A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1073 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £890, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2146 kWh | 858 kWh | 1288 kWh | £227 | £129 | £356 | £4,069 | 11.4 yrs | £3,052 |
| 3 kW | 3219 kWh | 1288 kWh | 1931 kWh | £341 | £193 | £534 | £6,104 | 11.4 yrs | £4,578 |
| 4 kW | 4292 kWh | 1717 kWh | 2575 kWh | £455 | £258 | £712 | £8,138 | 11.4 yrs | £6,104 |
| 5 kW | 5365 kWh | 2146 kWh | 3219 kWh | £568 | £322 | £890 | £10,173 | 11.4 yrs | £7,630 |
| 6 kW | 6438 kWh | 2575 kWh | 3863 kWh | £682 | £386 | £1,068 | £12,207 | 11.4 yrs | £9,155 |
| 7 kW | 7511 kWh | 3004 kWh | 4506 kWh | £796 | £451 | £1,246 | £14,242 | 11.4 yrs | £10,681 |
| 8 kW | 8583 kWh | 3433 kWh | 5150 kWh | £909 | £515 | £1,424 | £16,276 | 11.4 yrs | £12,207 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,067, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2146 kWh | 1288 kWh | 858 kWh | £341 | £86 | £427 | £6,169 | 14.5 yrs | £2,366 |
| 3 kW | 3219 kWh | 1931 kWh | 1288 kWh | £511 | £129 | £640 | £8,204 | 12.8 yrs | £4,600 |
| 4 kW | 4292 kWh | 2575 kWh | 1717 kWh | £682 | £172 | £854 | £10,238 | 12.0 yrs | £6,833 |
| 5 kW | 5365 kWh | 3219 kWh | 2146 kWh | £852 | £215 | £1,067 | £12,273 | 11.5 yrs | £9,066 |
| 6 kW | 6438 kWh | 3863 kWh | 2575 kWh | £1,023 | £258 | £1,280 | £14,307 | 11.2 yrs | £11,299 |
| 7 kW | 7511 kWh | 4506 kWh | 3004 kWh | £1,193 | £300 | £1,494 | £16,342 | 10.9 yrs | £13,532 |
| 8 kW | 8583 kWh | 5150 kWh | 3433 kWh | £1,364 | £343 | £1,707 | £18,376 | 10.8 yrs | £15,765 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,155, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2146 kWh | 1502 kWh | 644 kWh | £398 | £64 | £462 | £7,569 | 16.4 yrs | £1,674 |
| 3 kW | 3219 kWh | 2253 kWh | 966 kWh | £597 | £97 | £693 | £9,604 | 13.9 yrs | £4,260 |
| 4 kW | 4292 kWh | 3004 kWh | 1288 kWh | £796 | £129 | £924 | £11,638 | 12.6 yrs | £6,847 |
| 5 kW | 5365 kWh | 3755 kWh | 1609 kWh | £994 | £161 | £1,155 | £13,673 | 11.8 yrs | £9,434 |
| 6 kW | 6438 kWh | 4506 kWh | 1931 kWh | £1,193 | £193 | £1,386 | £15,707 | 11.3 yrs | £12,021 |
| 7 kW | 7511 kWh | 5257 kWh | 2253 kWh | £1,392 | £225 | £1,617 | £17,742 | 11.0 yrs | £14,608 |
| 8 kW | 8583 kWh | 6008 kWh | 2575 kWh | £1,591 | £258 | £1,849 | £19,776 | 10.7 yrs | £17,195 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,182, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2146 kWh | 1566 kWh | 579 kWh | £415 | £58 | £473 | £9,319 | 19.7 yrs | £136 |
| 3 kW | 3219 kWh | 2350 kWh | 869 kWh | £622 | £87 | £709 | £11,354 | 16.0 yrs | £2,829 |
| 4 kW | 4292 kWh | 3133 kWh | 1159 kWh | £830 | £116 | £945 | £13,388 | 14.2 yrs | £5,522 |
| 5 kW | 5365 kWh | 3916 kWh | 1448 kWh | £1,037 | £145 | £1,182 | £15,423 | 13.0 yrs | £8,215 |
| 6 kW | 6438 kWh | 4699 kWh | 1738 kWh | £1,244 | £174 | £1,418 | £17,457 | 12.3 yrs | £10,907 |
| 7 kW | 7511 kWh | 5483 kWh | 2028 kWh | £1,452 | £203 | £1,655 | £19,492 | 11.8 yrs | £13,600 |
| 8 kW | 8583 kWh | 6266 kWh | 2318 kWh | £1,659 | £232 | £1,891 | £21,526 | 11.4 yrs | £16,293 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,200, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2146 kWh | 1609 kWh | 536 kWh | £426 | £54 | £480 | £11,069 | 23.1 yrs | £-1,473 |
| 3 kW | 3219 kWh | 2414 kWh | 805 kWh | £639 | £80 | £720 | £13,104 | 18.2 yrs | £1,291 |
| 4 kW | 4292 kWh | 3219 kWh | 1073 kWh | £852 | £107 | £960 | £15,138 | 15.8 yrs | £4,055 |
| 5 kW | 5365 kWh | 4023 kWh | 1341 kWh | £1,065 | £134 | £1,200 | £17,173 | 14.3 yrs | £6,818 |
| 6 kW | 6438 kWh | 4828 kWh | 1609 kWh | £1,279 | £161 | £1,439 | £19,207 | 13.3 yrs | £9,582 |
| 7 kW | 7511 kWh | 5633 kWh | 1878 kWh | £1,492 | £188 | £1,679 | £21,242 | 12.6 yrs | £12,345 |
| 8 kW | 8583 kWh | 6438 kWh | 2146 kWh | £1,705 | £215 | £1,919 | £23,276 | 12.1 yrs | £15,109 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,217, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2146 kWh | 1652 kWh | 494 kWh | £438 | £49 | £487 | £13,519 | 27.8 yrs | £-3,781 |
| 3 kW | 3219 kWh | 2478 kWh | 740 kWh | £656 | £74 | £730 | £15,554 | 21.3 yrs | £-947 |
| 4 kW | 4292 kWh | 3305 kWh | 987 kWh | £875 | £99 | £974 | £17,588 | 18.1 yrs | £1,887 |
| 5 kW | 5365 kWh | 4131 kWh | 1234 kWh | £1,094 | £123 | £1,217 | £19,623 | 16.1 yrs | £4,722 |
| 6 kW | 6438 kWh | 4957 kWh | 1481 kWh | £1,313 | £148 | £1,461 | £21,657 | 14.8 yrs | £7,556 |
| 7 kW | 7511 kWh | 5783 kWh | 1727 kWh | £1,531 | £173 | £1,704 | £23,692 | 13.9 yrs | £10,391 |
| 8 kW | 8583 kWh | 6609 kWh | 1974 kWh | £1,750 | £197 | £1,948 | £25,726 | 13.2 yrs | £13,225 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.