A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 943 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £766, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1886 kWh | 754 kWh | 1131 kWh | £193 | £113 | £307 | £4,069 | 13.3 yrs | £2,061 |
| 3 kW | 2828 kWh | 1131 kWh | 1697 kWh | £290 | £170 | £460 | £6,104 | 13.3 yrs | £3,092 |
| 4 kW | 3771 kWh | 1508 kWh | 2263 kWh | £387 | £226 | £613 | £8,138 | 13.3 yrs | £4,122 |
| 5 kW | 4714 kWh | 1886 kWh | 2828 kWh | £483 | £283 | £766 | £10,173 | 13.3 yrs | £5,153 |
| 6 kW | 5656 kWh | 2263 kWh | 3394 kWh | £580 | £339 | £920 | £12,207 | 13.3 yrs | £6,183 |
| 7 kW | 6599 kWh | 2640 kWh | 3960 kWh | £677 | £396 | £1,073 | £14,242 | 13.3 yrs | £7,214 |
| 8 kW | 7542 kWh | 3017 kWh | 4525 kWh | £774 | £453 | £1,226 | £16,276 | 13.3 yrs | £8,244 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £914, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1886 kWh | 1131 kWh | 754 kWh | £290 | £75 | £365 | £6,169 | 16.9 yrs | £1,141 |
| 3 kW | 2828 kWh | 1697 kWh | 1131 kWh | £435 | £113 | £548 | £8,204 | 15.0 yrs | £2,761 |
| 4 kW | 3771 kWh | 2263 kWh | 1508 kWh | £580 | £151 | £731 | £10,238 | 14.0 yrs | £4,381 |
| 5 kW | 4714 kWh | 2828 kWh | 1886 kWh | £725 | £189 | £914 | £12,273 | 13.4 yrs | £6,002 |
| 6 kW | 5656 kWh | 3394 kWh | 2263 kWh | £870 | £226 | £1,096 | £14,307 | 13.0 yrs | £7,622 |
| 7 kW | 6599 kWh | 3960 kWh | 2640 kWh | £1,015 | £264 | £1,279 | £16,342 | 12.8 yrs | £9,242 |
| 8 kW | 7542 kWh | 4525 kWh | 3017 kWh | £1,160 | £302 | £1,462 | £18,376 | 12.6 yrs | £10,863 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £987, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1886 kWh | 1320 kWh | 566 kWh | £338 | £57 | £395 | £7,569 | 19.2 yrs | £330 |
| 3 kW | 2828 kWh | 1980 kWh | 848 kWh | £508 | £85 | £592 | £9,604 | 16.2 yrs | £2,246 |
| 4 kW | 3771 kWh | 2640 kWh | 1131 kWh | £677 | £113 | £790 | £11,638 | 14.7 yrs | £4,161 |
| 5 kW | 4714 kWh | 3300 kWh | 1414 kWh | £846 | £141 | £987 | £13,673 | 13.8 yrs | £6,076 |
| 6 kW | 5656 kWh | 3960 kWh | 1697 kWh | £1,015 | £170 | £1,185 | £15,707 | 13.3 yrs | £7,991 |
| 7 kW | 6599 kWh | 4619 kWh | 1980 kWh | £1,184 | £198 | £1,382 | £17,742 | 12.8 yrs | £9,907 |
| 8 kW | 7542 kWh | 5279 kWh | 2263 kWh | £1,354 | £226 | £1,580 | £19,776 | 12.5 yrs | £11,822 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,010, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1886 kWh | 1376 kWh | 509 kWh | £353 | £51 | £404 | £9,319 | 23.1 yrs | £-1,243 |
| 3 kW | 2828 kWh | 2065 kWh | 764 kWh | £529 | £76 | £606 | £11,354 | 18.7 yrs | £761 |
| 4 kW | 3771 kWh | 2753 kWh | 1018 kWh | £706 | £102 | £808 | £13,388 | 16.6 yrs | £2,765 |
| 5 kW | 4714 kWh | 3441 kWh | 1273 kWh | £882 | £127 | £1,010 | £15,423 | 15.3 yrs | £4,769 |
| 6 kW | 5656 kWh | 4129 kWh | 1527 kWh | £1,059 | £153 | £1,211 | £17,457 | 14.4 yrs | £6,772 |
| 7 kW | 6599 kWh | 4817 kWh | 1782 kWh | £1,235 | £178 | £1,413 | £19,492 | 13.8 yrs | £8,776 |
| 8 kW | 7542 kWh | 5506 kWh | 2036 kWh | £1,412 | £204 | £1,615 | £21,526 | 13.3 yrs | £10,780 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,024, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1886 kWh | 1414 kWh | 471 kWh | £363 | £47 | £410 | £11,069 | 27.0 yrs | £-2,875 |
| 3 kW | 2828 kWh | 2121 kWh | 707 kWh | £544 | £71 | £615 | £13,104 | 21.3 yrs | £-812 |
| 4 kW | 3771 kWh | 2828 kWh | 943 kWh | £725 | £94 | £819 | £15,138 | 18.5 yrs | £1,251 |
| 5 kW | 4714 kWh | 3535 kWh | 1178 kWh | £906 | £118 | £1,024 | £17,173 | 16.8 yrs | £3,313 |
| 6 kW | 5656 kWh | 4242 kWh | 1414 kWh | £1,088 | £141 | £1,229 | £19,207 | 15.6 yrs | £5,376 |
| 7 kW | 6599 kWh | 4949 kWh | 1650 kWh | £1,269 | £165 | £1,434 | £21,242 | 14.8 yrs | £7,439 |
| 8 kW | 7542 kWh | 5656 kWh | 1886 kWh | £1,450 | £189 | £1,639 | £23,276 | 14.2 yrs | £9,501 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,039, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1886 kWh | 1452 kWh | 434 kWh | £372 | £43 | £416 | £13,519 | 32.5 yrs | £-5,207 |
| 3 kW | 2828 kWh | 2178 kWh | 650 kWh | £558 | £65 | £623 | £15,554 | 24.9 yrs | £-3,085 |
| 4 kW | 3771 kWh | 2904 kWh | 867 kWh | £745 | £87 | £831 | £17,588 | 21.2 yrs | £-963 |
| 5 kW | 4714 kWh | 3630 kWh | 1084 kWh | £931 | £108 | £1,039 | £19,623 | 18.9 yrs | £1,158 |
| 6 kW | 5656 kWh | 4356 kWh | 1301 kWh | £1,117 | £130 | £1,247 | £21,657 | 17.4 yrs | £3,280 |
| 7 kW | 6599 kWh | 5081 kWh | 1518 kWh | £1,303 | £152 | £1,455 | £23,692 | 16.3 yrs | £5,402 |
| 8 kW | 7542 kWh | 5807 kWh | 1735 kWh | £1,489 | £173 | £1,662 | £25,726 | 15.5 yrs | £7,523 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.