A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 857 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £721, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1714 kWh | 686 kWh | 1028 kWh | £185 | £103 | £288 | £4,069 | 14.1 yrs | £1,698 |
| 3 kW | 2571 kWh | 1028 kWh | 1542 kWh | £278 | £154 | £432 | £6,104 | 14.1 yrs | £2,546 |
| 4 kW | 3428 kWh | 1371 kWh | 2057 kWh | £371 | £206 | £577 | £8,138 | 14.1 yrs | £3,395 |
| 5 kW | 4284 kWh | 1714 kWh | 2571 kWh | £464 | £257 | £721 | £10,173 | 14.1 yrs | £4,244 |
| 6 kW | 5141 kWh | 2057 kWh | 3085 kWh | £556 | £308 | £865 | £12,207 | 14.1 yrs | £5,093 |
| 7 kW | 5998 kWh | 2399 kWh | 3599 kWh | £649 | £360 | £1,009 | £14,242 | 14.1 yrs | £5,941 |
| 8 kW | 6855 kWh | 2742 kWh | 4113 kWh | £742 | £411 | £1,153 | £16,276 | 14.1 yrs | £6,790 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £867, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1714 kWh | 1028 kWh | 686 kWh | £278 | £69 | £347 | £6,169 | 17.8 yrs | £767 |
| 3 kW | 2571 kWh | 1542 kWh | 1028 kWh | £417 | £103 | £520 | £8,204 | 15.8 yrs | £2,200 |
| 4 kW | 3428 kWh | 2057 kWh | 1371 kWh | £556 | £137 | £694 | £10,238 | 14.8 yrs | £3,634 |
| 5 kW | 4284 kWh | 2571 kWh | 1714 kWh | £696 | £171 | £867 | £12,273 | 14.2 yrs | £5,067 |
| 6 kW | 5141 kWh | 3085 kWh | 2057 kWh | £835 | £206 | £1,040 | £14,307 | 13.8 yrs | £6,501 |
| 7 kW | 5998 kWh | 3599 kWh | 2399 kWh | £974 | £240 | £1,214 | £16,342 | 13.5 yrs | £7,934 |
| 8 kW | 6855 kWh | 4113 kWh | 2742 kWh | £1,113 | £274 | £1,387 | £18,376 | 13.2 yrs | £9,368 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £940, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1714 kWh | 1200 kWh | 514 kWh | £325 | £51 | £376 | £7,569 | 20.1 yrs | £-48 |
| 3 kW | 2571 kWh | 1799 kWh | 771 kWh | £487 | £77 | £564 | £9,604 | 17.0 yrs | £1,678 |
| 4 kW | 3428 kWh | 2399 kWh | 1028 kWh | £649 | £103 | £752 | £11,638 | 15.5 yrs | £3,403 |
| 5 kW | 4284 kWh | 2999 kWh | 1285 kWh | £812 | £129 | £940 | £13,673 | 14.5 yrs | £5,129 |
| 6 kW | 5141 kWh | 3599 kWh | 1542 kWh | £974 | £154 | £1,128 | £15,707 | 13.9 yrs | £6,855 |
| 7 kW | 5998 kWh | 4199 kWh | 1799 kWh | £1,136 | £180 | £1,316 | £17,742 | 13.5 yrs | £8,581 |
| 8 kW | 6855 kWh | 4799 kWh | 2057 kWh | £1,298 | £206 | £1,504 | £19,776 | 13.1 yrs | £10,307 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £962, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1714 kWh | 1251 kWh | 463 kWh | £339 | £46 | £385 | £9,319 | 24.2 yrs | £-1,623 |
| 3 kW | 2571 kWh | 1877 kWh | 694 kWh | £508 | £69 | £577 | £11,354 | 19.7 yrs | £191 |
| 4 kW | 3428 kWh | 2502 kWh | 925 kWh | £677 | £93 | £770 | £13,388 | 17.4 yrs | £2,004 |
| 5 kW | 4284 kWh | 3128 kWh | 1157 kWh | £846 | £116 | £962 | £15,423 | 16.0 yrs | £3,818 |
| 6 kW | 5141 kWh | 3753 kWh | 1388 kWh | £1,016 | £139 | £1,154 | £17,457 | 15.1 yrs | £5,631 |
| 7 kW | 5998 kWh | 4379 kWh | 1620 kWh | £1,185 | £162 | £1,347 | £19,492 | 14.5 yrs | £7,445 |
| 8 kW | 6855 kWh | 5004 kWh | 1851 kWh | £1,354 | £185 | £1,539 | £21,526 | 14.0 yrs | £9,259 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £977, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1714 kWh | 1285 kWh | 428 kWh | £348 | £43 | £391 | £11,069 | 28.3 yrs | £-3,256 |
| 3 kW | 2571 kWh | 1928 kWh | 643 kWh | £522 | £64 | £586 | £13,104 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,384 |
| 4 kW | 3428 kWh | 2571 kWh | 857 kWh | £696 | £86 | £781 | £15,138 | 19.4 yrs | £488 |
| 5 kW | 4284 kWh | 3213 kWh | 1071 kWh | £870 | £107 | £977 | £17,173 | 17.6 yrs | £2,360 |
| 6 kW | 5141 kWh | 3856 kWh | 1285 kWh | £1,043 | £129 | £1,172 | £19,207 | 16.4 yrs | £4,232 |
| 7 kW | 5998 kWh | 4499 kWh | 1500 kWh | £1,217 | £150 | £1,367 | £21,242 | 15.5 yrs | £6,104 |
| 8 kW | 6855 kWh | 5141 kWh | 1714 kWh | £1,391 | £171 | £1,563 | £23,276 | 14.9 yrs | £7,976 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £991, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1714 kWh | 1320 kWh | 394 kWh | £357 | £39 | £397 | £13,519 | 34.1 yrs | £-5,589 |
| 3 kW | 2571 kWh | 1979 kWh | 591 kWh | £536 | £59 | £595 | £15,554 | 26.2 yrs | £-3,658 |
| 4 kW | 3428 kWh | 2639 kWh | 788 kWh | £714 | £79 | £793 | £17,588 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,728 |
| 5 kW | 4284 kWh | 3299 kWh | 985 kWh | £893 | £99 | £991 | £19,623 | 19.8 yrs | £203 |
| 6 kW | 5141 kWh | 3959 kWh | 1183 kWh | £1,071 | £118 | £1,190 | £21,657 | 18.2 yrs | £2,133 |
| 7 kW | 5998 kWh | 4619 kWh | 1380 kWh | £1,250 | £138 | £1,388 | £23,692 | 17.1 yrs | £4,064 |
| 8 kW | 6855 kWh | 5278 kWh | 1577 kWh | £1,428 | £158 | £1,586 | £25,726 | 16.2 yrs | £5,994 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.