A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 914 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.3p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £737, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1828 kWh | 731 kWh | 1097 kWh | £185 | £110 | £295 | £4,069 | 13.8 yrs | £1,828 |
| 3 kW | 2742 kWh | 1097 kWh | 1645 kWh | £278 | £165 | £442 | £6,104 | 13.8 yrs | £2,743 |
| 4 kW | 3656 kWh | 1462 kWh | 2193 kWh | £370 | £219 | £590 | £8,138 | 13.8 yrs | £3,657 |
| 5 kW | 4570 kWh | 1828 kWh | 2742 kWh | £463 | £274 | £737 | £10,173 | 13.8 yrs | £4,571 |
| 6 kW | 5484 kWh | 2193 kWh | 3290 kWh | £556 | £329 | £885 | £12,207 | 13.8 yrs | £5,485 |
| 7 kW | 6398 kWh | 2559 kWh | 3839 kWh | £648 | £384 | £1,032 | £14,242 | 13.8 yrs | £6,399 |
| 8 kW | 7311 kWh | 2925 kWh | 4387 kWh | £741 | £439 | £1,179 | £16,276 | 13.8 yrs | £7,314 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £877, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1828 kWh | 1097 kWh | 731 kWh | £278 | £73 | £351 | £6,169 | 17.6 yrs | £849 |
| 3 kW | 2742 kWh | 1645 kWh | 1097 kWh | £417 | £110 | £526 | £8,204 | 15.6 yrs | £2,324 |
| 4 kW | 3656 kWh | 2193 kWh | 1462 kWh | £556 | £146 | £702 | £10,238 | 14.6 yrs | £3,798 |
| 5 kW | 4570 kWh | 2742 kWh | 1828 kWh | £694 | £183 | £877 | £12,273 | 14.0 yrs | £5,273 |
| 6 kW | 5484 kWh | 3290 kWh | 2193 kWh | £833 | £219 | £1,053 | £14,307 | 13.6 yrs | £6,748 |
| 7 kW | 6398 kWh | 3839 kWh | 2559 kWh | £972 | £256 | £1,228 | £16,342 | 13.3 yrs | £8,222 |
| 8 kW | 7311 kWh | 4387 kWh | 2925 kWh | £1,111 | £292 | £1,404 | £18,376 | 13.1 yrs | £9,697 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £947, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1828 kWh | 1280 kWh | 548 kWh | £324 | £55 | £379 | £7,569 | 20.0 yrs | £10 |
| 3 kW | 2742 kWh | 1919 kWh | 823 kWh | £486 | £82 | £568 | £9,604 | 16.9 yrs | £1,764 |
| 4 kW | 3656 kWh | 2559 kWh | 1097 kWh | £648 | £110 | £758 | £11,638 | 15.4 yrs | £3,519 |
| 5 kW | 4570 kWh | 3199 kWh | 1371 kWh | £810 | £137 | £947 | £13,673 | 14.4 yrs | £5,274 |
| 6 kW | 5484 kWh | 3839 kWh | 1645 kWh | £972 | £165 | £1,137 | £15,707 | 13.8 yrs | £7,029 |
| 7 kW | 6398 kWh | 4478 kWh | 1919 kWh | £1,134 | £192 | £1,326 | £17,742 | 13.4 yrs | £8,784 |
| 8 kW | 7311 kWh | 5118 kWh | 2193 kWh | £1,296 | £219 | £1,516 | £19,776 | 13.0 yrs | £10,539 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £968, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1828 kWh | 1334 kWh | 494 kWh | £338 | £49 | £387 | £9,319 | 24.1 yrs | £-1,572 |
| 3 kW | 2742 kWh | 2002 kWh | 740 kWh | £507 | £74 | £581 | £11,354 | 19.5 yrs | £267 |
| 4 kW | 3656 kWh | 2669 kWh | 987 kWh | £676 | £99 | £775 | £13,388 | 17.3 yrs | £2,106 |
| 5 kW | 4570 kWh | 3336 kWh | 1234 kWh | £845 | £123 | £968 | £15,423 | 15.9 yrs | £3,944 |
| 6 kW | 5484 kWh | 4003 kWh | 1481 kWh | £1,014 | £148 | £1,162 | £17,457 | 15.0 yrs | £5,783 |
| 7 kW | 6398 kWh | 4670 kWh | 1727 kWh | £1,183 | £173 | £1,356 | £19,492 | 14.4 yrs | £7,622 |
| 8 kW | 7311 kWh | 5337 kWh | 1974 kWh | £1,352 | £197 | £1,549 | £21,526 | 13.9 yrs | £9,461 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £982, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1828 kWh | 1371 kWh | 457 kWh | £347 | £46 | £393 | £11,069 | 28.2 yrs | £-3,210 |
| 3 kW | 2742 kWh | 2056 kWh | 685 kWh | £521 | £69 | £589 | £13,104 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,315 |
| 4 kW | 3656 kWh | 2742 kWh | 914 kWh | £694 | £91 | £786 | £15,138 | 19.3 yrs | £580 |
| 5 kW | 4570 kWh | 3427 kWh | 1142 kWh | £868 | £114 | £982 | £17,173 | 17.5 yrs | £2,475 |
| 6 kW | 5484 kWh | 4113 kWh | 1371 kWh | £1,042 | £137 | £1,179 | £19,207 | 16.3 yrs | £4,370 |
| 7 kW | 6398 kWh | 4798 kWh | 1599 kWh | £1,215 | £160 | £1,375 | £21,242 | 15.4 yrs | £6,265 |
| 8 kW | 7311 kWh | 5484 kWh | 1828 kWh | £1,389 | £183 | £1,572 | £23,276 | 14.8 yrs | £8,159 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £996, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1828 kWh | 1407 kWh | 420 kWh | £357 | £42 | £399 | £13,519 | 33.9 yrs | £-5,548 |
| 3 kW | 2742 kWh | 2111 kWh | 631 kWh | £535 | £63 | £598 | £15,554 | 26.0 yrs | £-3,597 |
| 4 kW | 3656 kWh | 2815 kWh | 841 kWh | £713 | £84 | £797 | £17,588 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,646 |
| 5 kW | 4570 kWh | 3519 kWh | 1051 kWh | £891 | £105 | £996 | £19,623 | 19.7 yrs | £305 |
| 6 kW | 5484 kWh | 4222 kWh | 1261 kWh | £1,070 | £126 | £1,196 | £21,657 | 18.1 yrs | £2,256 |
| 7 kW | 6398 kWh | 4926 kWh | 1471 kWh | £1,248 | £147 | £1,395 | £23,692 | 17.0 yrs | £4,207 |
| 8 kW | 7311 kWh | 5630 kWh | 1682 kWh | £1,426 | £168 | £1,594 | £25,726 | 16.1 yrs | £6,158 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.