A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1006 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £836, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2013 kWh | 805 kWh | 1208 kWh | £214 | £121 | £334 | £4,069 | 12.2 yrs | £2,618 |
| 3 kW | 3019 kWh | 1208 kWh | 1811 kWh | £320 | £181 | £501 | £6,104 | 12.2 yrs | £3,926 |
| 4 kW | 4025 kWh | 1610 kWh | 2415 kWh | £427 | £242 | £669 | £8,138 | 12.2 yrs | £5,235 |
| 5 kW | 5032 kWh | 2013 kWh | 3019 kWh | £534 | £302 | £836 | £10,173 | 12.2 yrs | £6,544 |
| 6 kW | 6038 kWh | 2415 kWh | 3623 kWh | £641 | £362 | £1,003 | £12,207 | 12.2 yrs | £7,853 |
| 7 kW | 7044 kWh | 2818 kWh | 4226 kWh | £748 | £423 | £1,170 | £14,242 | 12.2 yrs | £9,162 |
| 8 kW | 8050 kWh | 3220 kWh | 4830 kWh | £854 | £483 | £1,337 | £16,276 | 12.2 yrs | £10,471 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,002, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2013 kWh | 1208 kWh | 805 kWh | £320 | £81 | £401 | £6,169 | 15.4 yrs | £1,848 |
| 3 kW | 3019 kWh | 1811 kWh | 1208 kWh | £481 | £121 | £601 | £8,204 | 13.6 yrs | £3,823 |
| 4 kW | 4025 kWh | 2415 kWh | 1610 kWh | £641 | £161 | £802 | £10,238 | 12.8 yrs | £5,797 |
| 5 kW | 5032 kWh | 3019 kWh | 2013 kWh | £801 | £201 | £1,002 | £12,273 | 12.2 yrs | £7,771 |
| 6 kW | 6038 kWh | 3623 kWh | 2415 kWh | £961 | £242 | £1,203 | £14,307 | 11.9 yrs | £9,745 |
| 7 kW | 7044 kWh | 4226 kWh | 2818 kWh | £1,121 | £282 | £1,403 | £16,342 | 11.6 yrs | £11,719 |
| 8 kW | 8050 kWh | 4830 kWh | 3220 kWh | £1,281 | £322 | £1,603 | £18,376 | 11.5 yrs | £13,693 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,085, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2013 kWh | 1409 kWh | 604 kWh | £374 | £60 | £434 | £7,569 | 17.4 yrs | £1,114 |
| 3 kW | 3019 kWh | 2113 kWh | 906 kWh | £561 | £91 | £651 | £9,604 | 14.7 yrs | £3,421 |
| 4 kW | 4025 kWh | 2818 kWh | 1208 kWh | £748 | £121 | £868 | £11,638 | 13.4 yrs | £5,727 |
| 5 kW | 5032 kWh | 3522 kWh | 1509 kWh | £934 | £151 | £1,085 | £13,673 | 12.6 yrs | £8,034 |
| 6 kW | 6038 kWh | 4226 kWh | 1811 kWh | £1,121 | £181 | £1,302 | £15,707 | 12.1 yrs | £10,341 |
| 7 kW | 7044 kWh | 4931 kWh | 2113 kWh | £1,308 | £211 | £1,519 | £17,742 | 11.7 yrs | £12,648 |
| 8 kW | 8050 kWh | 5635 kWh | 2415 kWh | £1,495 | £242 | £1,737 | £19,776 | 11.4 yrs | £14,955 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,110, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2013 kWh | 1469 kWh | 543 kWh | £390 | £54 | £444 | £9,319 | 21.0 yrs | £-437 |
| 3 kW | 3019 kWh | 2204 kWh | 815 kWh | £585 | £82 | £666 | £11,354 | 17.0 yrs | £1,970 |
| 4 kW | 4025 kWh | 2938 kWh | 1087 kWh | £780 | £109 | £888 | £13,388 | 15.1 yrs | £4,377 |
| 5 kW | 5032 kWh | 3673 kWh | 1359 kWh | £974 | £136 | £1,110 | £15,423 | 13.9 yrs | £6,783 |
| 6 kW | 6038 kWh | 4408 kWh | 1630 kWh | £1,169 | £163 | £1,332 | £17,457 | 13.1 yrs | £9,190 |
| 7 kW | 7044 kWh | 5142 kWh | 1902 kWh | £1,364 | £190 | £1,554 | £19,492 | 12.5 yrs | £11,597 |
| 8 kW | 8050 kWh | 5877 kWh | 2174 kWh | £1,559 | £217 | £1,776 | £21,526 | 12.1 yrs | £14,003 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,127, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2013 kWh | 1509 kWh | 503 kWh | £400 | £50 | £451 | £11,069 | 24.6 yrs | £-2,054 |
| 3 kW | 3019 kWh | 2264 kWh | 755 kWh | £601 | £75 | £676 | £13,104 | 19.4 yrs | £420 |
| 4 kW | 4025 kWh | 3019 kWh | 1006 kWh | £801 | £101 | £902 | £15,138 | 16.8 yrs | £2,893 |
| 5 kW | 5032 kWh | 3774 kWh | 1258 kWh | £1,001 | £126 | £1,127 | £17,173 | 15.2 yrs | £5,366 |
| 6 kW | 6038 kWh | 4528 kWh | 1509 kWh | £1,201 | £151 | £1,352 | £19,207 | 14.2 yrs | £7,839 |
| 7 kW | 7044 kWh | 5283 kWh | 1761 kWh | £1,402 | £176 | £1,578 | £21,242 | 13.5 yrs | £10,312 |
| 8 kW | 8050 kWh | 6038 kWh | 2013 kWh | £1,602 | £201 | £1,803 | £23,276 | 12.9 yrs | £12,786 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,144, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2013 kWh | 1550 kWh | 463 kWh | £411 | £46 | £457 | £13,519 | 29.6 yrs | £-4,371 |
| 3 kW | 3019 kWh | 2325 kWh | 694 kWh | £617 | £69 | £686 | £15,554 | 22.7 yrs | £-1,831 |
| 4 kW | 4025 kWh | 3099 kWh | 926 kWh | £822 | £93 | £915 | £17,588 | 19.2 yrs | £709 |
| 5 kW | 5032 kWh | 3874 kWh | 1157 kWh | £1,028 | £116 | £1,144 | £19,623 | 17.2 yrs | £3,249 |
| 6 kW | 6038 kWh | 4649 kWh | 1389 kWh | £1,233 | £139 | £1,372 | £21,657 | 15.8 yrs | £5,788 |
| 7 kW | 7044 kWh | 5424 kWh | 1620 kWh | £1,439 | £162 | £1,601 | £23,692 | 14.8 yrs | £8,328 |
| 8 kW | 8050 kWh | 6199 kWh | 1852 kWh | £1,645 | £185 | £1,830 | £25,726 | 14.1 yrs | £10,868 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.