A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 908 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.7p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £776, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1816 kWh | 726 kWh | 1090 kWh | £201 | £109 | £310 | £4,069 | 13.1 yrs | £2,137 |
| 3 kW | 2724 kWh | 1090 kWh | 1634 kWh | £302 | £163 | £465 | £6,104 | 13.1 yrs | £3,206 |
| 4 kW | 3632 kWh | 1453 kWh | 2179 kWh | £403 | £218 | £621 | £8,138 | 13.1 yrs | £4,274 |
| 5 kW | 4540 kWh | 1816 kWh | 2724 kWh | £503 | £272 | £776 | £10,173 | 13.1 yrs | £5,343 |
| 6 kW | 5448 kWh | 2179 kWh | 3269 kWh | £604 | £327 | £931 | £12,207 | 13.1 yrs | £6,411 |
| 7 kW | 6356 kWh | 2542 kWh | 3813 kWh | £705 | £381 | £1,086 | £14,242 | 13.1 yrs | £7,480 |
| 8 kW | 7264 kWh | 2906 kWh | 4358 kWh | £805 | £436 | £1,241 | £16,276 | 13.1 yrs | £8,549 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £937, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1816 kWh | 1090 kWh | 726 kWh | £302 | £73 | £375 | £6,169 | 16.5 yrs | £1,324 |
| 3 kW | 2724 kWh | 1634 kWh | 1090 kWh | £453 | £109 | £562 | £8,204 | 14.6 yrs | £3,036 |
| 4 kW | 3632 kWh | 2179 kWh | 1453 kWh | £604 | £145 | £749 | £10,238 | 13.7 yrs | £4,749 |
| 5 kW | 4540 kWh | 2724 kWh | 1816 kWh | £755 | £182 | £937 | £12,273 | 13.1 yrs | £6,461 |
| 6 kW | 5448 kWh | 3269 kWh | 2179 kWh | £906 | £218 | £1,124 | £14,307 | 12.7 yrs | £8,173 |
| 7 kW | 6356 kWh | 3813 kWh | 2542 kWh | £1,057 | £254 | £1,311 | £16,342 | 12.5 yrs | £9,885 |
| 8 kW | 7264 kWh | 4358 kWh | 2906 kWh | £1,208 | £291 | £1,499 | £18,376 | 12.3 yrs | £11,597 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,017, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1816 kWh | 1271 kWh | 545 kWh | £352 | £54 | £407 | £7,569 | 18.6 yrs | £568 |
| 3 kW | 2724 kWh | 1907 kWh | 817 kWh | £529 | £82 | £610 | £9,604 | 15.7 yrs | £2,602 |
| 4 kW | 3632 kWh | 2542 kWh | 1090 kWh | £705 | £109 | £814 | £11,638 | 14.3 yrs | £4,636 |
| 5 kW | 4540 kWh | 3178 kWh | 1362 kWh | £881 | £136 | £1,017 | £13,673 | 13.4 yrs | £6,670 |
| 6 kW | 5448 kWh | 3813 kWh | 1634 kWh | £1,057 | £163 | £1,221 | £15,707 | 12.9 yrs | £8,704 |
| 7 kW | 6356 kWh | 4449 kWh | 1907 kWh | £1,233 | £191 | £1,424 | £17,742 | 12.5 yrs | £10,737 |
| 8 kW | 7264 kWh | 5085 kWh | 2179 kWh | £1,409 | £218 | £1,627 | £19,776 | 12.2 yrs | £12,771 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,041, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1816 kWh | 1326 kWh | 490 kWh | £367 | £49 | £416 | £9,319 | 22.4 yrs | £-989 |
| 3 kW | 2724 kWh | 1988 kWh | 735 kWh | £551 | £74 | £625 | £11,354 | 18.2 yrs | £1,141 |
| 4 kW | 3632 kWh | 2651 kWh | 981 kWh | £735 | £98 | £833 | £13,388 | 16.1 yrs | £3,272 |
| 5 kW | 4540 kWh | 3314 kWh | 1226 kWh | £919 | £123 | £1,041 | £15,423 | 14.8 yrs | £5,402 |
| 6 kW | 5448 kWh | 3977 kWh | 1471 kWh | £1,102 | £147 | £1,249 | £17,457 | 14.0 yrs | £7,533 |
| 7 kW | 6356 kWh | 4640 kWh | 1716 kWh | £1,286 | £172 | £1,458 | £19,492 | 13.4 yrs | £9,663 |
| 8 kW | 7264 kWh | 5303 kWh | 1961 kWh | £1,470 | £196 | £1,666 | £21,526 | 12.9 yrs | £11,794 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,057, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1816 kWh | 1362 kWh | 454 kWh | £378 | £45 | £423 | £11,069 | 26.2 yrs | £-2,610 |
| 3 kW | 2724 kWh | 2043 kWh | 681 kWh | £566 | £68 | £634 | £13,104 | 20.7 yrs | £-416 |
| 4 kW | 3632 kWh | 2724 kWh | 908 kWh | £755 | £91 | £846 | £15,138 | 17.9 yrs | £1,779 |
| 5 kW | 4540 kWh | 3405 kWh | 1135 kWh | £944 | £113 | £1,057 | £17,173 | 16.2 yrs | £3,974 |
| 6 kW | 5448 kWh | 4086 kWh | 1362 kWh | £1,133 | £136 | £1,269 | £19,207 | 15.1 yrs | £6,169 |
| 7 kW | 6356 kWh | 4767 kWh | 1589 kWh | £1,321 | £159 | £1,480 | £21,242 | 14.3 yrs | £8,364 |
| 8 kW | 7264 kWh | 5448 kWh | 1816 kWh | £1,510 | £182 | £1,692 | £23,276 | 13.8 yrs | £10,559 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,073, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1816 kWh | 1398 kWh | 418 kWh | £388 | £42 | £429 | £13,519 | 31.5 yrs | £-4,932 |
| 3 kW | 2724 kWh | 2097 kWh | 626 kWh | £581 | £63 | £644 | £15,554 | 24.1 yrs | £-2,672 |
| 4 kW | 3632 kWh | 2797 kWh | 835 kWh | £775 | £84 | £859 | £17,588 | 20.5 yrs | £-413 |
| 5 kW | 4540 kWh | 3496 kWh | 1044 kWh | £969 | £104 | £1,073 | £19,623 | 18.3 yrs | £1,846 |
| 6 kW | 5448 kWh | 4195 kWh | 1253 kWh | £1,163 | £125 | £1,288 | £21,657 | 16.8 yrs | £4,105 |
| 7 kW | 6356 kWh | 4894 kWh | 1462 kWh | £1,357 | £146 | £1,503 | £23,692 | 15.8 yrs | £6,364 |
| 8 kW | 7264 kWh | 5593 kWh | 1671 kWh | £1,550 | £167 | £1,717 | £25,726 | 15.0 yrs | £8,623 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.