A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1059 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £888, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2118 kWh | 847 kWh | 1271 kWh | £228 | £127 | £355 | £4,069 | 11.5 yrs | £3,035 |
| 3 kW | 3178 kWh | 1271 kWh | 1907 kWh | £342 | £191 | £533 | £6,104 | 11.5 yrs | £4,553 |
| 4 kW | 4237 kWh | 1695 kWh | 2542 kWh | £456 | £254 | £710 | £8,138 | 11.5 yrs | £6,071 |
| 5 kW | 5296 kWh | 2118 kWh | 3178 kWh | £570 | £318 | £888 | £10,173 | 11.5 yrs | £7,589 |
| 6 kW | 6355 kWh | 2542 kWh | 3813 kWh | £684 | £381 | £1,066 | £12,207 | 11.5 yrs | £9,106 |
| 7 kW | 7415 kWh | 2966 kWh | 4449 kWh | £798 | £445 | £1,243 | £14,242 | 11.5 yrs | £10,624 |
| 8 kW | 8474 kWh | 3390 kWh | 5084 kWh | £912 | £508 | £1,421 | £16,276 | 11.5 yrs | £12,142 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,067, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2118 kWh | 1271 kWh | 847 kWh | £342 | £85 | £427 | £6,169 | 14.5 yrs | £2,369 |
| 3 kW | 3178 kWh | 1907 kWh | 1271 kWh | £513 | £127 | £640 | £8,204 | 12.8 yrs | £4,604 |
| 4 kW | 4237 kWh | 2542 kWh | 1695 kWh | £684 | £169 | £854 | £10,238 | 12.0 yrs | £6,838 |
| 5 kW | 5296 kWh | 3178 kWh | 2118 kWh | £855 | £212 | £1,067 | £12,273 | 11.5 yrs | £9,073 |
| 6 kW | 6355 kWh | 3813 kWh | 2542 kWh | £1,027 | £254 | £1,281 | £14,307 | 11.2 yrs | £11,308 |
| 7 kW | 7415 kWh | 4449 kWh | 2966 kWh | £1,198 | £297 | £1,494 | £16,342 | 10.9 yrs | £13,542 |
| 8 kW | 8474 kWh | 5084 kWh | 3390 kWh | £1,369 | £339 | £1,708 | £18,376 | 10.8 yrs | £15,777 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,157, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2118 kWh | 1483 kWh | 636 kWh | £399 | £64 | £463 | £7,569 | 16.4 yrs | £1,686 |
| 3 kW | 3178 kWh | 2224 kWh | 953 kWh | £599 | £95 | £694 | £9,604 | 13.8 yrs | £4,279 |
| 4 kW | 4237 kWh | 2966 kWh | 1271 kWh | £798 | £127 | £926 | £11,638 | 12.6 yrs | £6,872 |
| 5 kW | 5296 kWh | 3707 kWh | 1589 kWh | £998 | £159 | £1,157 | £13,673 | 11.8 yrs | £9,465 |
| 6 kW | 6355 kWh | 4449 kWh | 1907 kWh | £1,198 | £191 | £1,388 | £15,707 | 11.3 yrs | £12,058 |
| 7 kW | 7415 kWh | 5190 kWh | 2224 kWh | £1,397 | £222 | £1,620 | £17,742 | 11.0 yrs | £14,651 |
| 8 kW | 8474 kWh | 5932 kWh | 2542 kWh | £1,597 | £254 | £1,851 | £19,776 | 10.7 yrs | £17,244 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,184, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2118 kWh | 1546 kWh | 572 kWh | £416 | £57 | £474 | £9,319 | 19.7 yrs | £151 |
| 3 kW | 3178 kWh | 2320 kWh | 858 kWh | £624 | £86 | £710 | £11,354 | 16.0 yrs | £2,852 |
| 4 kW | 4237 kWh | 3093 kWh | 1144 kWh | £833 | £114 | £947 | £13,388 | 14.1 yrs | £5,552 |
| 5 kW | 5296 kWh | 3866 kWh | 1430 kWh | £1,041 | £143 | £1,184 | £15,423 | 13.0 yrs | £8,253 |
| 6 kW | 6355 kWh | 4639 kWh | 1716 kWh | £1,249 | £172 | £1,421 | £17,457 | 12.3 yrs | £10,954 |
| 7 kW | 7415 kWh | 5413 kWh | 2002 kWh | £1,457 | £200 | £1,657 | £19,492 | 11.8 yrs | £13,654 |
| 8 kW | 8474 kWh | 6186 kWh | 2288 kWh | £1,665 | £229 | £1,894 | £21,526 | 11.4 yrs | £16,355 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,202, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2118 kWh | 1589 kWh | 530 kWh | £428 | £53 | £481 | £11,069 | 23.0 yrs | £-1,455 |
| 3 kW | 3178 kWh | 2383 kWh | 794 kWh | £642 | £79 | £721 | £13,104 | 18.2 yrs | £1,317 |
| 4 kW | 4237 kWh | 3178 kWh | 1059 kWh | £855 | £106 | £961 | £15,138 | 15.7 yrs | £4,089 |
| 5 kW | 5296 kWh | 3972 kWh | 1324 kWh | £1,069 | £132 | £1,202 | £17,173 | 14.3 yrs | £6,861 |
| 6 kW | 6355 kWh | 4767 kWh | 1589 kWh | £1,283 | £159 | £1,442 | £19,207 | 13.3 yrs | £9,634 |
| 7 kW | 7415 kWh | 5561 kWh | 1854 kWh | £1,497 | £185 | £1,682 | £21,242 | 12.6 yrs | £12,406 |
| 8 kW | 8474 kWh | 6355 kWh | 2118 kWh | £1,711 | £212 | £1,923 | £23,276 | 12.1 yrs | £15,178 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,220, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2118 kWh | 1631 kWh | 487 kWh | £439 | £49 | £488 | £13,519 | 27.7 yrs | £-3,762 |
| 3 kW | 3178 kWh | 2447 kWh | 731 kWh | £659 | £73 | £732 | £15,554 | 21.3 yrs | £-918 |
| 4 kW | 4237 kWh | 3262 kWh | 974 kWh | £878 | £97 | £976 | £17,588 | 18.0 yrs | £1,926 |
| 5 kW | 5296 kWh | 4078 kWh | 1218 kWh | £1,098 | £122 | £1,220 | £19,623 | 16.1 yrs | £4,770 |
| 6 kW | 6355 kWh | 4894 kWh | 1462 kWh | £1,317 | £146 | £1,464 | £21,657 | 14.8 yrs | £7,614 |
| 7 kW | 7415 kWh | 5709 kWh | 1705 kWh | £1,537 | £171 | £1,707 | £23,692 | 13.9 yrs | £10,458 |
| 8 kW | 8474 kWh | 6525 kWh | 1949 kWh | £1,756 | £195 | £1,951 | £25,726 | 13.2 yrs | £13,302 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.