £702 | £15,138 | 21.6 yrs | £-1,104 |
| 5 kW | 3848 kWh | 2886 kWh | 962 kWh | £781 | £96 | £877 | £17,173 | 19.6 yrs | £370 |
| 6 kW | 4617 kWh | 3463 kWh | 1154 kWh | £937 | £115 | £1,053 | £19,207 | 18.2 yrs | £1,844 |
| 7 kW | 5387 kWh | 4040 kWh | 1347 kWh | £1,093 | £135 | £1,228 | £21,242 | 17.3 yrs | £3,318 |
| 8 kW | 6157 kWh | 4617 kWh | 1539 kWh | £1,249 | £154 | £1,403 | £23,276 | 16.6 yrs | £4,792 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £890, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 22.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1539 kWh | 1185 kWh | 354 kWh | £321 | £35 | £356 | £13,519 | 38.0 yrs | £-6,397 |
| 3 kW | 2309 kWh | 1778 kWh | 531 kWh | £481 | £53 | £534 | £15,554 | 29.1 yrs | £-4,870 |
| 4 kW | 3078 kWh | 2370 kWh | 708 kWh | £641 | £71 | £712 | £17,588 | 24.7 yrs | £-3,344 |
| 5 kW | 3848 kWh | 2963 kWh | 885 kWh | £802 | £89 | £890 | £19,623 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,817 |
| 6 kW | 4617 kWh | 3555 kWh | 1062 kWh | £962 | £106 | £1,068 | £21,657 | 20.3 yrs | £-291 |
| 7 kW | 5387 kWh | 4148 kWh | 1239 kWh | £1,122 | £124 | £1,246 | £23,692 | 19.0 yrs | £1,236 |
| 8 kW | 6157 kWh | 4741 kWh | 1416 kWh | £1,283 | £142 | £1,424 | £25,726 | 18.1 yrs | £2,762 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.