A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 822 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £692, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1644 kWh | 658 kWh | 987 kWh | £178 | £99 | £277 | £4,069 | 14.7 yrs | £1,464 |
| 3 kW | 2467 kWh | 987 kWh | 1480 kWh | £267 | £148 | £415 | £6,104 | 14.7 yrs | £2,196 |
| 4 kW | 3289 kWh | 1316 kWh | 1973 kWh | £356 | £197 | £553 | £8,138 | 14.7 yrs | £2,929 |
| 5 kW | 4111 kWh | 1644 kWh | 2467 kWh | £445 | £247 | £692 | £10,173 | 14.7 yrs | £3,661 |
| 6 kW | 4933 kWh | 1973 kWh | 2960 kWh | £534 | £296 | £830 | £12,207 | 14.7 yrs | £4,393 |
| 7 kW | 5756 kWh | 2302 kWh | 3453 kWh | £623 | £345 | £968 | £14,242 | 14.7 yrs | £5,125 |
| 8 kW | 6578 kWh | 2631 kWh | 3947 kWh | £712 | £395 | £1,107 | £16,276 | 14.7 yrs | £5,857 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £832, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1644 kWh | 987 kWh | 658 kWh | £267 | £66 | £333 | £6,169 | 18.5 yrs | £487 |
| 3 kW | 2467 kWh | 1480 kWh | 987 kWh | £400 | £99 | £499 | £8,204 | 16.4 yrs | £1,780 |
| 4 kW | 3289 kWh | 1973 kWh | 1316 kWh | £534 | £132 | £666 | £10,238 | 15.4 yrs | £3,073 |
| 5 kW | 4111 kWh | 2467 kWh | 1644 kWh | £667 | £164 | £832 | £12,273 | 14.8 yrs | £4,366 |
| 6 kW | 4933 kWh | 2960 kWh | 1973 kWh | £801 | £197 | £998 | £14,307 | 14.3 yrs | £5,660 |
| 7 kW | 5756 kWh | 3453 kWh | 2302 kWh | £934 | £230 | £1,165 | £16,342 | 14.0 yrs | £6,953 |
| 8 kW | 6578 kWh | 3947 kWh | 2631 kWh | £1,068 | £263 | £1,331 | £18,376 | 13.8 yrs | £8,246 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £902, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1644 kWh | 1151 kWh | 493 kWh | £311 | £49 | £361 | £7,569 | 21.0 yrs | £-352 |
| 3 kW | 2467 kWh | 1727 kWh | 740 kWh | £467 | £74 | £541 | £9,604 | 17.7 yrs | £1,221 |
| 4 kW | 3289 kWh | 2302 kWh | 987 kWh | £623 | £99 | £722 | £11,638 | 16.1 yrs | £2,795 |
| 5 kW | 4111 kWh | 2878 kWh | 1233 kWh | £779 | £123 | £902 | £13,673 | 15.2 yrs | £4,369 |
| 6 kW | 4933 kWh | 3453 kWh | 1480 kWh | £934 | £148 | £1,082 | £15,707 | 14.5 yrs | £5,943 |
| 7 kW | 5756 kWh | 4029 kWh | 1727 kWh | £1,090 | £173 | £1,263 | £17,742 | 14.0 yrs | £7,517 |
| 8 kW | 6578 kWh | 4605 kWh | 1973 kWh | £1,246 | £197 | £1,443 | £19,776 | 13.7 yrs | £9,090 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £923, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1644 kWh | 1200 kWh | 444 kWh | £325 | £44 | £369 | £9,319 | 25.2 yrs | £-1,934 |
| 3 kW | 2467 kWh | 1801 kWh | 666 kWh | £487 | £67 | £554 | £11,354 | 20.5 yrs | £-276 |
| 4 kW | 3289 kWh | 2401 kWh | 888 kWh | £650 | £89 | £738 | £13,388 | 18.1 yrs | £1,382 |
| 5 kW | 4111 kWh | 3001 kWh | 1110 kWh | £812 | £111 | £923 | £15,423 | 16.7 yrs | £3,040 |
| 6 kW | 4933 kWh | 3601 kWh | 1332 kWh | £975 | £133 | £1,108 | £17,457 | 15.8 yrs | £4,698 |
| 7 kW | 5756 kWh | 4202 kWh | 1554 kWh | £1,137 | £155 | £1,292 | £19,492 | 15.1 yrs | £6,356 |
| 8 kW | 6578 kWh | 4802 kWh | 1776 kWh | £1,299 | £178 | £1,477 | £21,526 | 14.6 yrs | £8,014 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £937, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1644 kWh | 1233 kWh | 411 kWh | £334 | £41 | £375 | £11,069 | 29.5 yrs | £-3,572 |
| 3 kW | 2467 kWh | 1850 kWh | 617 kWh | £501 | £62 | £562 | £13,104 | 23.3 yrs | £-1,858 |
| 4 kW | 3289 kWh | 2467 kWh | 822 kWh | £667 | £82 | £750 | £15,138 | 20.2 yrs | £-144 |
| 5 kW | 4111 kWh | 3083 kWh | 1028 kWh | £834 | £103 | £937 | £17,173 | 18.3 yrs | £1,570 |
| 6 kW | 4933 kWh | 3700 kWh | 1233 kWh | £1,001 | £123 | £1,125 | £19,207 | 17.1 yrs | £3,284 |
| 7 kW | 5756 kWh | 4317 kWh | 1439 kWh | £1,168 | £144 | £1,312 | £21,242 | 16.2 yrs | £4,999 |
| 8 kW | 6578 kWh | 4933 kWh | 1644 kWh | £1,335 | £164 | £1,499 | £23,276 | 15.5 yrs | £6,713 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £951, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1644 kWh | 1266 kWh | 378 kWh | £343 | £38 | £380 | £13,519 | 35.5 yrs | £-5,910 |
| 3 kW | 2467 kWh | 1899 kWh | 567 kWh | £514 | £57 | £571 | £15,554 | 27.3 yrs | £-4,139 |
| 4 kW | 3289 kWh | 2532 kWh | 756 kWh | £685 | £76 | £761 | £17,588 | 23.1 yrs | £-2,369 |
| 5 kW | 4111 kWh | 3166 kWh | 946 kWh | £857 | £95 | £951 | £19,623 | 20.6 yrs | £-599 |
| 6 kW | 4933 kWh | 3799 kWh | 1135 kWh | £1,028 | £113 | £1,141 | £21,657 | 19.0 yrs | £1,171 |
| 7 kW | 5756 kWh | 4432 kWh | 1324 kWh | £1,199 | £132 | £1,332 | £23,692 | 17.8 yrs | £2,941 |
| 8 kW | 6578 kWh | 5065 kWh | 1513 kWh | £1,371 | £151 | £1,522 | £25,726 | 16.9 yrs | £4,712 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.