A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 971 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £789, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1941 kWh | 776 kWh | 1165 kWh | £199 | £116 | £316 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,242 |
| 3 kW | 2912 kWh | 1165 kWh | 1747 kWh | £299 | £175 | £473 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,363 |
| 4 kW | 3882 kWh | 1553 kWh | 2329 kWh | £398 | £233 | £631 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,484 |
| 5 kW | 4853 kWh | 1941 kWh | 2912 kWh | £498 | £291 | £789 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,605 |
| 6 kW | 5823 kWh | 2329 kWh | 3494 kWh | £597 | £349 | £947 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,726 |
| 7 kW | 6794 kWh | 2718 kWh | 4076 kWh | £697 | £408 | £1,104 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,847 |
| 8 kW | 7765 kWh | 3106 kWh | 4659 kWh | £796 | £466 | £1,262 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £8,968 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £941, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1941 kWh | 1165 kWh | 776 kWh | £299 | £78 | £376 | £6,169 | 16.4 yrs | £1,356 |
| 3 kW | 2912 kWh | 1747 kWh | 1165 kWh | £448 | £116 | £564 | £8,204 | 14.5 yrs | £3,085 |
| 4 kW | 3882 kWh | 2329 kWh | 1553 kWh | £597 | £155 | £753 | £10,238 | 13.6 yrs | £4,813 |
| 5 kW | 4853 kWh | 2912 kWh | 1941 kWh | £747 | £194 | £941 | £12,273 | 13.0 yrs | £6,541 |
| 6 kW | 5823 kWh | 3494 kWh | 2329 kWh | £896 | £233 | £1,129 | £14,307 | 12.7 yrs | £8,269 |
| 7 kW | 6794 kWh | 4076 kWh | 2718 kWh | £1,045 | £272 | £1,317 | £16,342 | 12.4 yrs | £9,998 |
| 8 kW | 7765 kWh | 4659 kWh | 3106 kWh | £1,195 | £311 | £1,505 | £18,376 | 12.2 yrs | £11,726 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,017, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1941 kWh | 1359 kWh | 582 kWh | £348 | £58 | £407 | £7,569 | 18.6 yrs | £564 |
| 3 kW | 2912 kWh | 2038 kWh | 874 kWh | £523 | £87 | £610 | £9,604 | 15.7 yrs | £2,595 |
| 4 kW | 3882 kWh | 2718 kWh | 1165 kWh | £697 | £116 | £813 | £11,638 | 14.3 yrs | £4,627 |
| 5 kW | 4853 kWh | 3397 kWh | 1456 kWh | £871 | £146 | £1,017 | £13,673 | 13.4 yrs | £6,659 |
| 6 kW | 5823 kWh | 4076 kWh | 1747 kWh | £1,045 | £175 | £1,220 | £15,707 | 12.9 yrs | £8,691 |
| 7 kW | 6794 kWh | 4756 kWh | 2038 kWh | £1,219 | £204 | £1,423 | £17,742 | 12.5 yrs | £10,723 |
| 8 kW | 7765 kWh | 5435 kWh | 2329 kWh | £1,394 | £233 | £1,627 | £19,776 | 12.2 yrs | £12,755 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,039, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1941 kWh | 1417 kWh | 524 kWh | £363 | £52 | £416 | £9,319 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,004 |
| 3 kW | 2912 kWh | 2126 kWh | 786 kWh | £545 | £79 | £624 | £11,354 | 18.2 yrs | £1,119 |
| 4 kW | 3882 kWh | 2834 kWh | 1048 kWh | £727 | £105 | £831 | £13,388 | 16.1 yrs | £3,242 |
| 5 kW | 4853 kWh | 3543 kWh | 1310 kWh | £908 | £131 | £1,039 | £15,423 | 14.8 yrs | £5,365 |
| 6 kW | 5823 kWh | 4251 kWh | 1572 kWh | £1,090 | £157 | £1,247 | £17,457 | 14.0 yrs | £7,487 |
| 7 kW | 6794 kWh | 4960 kWh | 1834 kWh | £1,272 | £183 | £1,455 | £19,492 | 13.4 yrs | £9,610 |
| 8 kW | 7765 kWh | 5668 kWh | 2096 kWh | £1,453 | £210 | £1,663 | £21,526 | 12.9 yrs | £11,733 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,055, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1941 kWh | 1456 kWh | 485 kWh | £373 | £49 | £422 | £11,069 | 26.2 yrs | £-2,633 |
| 3 kW | 2912 kWh | 2184 kWh | 728 kWh | £560 | £73 | £633 | £13,104 | 20.7 yrs | £-449 |
| 4 kW | 3882 kWh | 2912 kWh | 971 kWh | £747 | £97 | £844 | £15,138 | 17.9 yrs | £1,735 |
| 5 kW | 4853 kWh | 3640 kWh | 1213 kWh | £933 | £121 | £1,055 | £17,173 | 16.3 yrs | £3,918 |
| 6 kW | 5823 kWh | 4368 kWh | 1456 kWh | £1,120 | £146 | £1,265 | £19,207 | 15.2 yrs | £6,102 |
| 7 kW | 6794 kWh | 5096 kWh | 1699 kWh | £1,306 | £170 | £1,476 | £21,242 | 14.4 yrs | £8,285 |
| 8 kW | 7765 kWh | 5823 kWh | 1941 kWh | £1,493 | £194 | £1,687 | £23,276 | 13.8 yrs | £10,469 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,070, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1941 kWh | 1495 kWh | 446 kWh | £383 | £45 | £428 | £13,519 | 31.6 yrs | £-4,961 |
| 3 kW | 2912 kWh | 2242 kWh | 670 kWh | £575 | £67 | £642 | £15,554 | 24.2 yrs | £-2,717 |
| 4 kW | 3882 kWh | 2989 kWh | 893 kWh | £766 | £89 | £856 | £17,588 | 20.6 yrs | £-473 |
| 5 kW | 4853 kWh | 3737 kWh | 1116 kWh | £958 | £112 | £1,070 | £19,623 | 18.3 yrs | £1,772 |
| 6 kW | 5823 kWh | 4484 kWh | 1339 kWh | £1,150 | £134 | £1,284 | £21,657 | 16.9 yrs | £4,016 |
| 7 kW | 6794 kWh | 5231 kWh | 1563 kWh | £1,341 | £156 | £1,498 | £23,692 | 15.8 yrs | £6,260 |
| 8 kW | 7765 kWh | 5979 kWh | 1786 kWh | £1,533 | £179 | £1,712 | £25,726 | 15.0 yrs | £8,505 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.