A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 999 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £829, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1999 kWh | 800 kWh | 1199 kWh | £212 | £120 | £332 | £4,069 | 12.3 yrs | £2,564 |
| 3 kW | 2998 kWh | 1199 kWh | 1799 kWh | £318 | £180 | £497 | £6,104 | 12.3 yrs | £3,846 |
| 4 kW | 3998 kWh | 1599 kWh | 2399 kWh | £423 | £240 | £663 | £8,138 | 12.3 yrs | £5,127 |
| 5 kW | 4997 kWh | 1999 kWh | 2998 kWh | £529 | £300 | £829 | £10,173 | 12.3 yrs | £6,409 |
| 6 kW | 5996 kWh | 2399 kWh | 3598 kWh | £635 | £360 | £995 | £12,207 | 12.3 yrs | £7,691 |
| 7 kW | 6996 kWh | 2798 kWh | 4197 kWh | £741 | £420 | £1,161 | £14,242 | 12.3 yrs | £8,973 |
| 8 kW | 7995 kWh | 3198 kWh | 4797 kWh | £847 | £480 | £1,327 | £16,276 | 12.3 yrs | £10,255 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £994, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1999 kWh | 1199 kWh | 800 kWh | £318 | £80 | £398 | £6,169 | 15.5 yrs | £1,781 |
| 3 kW | 2998 kWh | 1799 kWh | 1199 kWh | £476 | £120 | £596 | £8,204 | 13.8 yrs | £3,722 |
| 4 kW | 3998 kWh | 2399 kWh | 1599 kWh | £635 | £160 | £795 | £10,238 | 12.9 yrs | £5,663 |
| 5 kW | 4997 kWh | 2998 kWh | 1999 kWh | £794 | £200 | £994 | £12,273 | 12.3 yrs | £7,603 |
| 6 kW | 5996 kWh | 3598 kWh | 2399 kWh | £953 | £240 | £1,193 | £14,307 | 12.0 yrs | £9,544 |
| 7 kW | 6996 kWh | 4197 kWh | 2798 kWh | £1,111 | £280 | £1,391 | £16,342 | 11.7 yrs | £11,485 |
| 8 kW | 7995 kWh | 4797 kWh | 3198 kWh | £1,270 | £320 | £1,590 | £18,376 | 11.6 yrs | £13,425 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,076, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1999 kWh | 1399 kWh | 600 kWh | £370 | £60 | £430 | £7,569 | 17.6 yrs | £1,040 |
| 3 kW | 2998 kWh | 2099 kWh | 899 kWh | £556 | £90 | £646 | £9,604 | 14.9 yrs | £3,310 |
| 4 kW | 3998 kWh | 2798 kWh | 1199 kWh | £741 | £120 | £861 | £11,638 | 13.5 yrs | £5,580 |
| 5 kW | 4997 kWh | 3498 kWh | 1499 kWh | £926 | £150 | £1,076 | £13,673 | 12.7 yrs | £7,850 |
| 6 kW | 5996 kWh | 4197 kWh | 1799 kWh | £1,111 | £180 | £1,291 | £15,707 | 12.2 yrs | £10,120 |
| 7 kW | 6996 kWh | 4897 kWh | 2099 kWh | £1,297 | £210 | £1,507 | £17,742 | 11.8 yrs | £12,390 |
| 8 kW | 7995 kWh | 5597 kWh | 2399 kWh | £1,482 | £240 | £1,722 | £19,776 | 11.5 yrs | £14,661 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,101, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1999 kWh | 1459 kWh | 540 kWh | £386 | £54 | £440 | £9,319 | 21.2 yrs | £-512 |
| 3 kW | 2998 kWh | 2189 kWh | 810 kWh | £580 | £81 | £661 | £11,354 | 17.2 yrs | £1,857 |
| 4 kW | 3998 kWh | 2918 kWh | 1079 kWh | £773 | £108 | £881 | £13,388 | 15.2 yrs | £4,226 |
| 5 kW | 4997 kWh | 3648 kWh | 1349 kWh | £966 | £135 | £1,101 | £15,423 | 14.0 yrs | £6,594 |
| 6 kW | 5996 kWh | 4377 kWh | 1619 kWh | £1,159 | £162 | £1,321 | £17,457 | 13.2 yrs | £8,963 |
| 7 kW | 6996 kWh | 5107 kWh | 1889 kWh | £1,352 | £189 | £1,541 | £19,492 | 12.6 yrs | £11,332 |
| 8 kW | 7995 kWh | 5836 kWh | 2159 kWh | £1,545 | £216 | £1,761 | £21,526 | 12.2 yrs | £13,701 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,117, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1999 kWh | 1499 kWh | 500 kWh | £397 | £50 | £447 | £11,069 | 24.8 yrs | £-2,130 |
| 3 kW | 2998 kWh | 2249 kWh | 750 kWh | £595 | £75 | £670 | £13,104 | 19.5 yrs | £304 |
| 4 kW | 3998 kWh | 2998 kWh | 999 kWh | £794 | £100 | £894 | £15,138 | 16.9 yrs | £2,739 |
| 5 kW | 4997 kWh | 3748 kWh | 1249 kWh | £992 | £125 | £1,117 | £17,173 | 15.4 yrs | £5,174 |
| 6 kW | 5996 kWh | 4497 kWh | 1499 kWh | £1,191 | £150 | £1,341 | £19,207 | 14.3 yrs | £7,609 |
| 7 kW | 6996 kWh | 5247 kWh | 1749 kWh | £1,389 | £175 | £1,564 | £21,242 | 13.6 yrs | £10,043 |
| 8 kW | 7995 kWh | 5996 kWh | 1999 kWh | £1,588 | £200 | £1,788 | £23,276 | 13.0 yrs | £12,478 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,134, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1999 kWh | 1539 kWh | 460 kWh | £408 | £46 | £454 | £13,519 | 29.8 yrs | £-4,449 |
| 3 kW | 2998 kWh | 2309 kWh | 690 kWh | £611 | £69 | £680 | £15,554 | 22.9 yrs | £-1,948 |
| 4 kW | 3998 kWh | 3078 kWh | 919 kWh | £815 | £92 | £907 | £17,588 | 19.4 yrs | £553 |
| 5 kW | 4997 kWh | 3848 kWh | 1149 kWh | £1,019 | £115 | £1,134 | £19,623 | 17.3 yrs | £3,053 |
| 6 kW | 5996 kWh | 4617 kWh | 1379 kWh | £1,223 | £138 | £1,361 | £21,657 | 15.9 yrs | £5,554 |
| 7 kW | 6996 kWh | 5387 kWh | 1609 kWh | £1,426 | £161 | £1,587 | £23,692 | 14.9 yrs | £8,054 |
| 8 kW | 7995 kWh | 6156 kWh | 1839 kWh | £1,630 | £184 | £1,814 | £25,726 | 14.2 yrs | £10,555 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.