A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 978 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £793, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1957 kWh | 783 kWh | 1174 kWh | £200 | £117 | £317 | £4,069 | 12.8 yrs | £2,279 |
| 3 kW | 2935 kWh | 1174 kWh | 1761 kWh | £300 | £176 | £476 | £6,104 | 12.8 yrs | £3,418 |
| 4 kW | 3914 kWh | 1565 kWh | 2348 kWh | £400 | £235 | £635 | £8,138 | 12.8 yrs | £4,558 |
| 5 kW | 4892 kWh | 1957 kWh | 2935 kWh | £500 | £294 | £793 | £10,173 | 12.8 yrs | £5,697 |
| 6 kW | 5870 kWh | 2348 kWh | 3522 kWh | £600 | £352 | £952 | £12,207 | 12.8 yrs | £6,837 |
| 7 kW | 6849 kWh | 2740 kWh | 4109 kWh | £700 | £411 | £1,111 | £14,242 | 12.8 yrs | £7,976 |
| 8 kW | 7827 kWh | 3131 kWh | 4696 kWh | £800 | £470 | £1,270 | £16,276 | 12.8 yrs | £9,115 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £946, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1957 kWh | 1174 kWh | 783 kWh | £300 | £78 | £378 | £6,169 | 16.3 yrs | £1,396 |
| 3 kW | 2935 kWh | 1761 kWh | 1174 kWh | £450 | £117 | £567 | £8,204 | 14.5 yrs | £3,144 |
| 4 kW | 3914 kWh | 2348 kWh | 1565 kWh | £600 | £157 | £756 | £10,238 | 13.5 yrs | £4,892 |
| 5 kW | 4892 kWh | 2935 kWh | 1957 kWh | £750 | £196 | £946 | £12,273 | 13.0 yrs | £6,640 |
| 6 kW | 5870 kWh | 3522 kWh | 2348 kWh | £900 | £235 | £1,135 | £14,307 | 12.6 yrs | £8,388 |
| 7 kW | 6849 kWh | 4109 kWh | 2740 kWh | £1,050 | £274 | £1,324 | £16,342 | 12.3 yrs | £10,136 |
| 8 kW | 7827 kWh | 4696 kWh | 3131 kWh | £1,200 | £313 | £1,513 | £18,376 | 12.1 yrs | £11,884 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,022, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1957 kWh | 1370 kWh | 587 kWh | £350 | £59 | £409 | £7,569 | 18.5 yrs | £605 |
| 3 kW | 2935 kWh | 2055 kWh | 881 kWh | £525 | £88 | £613 | £9,604 | 15.7 yrs | £2,657 |
| 4 kW | 3914 kWh | 2740 kWh | 1174 kWh | £700 | £117 | £817 | £11,638 | 14.2 yrs | £4,709 |
| 5 kW | 4892 kWh | 3424 kWh | 1468 kWh | £875 | £147 | £1,022 | £13,673 | 13.4 yrs | £6,761 |
| 6 kW | 5870 kWh | 4109 kWh | 1761 kWh | £1,050 | £176 | £1,226 | £15,707 | 12.8 yrs | £8,814 |
| 7 kW | 6849 kWh | 4794 kWh | 2055 kWh | £1,225 | £205 | £1,430 | £17,742 | 12.4 yrs | £10,866 |
| 8 kW | 7827 kWh | 5479 kWh | 2348 kWh | £1,400 | £235 | £1,635 | £19,776 | 12.1 yrs | £12,918 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,045, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1957 kWh | 1428 kWh | 528 kWh | £365 | £53 | £418 | £9,319 | 22.3 yrs | £-963 |
| 3 kW | 2935 kWh | 2143 kWh | 793 kWh | £547 | £79 | £627 | £11,354 | 18.1 yrs | £1,181 |
| 4 kW | 3914 kWh | 2857 kWh | 1057 kWh | £730 | £106 | £836 | £13,388 | 16.0 yrs | £3,324 |
| 5 kW | 4892 kWh | 3571 kWh | 1321 kWh | £912 | £132 | £1,045 | £15,423 | 14.8 yrs | £5,468 |
| 6 kW | 5870 kWh | 4285 kWh | 1585 kWh | £1,095 | £159 | £1,253 | £17,457 | 13.9 yrs | £7,611 |
| 7 kW | 6849 kWh | 5000 kWh | 1849 kWh | £1,277 | £185 | £1,462 | £19,492 | 13.3 yrs | £9,755 |
| 8 kW | 7827 kWh | 5714 kWh | 2113 kWh | £1,460 | £211 | £1,671 | £21,526 | 12.9 yrs | £11,898 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,060, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1957 kWh | 1468 kWh | 489 kWh | £375 | £49 | £424 | £11,069 | 26.1 yrs | £-2,591 |
| 3 kW | 2935 kWh | 2201 kWh | 734 kWh | £562 | £73 | £636 | £13,104 | 20.6 yrs | £-387 |
| 4 kW | 3914 kWh | 2935 kWh | 978 kWh | £750 | £98 | £848 | £15,138 | 17.9 yrs | £1,818 |
| 5 kW | 4892 kWh | 3669 kWh | 1223 kWh | £937 | £122 | £1,060 | £17,173 | 16.2 yrs | £4,022 |
| 6 kW | 5870 kWh | 4403 kWh | 1468 kWh | £1,125 | £147 | £1,272 | £19,207 | 15.1 yrs | £6,226 |
| 7 kW | 6849 kWh | 5137 kWh | 1712 kWh | £1,312 | £171 | £1,484 | £21,242 | 14.3 yrs | £8,431 |
| 8 kW | 7827 kWh | 5870 kWh | 1957 kWh | £1,500 | £196 | £1,696 | £23,276 | 13.7 yrs | £10,635 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,075, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1957 kWh | 1507 kWh | 450 kWh | £385 | £45 | £430 | £13,519 | 31.4 yrs | £-4,919 |
| 3 kW | 2935 kWh | 2260 kWh | 675 kWh | £577 | £68 | £645 | £15,554 | 24.1 yrs | £-2,654 |
| 4 kW | 3914 kWh | 3013 kWh | 900 kWh | £770 | £90 | £860 | £17,588 | 20.5 yrs | £-389 |
| 5 kW | 4892 kWh | 3767 kWh | 1125 kWh | £962 | £113 | £1,075 | £19,623 | 18.3 yrs | £1,876 |
| 6 kW | 5870 kWh | 4520 kWh | 1350 kWh | £1,155 | £135 | £1,290 | £21,657 | 16.8 yrs | £4,142 |
| 7 kW | 6849 kWh | 5274 kWh | 1575 kWh | £1,347 | £158 | £1,505 | £23,692 | 15.7 yrs | £6,407 |
| 8 kW | 7827 kWh | 6027 kWh | 1800 kWh | £1,540 | £180 | £1,720 | £25,726 | 15.0 yrs | £8,672 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.