A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 905 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £762, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1810 kWh | 724 kWh | 1086 kWh | £196 | £109 | £305 | £4,069 | 13.3 yrs | £2,029 |
| 3 kW | 2715 kWh | 1086 kWh | 1629 kWh | £294 | £163 | £457 | £6,104 | 13.3 yrs | £3,043 |
| 4 kW | 3620 kWh | 1448 kWh | 2172 kWh | £393 | £217 | £610 | £8,138 | 13.3 yrs | £4,057 |
| 5 kW | 4525 kWh | 1810 kWh | 2715 kWh | £491 | £272 | £762 | £10,173 | 13.3 yrs | £5,071 |
| 6 kW | 5430 kWh | 2172 kWh | 3258 kWh | £589 | £326 | £915 | £12,207 | 13.3 yrs | £6,086 |
| 7 kW | 6335 kWh | 2534 kWh | 3801 kWh | £687 | £380 | £1,067 | £14,242 | 13.3 yrs | £7,100 |
| 8 kW | 7240 kWh | 2896 kWh | 4344 kWh | £785 | £434 | £1,220 | £16,276 | 13.3 yrs | £8,114 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £917, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1810 kWh | 1086 kWh | 724 kWh | £294 | £72 | £367 | £6,169 | 16.8 yrs | £1,167 |
| 3 kW | 2715 kWh | 1629 kWh | 1086 kWh | £442 | £109 | £550 | £8,204 | 14.9 yrs | £2,801 |
| 4 kW | 3620 kWh | 2172 kWh | 1448 kWh | £589 | £145 | £734 | £10,238 | 14.0 yrs | £4,435 |
| 5 kW | 4525 kWh | 2715 kWh | 1810 kWh | £736 | £181 | £917 | £12,273 | 13.4 yrs | £6,068 |
| 6 kW | 5430 kWh | 3258 kWh | 2172 kWh | £883 | £217 | £1,100 | £14,307 | 13.0 yrs | £7,702 |
| 7 kW | 6335 kWh | 3801 kWh | 2534 kWh | £1,030 | £253 | £1,284 | £16,342 | 12.7 yrs | £9,335 |
| 8 kW | 7240 kWh | 4344 kWh | 2896 kWh | £1,178 | £290 | £1,467 | £18,376 | 12.5 yrs | £10,969 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £994, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1810 kWh | 1267 kWh | 543 kWh | £343 | £54 | £398 | £7,569 | 19.0 yrs | £387 |
| 3 kW | 2715 kWh | 1900 kWh | 815 kWh | £515 | £81 | £597 | £9,604 | 16.1 yrs | £2,330 |
| 4 kW | 3620 kWh | 2534 kWh | 1086 kWh | £687 | £109 | £796 | £11,638 | 14.6 yrs | £4,273 |
| 5 kW | 4525 kWh | 3168 kWh | 1358 kWh | £859 | £136 | £994 | £13,673 | 13.7 yrs | £6,217 |
| 6 kW | 5430 kWh | 3801 kWh | 1629 kWh | £1,030 | £163 | £1,193 | £15,707 | 13.2 yrs | £8,160 |
| 7 kW | 6335 kWh | 4434 kWh | 1900 kWh | £1,202 | £190 | £1,392 | £17,742 | 12.7 yrs | £10,103 |
| 8 kW | 7240 kWh | 5068 kWh | 2172 kWh | £1,374 | £217 | £1,591 | £19,776 | 12.4 yrs | £12,047 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,018, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1810 kWh | 1321 kWh | 489 kWh | £358 | £49 | £407 | £9,319 | 22.9 yrs | £-1,178 |
| 3 kW | 2715 kWh | 1982 kWh | 733 kWh | £537 | £73 | £611 | £11,354 | 18.6 yrs | £859 |
| 4 kW | 3620 kWh | 2643 kWh | 977 kWh | £716 | £98 | £814 | £13,388 | 16.4 yrs | £2,895 |
| 5 kW | 4525 kWh | 3303 kWh | 1222 kWh | £896 | £122 | £1,018 | £15,423 | 15.2 yrs | £4,931 |
| 6 kW | 5430 kWh | 3964 kWh | 1466 kWh | £1,075 | £147 | £1,221 | £17,457 | 14.3 yrs | £6,967 |
| 7 kW | 6335 kWh | 4625 kWh | 1710 kWh | £1,254 | £171 | £1,425 | £19,492 | 13.7 yrs | £9,004 |
| 8 kW | 7240 kWh | 5285 kWh | 1955 kWh | £1,433 | £195 | £1,628 | £21,526 | 13.2 yrs | £11,040 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,033, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1810 kWh | 1358 kWh | 452 kWh | £368 | £45 | £413 | £11,069 | 26.8 yrs | £-2,804 |
| 3 kW | 2715 kWh | 2036 kWh | 679 kWh | £552 | £68 | £620 | £13,104 | 21.1 yrs | £-705 |
| 4 kW | 3620 kWh | 2715 kWh | 905 kWh | £736 | £90 | £827 | £15,138 | 18.3 yrs | £1,393 |
| 5 kW | 4525 kWh | 3394 kWh | 1131 kWh | £920 | £113 | £1,033 | £17,173 | 16.6 yrs | £3,491 |
| 6 kW | 5430 kWh | 4072 kWh | 1358 kWh | £1,104 | £136 | £1,240 | £19,207 | 15.5 yrs | £5,589 |
| 7 kW | 6335 kWh | 4751 kWh | 1584 kWh | £1,288 | £158 | £1,446 | £21,242 | 14.7 yrs | £7,687 |
| 8 kW | 7240 kWh | 5430 kWh | 1810 kWh | £1,472 | £181 | £1,653 | £23,276 | 14.1 yrs | £9,785 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,049, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1810 kWh | 1394 kWh | 416 kWh | £378 | £42 | £419 | £13,519 | 32.2 yrs | £-5,130 |
| 3 kW | 2715 kWh | 2091 kWh | 624 kWh | £567 | £62 | £629 | £15,554 | 24.7 yrs | £-2,970 |
| 4 kW | 3620 kWh | 2787 kWh | 833 kWh | £756 | £83 | £839 | £17,588 | 21.0 yrs | £-810 |
| 5 kW | 4525 kWh | 3484 kWh | 1041 kWh | £945 | £104 | £1,049 | £19,623 | 18.7 yrs | £1,351 |
| 6 kW | 5430 kWh | 4181 kWh | 1249 kWh | £1,133 | £125 | £1,258 | £21,657 | 17.2 yrs | £3,511 |
| 7 kW | 6335 kWh | 4878 kWh | 1457 kWh | £1,322 | £146 | £1,468 | £23,692 | 16.1 yrs | £5,671 |
| 8 kW | 7240 kWh | 5575 kWh | 1665 kWh | £1,511 | £167 | £1,678 | £25,726 | 15.3 yrs | £7,831 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.