A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 956 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.4p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £773, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1913 kWh | 765 kWh | 1148 kWh | £195 | £115 | £309 | £4,069 | 13.2 yrs | £2,118 |
| 3 kW | 2870 kWh | 1148 kWh | 1722 kWh | £292 | £172 | £464 | £6,104 | 13.2 yrs | £3,178 |
| 4 kW | 3826 kWh | 1530 kWh | 2296 kWh | £389 | £230 | £619 | £8,138 | 13.2 yrs | £4,237 |
| 5 kW | 4782 kWh | 1913 kWh | 2870 kWh | £486 | £287 | £773 | £10,173 | 13.2 yrs | £5,296 |
| 6 kW | 5739 kWh | 2296 kWh | 3443 kWh | £584 | £344 | £928 | £12,207 | 13.2 yrs | £6,355 |
| 7 kW | 6696 kWh | 2678 kWh | 4017 kWh | £681 | £402 | £1,083 | £14,242 | 13.2 yrs | £7,414 |
| 8 kW | 7652 kWh | 3061 kWh | 4591 kWh | £778 | £459 | £1,237 | £16,276 | 13.2 yrs | £8,474 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £921, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1913 kWh | 1148 kWh | 765 kWh | £292 | £77 | £368 | £6,169 | 16.7 yrs | £1,199 |
| 3 kW | 2870 kWh | 1722 kWh | 1148 kWh | £438 | £115 | £553 | £8,204 | 14.8 yrs | £2,849 |
| 4 kW | 3826 kWh | 2296 kWh | 1530 kWh | £584 | £153 | £737 | £10,238 | 13.9 yrs | £4,498 |
| 5 kW | 4782 kWh | 2870 kWh | 1913 kWh | £730 | £191 | £921 | £12,273 | 13.3 yrs | £6,148 |
| 6 kW | 5739 kWh | 3443 kWh | 2296 kWh | £876 | £230 | £1,105 | £14,307 | 12.9 yrs | £7,797 |
| 7 kW | 6696 kWh | 4017 kWh | 2678 kWh | £1,022 | £268 | £1,289 | £16,342 | 12.7 yrs | £9,447 |
| 8 kW | 7652 kWh | 4591 kWh | 3061 kWh | £1,168 | £306 | £1,474 | £18,376 | 12.5 yrs | £11,096 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £995, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1913 kWh | 1339 kWh | 574 kWh | £341 | £57 | £398 | £7,569 | 19.0 yrs | £389 |
| 3 kW | 2870 kWh | 2009 kWh | 861 kWh | £511 | £86 | £597 | £9,604 | 16.1 yrs | £2,334 |
| 4 kW | 3826 kWh | 2678 kWh | 1148 kWh | £681 | £115 | £796 | £11,638 | 14.6 yrs | £4,279 |
| 5 kW | 4782 kWh | 3348 kWh | 1435 kWh | £851 | £143 | £995 | £13,673 | 13.7 yrs | £6,224 |
| 6 kW | 5739 kWh | 4017 kWh | 1722 kWh | £1,022 | £172 | £1,194 | £15,707 | 13.2 yrs | £8,168 |
| 7 kW | 6696 kWh | 4687 kWh | 2009 kWh | £1,192 | £201 | £1,393 | £17,742 | 12.7 yrs | £10,113 |
| 8 kW | 7652 kWh | 5356 kWh | 2296 kWh | £1,362 | £230 | £1,592 | £19,776 | 12.4 yrs | £12,058 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,017, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1913 kWh | 1396 kWh | 517 kWh | £355 | £52 | £407 | £9,319 | 22.9 yrs | £-1,183 |
| 3 kW | 2870 kWh | 2095 kWh | 775 kWh | £533 | £77 | £610 | £11,354 | 18.6 yrs | £850 |
| 4 kW | 3826 kWh | 2793 kWh | 1033 kWh | £710 | £103 | £814 | £13,388 | 16.5 yrs | £2,883 |
| 5 kW | 4782 kWh | 3491 kWh | 1291 kWh | £888 | £129 | £1,017 | £15,423 | 15.2 yrs | £4,916 |
| 6 kW | 5739 kWh | 4189 kWh | 1550 kWh | £1,065 | £155 | £1,220 | £17,457 | 14.3 yrs | £6,950 |
| 7 kW | 6696 kWh | 4888 kWh | 1808 kWh | £1,243 | £181 | £1,424 | £19,492 | 13.7 yrs | £8,983 |
| 8 kW | 7652 kWh | 5586 kWh | 2066 kWh | £1,421 | £207 | £1,627 | £21,526 | 13.2 yrs | £11,016 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,032, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1913 kWh | 1435 kWh | 478 kWh | £365 | £48 | £413 | £11,069 | 26.8 yrs | £-2,815 |
| 3 kW | 2870 kWh | 2152 kWh | 717 kWh | £547 | £72 | £619 | £13,104 | 21.2 yrs | £-723 |
| 4 kW | 3826 kWh | 2870 kWh | 956 kWh | £730 | £96 | £825 | £15,138 | 18.3 yrs | £1,369 |
| 5 kW | 4782 kWh | 3587 kWh | 1196 kWh | £912 | £120 | £1,032 | £17,173 | 16.6 yrs | £3,462 |
| 6 kW | 5739 kWh | 4304 kWh | 1435 kWh | £1,095 | £143 | £1,238 | £19,207 | 15.5 yrs | £5,554 |
| 7 kW | 6696 kWh | 5022 kWh | 1674 kWh | £1,277 | £167 | £1,444 | £21,242 | 14.7 yrs | £7,646 |
| 8 kW | 7652 kWh | 5739 kWh | 1913 kWh | £1,459 | £191 | £1,651 | £23,276 | 14.1 yrs | £9,738 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,046, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1913 kWh | 1473 kWh | 440 kWh | £375 | £44 | £419 | £13,519 | 32.3 yrs | £-5,147 |
| 3 kW | 2870 kWh | 2210 kWh | 660 kWh | £562 | £66 | £628 | £15,554 | 24.8 yrs | £-2,996 |
| 4 kW | 3826 kWh | 2946 kWh | 880 kWh | £749 | £88 | £837 | £17,588 | 21.0 yrs | £-845 |
| 5 kW | 4782 kWh | 3683 kWh | 1100 kWh | £936 | £110 | £1,046 | £19,623 | 18.8 yrs | £1,307 |
| 6 kW | 5739 kWh | 4419 kWh | 1320 kWh | £1,124 | £132 | £1,256 | £21,657 | 17.2 yrs | £3,458 |
| 7 kW | 6696 kWh | 5156 kWh | 1540 kWh | £1,311 | £154 | £1,465 | £23,692 | 16.2 yrs | £5,609 |
| 8 kW | 7652 kWh | 5892 kWh | 1760 kWh | £1,498 | £176 | £1,674 | £25,726 | 15.4 yrs | £7,761 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.