A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 924 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.4p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £747, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1848 kWh | 739 kWh | 1109 kWh | £188 | £111 | £299 | £4,069 | 13.6 yrs | £1,910 |
| 3 kW | 2773 kWh | 1109 kWh | 1664 kWh | £282 | £166 | £448 | £6,104 | 13.6 yrs | £2,864 |
| 4 kW | 3697 kWh | 1479 kWh | 2218 kWh | £376 | £222 | £598 | £8,138 | 13.6 yrs | £3,819 |
| 5 kW | 4621 kWh | 1848 kWh | 2773 kWh | £470 | £277 | £747 | £10,173 | 13.6 yrs | £4,774 |
| 6 kW | 5545 kWh | 2218 kWh | 3327 kWh | £564 | £333 | £897 | £12,207 | 13.6 yrs | £5,729 |
| 7 kW | 6470 kWh | 2588 kWh | 3882 kWh | £658 | £388 | £1,046 | £14,242 | 13.6 yrs | £6,684 |
| 8 kW | 7394 kWh | 2958 kWh | 4436 kWh | £752 | £444 | £1,196 | £16,276 | 13.6 yrs | £7,638 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £890, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1848 kWh | 1109 kWh | 739 kWh | £282 | £74 | £356 | £6,169 | 17.3 yrs | £950 |
| 3 kW | 2773 kWh | 1664 kWh | 1109 kWh | £423 | £111 | £534 | £8,204 | 15.4 yrs | £2,476 |
| 4 kW | 3697 kWh | 2218 kWh | 1479 kWh | £564 | £148 | £712 | £10,238 | 14.4 yrs | £4,001 |
| 5 kW | 4621 kWh | 2773 kWh | 1848 kWh | £705 | £185 | £890 | £12,273 | 13.8 yrs | £5,526 |
| 6 kW | 5545 kWh | 3327 kWh | 2218 kWh | £846 | £222 | £1,068 | £14,307 | 13.4 yrs | £7,051 |
| 7 kW | 6470 kWh | 3882 kWh | 2588 kWh | £987 | £259 | £1,246 | £16,342 | 13.1 yrs | £8,577 |
| 8 kW | 7394 kWh | 4436 kWh | 2958 kWh | £1,128 | £296 | £1,424 | £18,376 | 12.9 yrs | £10,102 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £961, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1848 kWh | 1294 kWh | 555 kWh | £329 | £55 | £384 | £7,569 | 19.7 yrs | £121 |
| 3 kW | 2773 kWh | 1941 kWh | 832 kWh | £494 | £83 | £577 | £9,604 | 16.7 yrs | £1,931 |
| 4 kW | 3697 kWh | 2588 kWh | 1109 kWh | £658 | £111 | £769 | £11,638 | 15.1 yrs | £3,742 |
| 5 kW | 4621 kWh | 3235 kWh | 1386 kWh | £823 | £139 | £961 | £13,673 | 14.2 yrs | £5,552 |
| 6 kW | 5545 kWh | 3882 kWh | 1664 kWh | £987 | £166 | £1,153 | £15,707 | 13.6 yrs | £7,363 |
| 7 kW | 6470 kWh | 4529 kWh | 1941 kWh | £1,152 | £194 | £1,346 | £17,742 | 13.2 yrs | £9,173 |
| 8 kW | 7394 kWh | 5176 kWh | 2218 kWh | £1,316 | £222 | £1,538 | £19,776 | 12.9 yrs | £10,983 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £983, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1848 kWh | 1349 kWh | 499 kWh | £343 | £50 | £393 | £9,319 | 23.7 yrs | £-1,458 |
| 3 kW | 2773 kWh | 2024 kWh | 749 kWh | £515 | £75 | £590 | £11,354 | 19.3 yrs | £438 |
| 4 kW | 3697 kWh | 2699 kWh | 998 kWh | £686 | £100 | £786 | £13,388 | 17.0 yrs | £2,334 |
| 5 kW | 4621 kWh | 3373 kWh | 1248 kWh | £858 | £125 | £983 | £15,423 | 15.7 yrs | £4,230 |
| 6 kW | 5545 kWh | 4048 kWh | 1497 kWh | £1,029 | £150 | £1,179 | £17,457 | 14.8 yrs | £6,126 |
| 7 kW | 6470 kWh | 4723 kWh | 1747 kWh | £1,201 | £175 | £1,376 | £19,492 | 14.2 yrs | £8,022 |
| 8 kW | 7394 kWh | 5397 kWh | 1996 kWh | £1,373 | £200 | £1,572 | £21,526 | 13.7 yrs | £9,918 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £997, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1848 kWh | 1386 kWh | 462 kWh | £353 | £46 | £399 | £11,069 | 27.8 yrs | £-3,094 |
| 3 kW | 2773 kWh | 2079 kWh | 693 kWh | £529 | £69 | £598 | £13,104 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,141 |
| 4 kW | 3697 kWh | 2773 kWh | 924 kWh | £705 | £92 | £798 | £15,138 | 19.0 yrs | £812 |
| 5 kW | 4621 kWh | 3466 kWh | 1155 kWh | £881 | £116 | £997 | £17,173 | 17.2 yrs | £2,765 |
| 6 kW | 5545 kWh | 4159 kWh | 1386 kWh | £1,058 | £139 | £1,196 | £19,207 | 16.1 yrs | £4,718 |
| 7 kW | 6470 kWh | 4852 kWh | 1617 kWh | £1,234 | £162 | £1,396 | £21,242 | 15.2 yrs | £6,671 |
| 8 kW | 7394 kWh | 5545 kWh | 1848 kWh | £1,410 | £185 | £1,595 | £23,276 | 14.6 yrs | £8,624 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,011, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1848 kWh | 1423 kWh | 425 kWh | £362 | £43 | £404 | £13,519 | 33.4 yrs | £-5,430 |
| 3 kW | 2773 kWh | 2135 kWh | 638 kWh | £543 | £64 | £607 | £15,554 | 25.6 yrs | £-3,420 |
| 4 kW | 3697 kWh | 2847 kWh | 850 kWh | £724 | £85 | £809 | £17,588 | 21.7 yrs | £-1,410 |
| 5 kW | 4621 kWh | 3558 kWh | 1063 kWh | £905 | £106 | £1,011 | £19,623 | 19.4 yrs | £600 |
| 6 kW | 5545 kWh | 4270 kWh | 1275 kWh | £1,086 | £128 | £1,213 | £21,657 | 17.8 yrs | £2,610 |
| 7 kW | 6470 kWh | 4982 kWh | 1488 kWh | £1,267 | £149 | £1,416 | £23,692 | 16.7 yrs | £4,621 |
| 8 kW | 7394 kWh | 5693 kWh | 1701 kWh | £1,448 | £170 | £1,618 | £25,726 | 15.9 yrs | £6,631 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.