A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 970 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £789, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1941 kWh | 776 kWh | 1164 kWh | £199 | £116 | £315 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,240 |
| 3 kW | 2911 kWh | 1164 kWh | 1747 kWh | £299 | £175 | £473 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,360 |
| 4 kW | 3881 kWh | 1552 kWh | 2329 kWh | £398 | £233 | £631 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,481 |
| 5 kW | 4852 kWh | 1941 kWh | 2911 kWh | £498 | £291 | £789 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,601 |
| 6 kW | 5822 kWh | 2329 kWh | 3493 kWh | £597 | £349 | £946 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,721 |
| 7 kW | 6792 kWh | 2717 kWh | 4075 kWh | £697 | £408 | £1,104 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,841 |
| 8 kW | 7762 kWh | 3105 kWh | 4657 kWh | £796 | £466 | £1,262 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £8,961 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £940, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1941 kWh | 1164 kWh | 776 kWh | £299 | £78 | £376 | £6,169 | 16.4 yrs | £1,354 |
| 3 kW | 2911 kWh | 1747 kWh | 1164 kWh | £448 | £116 | £564 | £8,204 | 14.5 yrs | £3,082 |
| 4 kW | 3881 kWh | 2329 kWh | 1552 kWh | £597 | £155 | £752 | £10,238 | 13.6 yrs | £4,809 |
| 5 kW | 4852 kWh | 2911 kWh | 1941 kWh | £746 | £194 | £940 | £12,273 | 13.1 yrs | £6,536 |
| 6 kW | 5822 kWh | 3493 kWh | 2329 kWh | £896 | £233 | £1,129 | £14,307 | 12.7 yrs | £8,263 |
| 7 kW | 6792 kWh | 4075 kWh | 2717 kWh | £1,045 | £272 | £1,317 | £16,342 | 12.4 yrs | £9,990 |
| 8 kW | 7762 kWh | 4657 kWh | 3105 kWh | £1,194 | £310 | £1,505 | £18,376 | 12.2 yrs | £11,718 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,016, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1941 kWh | 1358 kWh | 582 kWh | £348 | £58 | £407 | £7,569 | 18.6 yrs | £561 |
| 3 kW | 2911 kWh | 2038 kWh | 873 kWh | £522 | £87 | £610 | £9,604 | 15.7 yrs | £2,592 |
| 4 kW | 3881 kWh | 2717 kWh | 1164 kWh | £697 | £116 | £813 | £11,638 | 14.3 yrs | £4,623 |
| 5 kW | 4852 kWh | 3396 kWh | 1455 kWh | £871 | £146 | £1,016 | £13,673 | 13.5 yrs | £6,654 |
| 6 kW | 5822 kWh | 4075 kWh | 1747 kWh | £1,045 | £175 | £1,220 | £15,707 | 12.9 yrs | £8,684 |
| 7 kW | 6792 kWh | 4755 kWh | 2038 kWh | £1,219 | £204 | £1,423 | £17,742 | 12.5 yrs | £10,715 |
| 8 kW | 7762 kWh | 5434 kWh | 2329 kWh | £1,393 | £233 | £1,626 | £19,776 | 12.2 yrs | £12,746 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,039, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1941 kWh | 1417 kWh | 524 kWh | £363 | £52 | £416 | £9,319 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,006 |
| 3 kW | 2911 kWh | 2125 kWh | 786 kWh | £545 | £79 | £623 | £11,354 | 18.2 yrs | £1,115 |
| 4 kW | 3881 kWh | 2833 kWh | 1048 kWh | £726 | £105 | £831 | £13,388 | 16.1 yrs | £3,237 |
| 5 kW | 4852 kWh | 3542 kWh | 1310 kWh | £908 | £131 | £1,039 | £15,423 | 14.8 yrs | £5,359 |
| 6 kW | 5822 kWh | 4250 kWh | 1572 kWh | £1,090 | £157 | £1,247 | £17,457 | 14.0 yrs | £7,481 |
| 7 kW | 6792 kWh | 4958 kWh | 1834 kWh | £1,271 | £183 | £1,455 | £19,492 | 13.4 yrs | £9,602 |
| 8 kW | 7762 kWh | 5667 kWh | 2096 kWh | £1,453 | £210 | £1,663 | £21,526 | 12.9 yrs | £11,724 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,054, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1941 kWh | 1455 kWh | 485 kWh | £373 | £49 | £422 | £11,069 | 26.2 yrs | £-2,635 |
| 3 kW | 2911 kWh | 2183 kWh | 728 kWh | £560 | £73 | £633 | £13,104 | 20.7 yrs | £-453 |
| 4 kW | 3881 kWh | 2911 kWh | 970 kWh | £746 | £97 | £843 | £15,138 | 17.9 yrs | £1,730 |
| 5 kW | 4852 kWh | 3639 kWh | 1213 kWh | £933 | £121 | £1,054 | £17,173 | 16.3 yrs | £3,912 |
| 6 kW | 5822 kWh | 4366 kWh | 1455 kWh | £1,120 | £146 | £1,265 | £19,207 | 15.2 yrs | £6,095 |
| 7 kW | 6792 kWh | 5094 kWh | 1698 kWh | £1,306 | £170 | £1,476 | £21,242 | 14.4 yrs | £8,277 |
| 8 kW | 7762 kWh | 5822 kWh | 1941 kWh | £1,493 | £194 | £1,687 | £23,276 | 13.8 yrs | £10,460 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,069, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1941 kWh | 1494 kWh | 446 kWh | £383 | £45 | £428 | £13,519 | 31.6 yrs | £-4,964 |
| 3 kW | 2911 kWh | 2241 kWh | 670 kWh | £575 | £67 | £642 | £15,554 | 24.2 yrs | £-2,721 |
| 4 kW | 3881 kWh | 2989 kWh | 893 kWh | £766 | £89 | £856 | £17,588 | 20.6 yrs | £-477 |
| 5 kW | 4852 kWh | 3736 kWh | 1116 kWh | £958 | £112 | £1,069 | £19,623 | 18.3 yrs | £1,766 |
| 6 kW | 5822 kWh | 4483 kWh | 1339 kWh | £1,149 | £134 | £1,283 | £21,657 | 16.9 yrs | £4,009 |
| 7 kW | 6792 kWh | 5230 kWh | 1562 kWh | £1,341 | £156 | £1,497 | £23,692 | 15.8 yrs | £6,252 |
| 8 kW | 7762 kWh | 5977 kWh | 1785 kWh | £1,533 | £179 | £1,711 | £25,726 | 15.0 yrs | £8,495 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.