A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1029 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £863, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2058 kWh | 823 kWh | 1235 kWh | £222 | £123 | £345 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,833 |
| 3 kW | 3087 kWh | 1235 kWh | 1852 kWh | £332 | £185 | £518 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,249 |
| 4 kW | 4116 kWh | 1646 kWh | 2470 kWh | £443 | £247 | £690 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,665 |
| 5 kW | 5145 kWh | 2058 kWh | 3087 kWh | £554 | £309 | £863 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £7,082 |
| 6 kW | 6174 kWh | 2470 kWh | 3704 kWh | £665 | £370 | £1,035 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,498 |
| 7 kW | 7203 kWh | 2881 kWh | 4322 kWh | £776 | £432 | £1,208 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,914 |
| 8 kW | 8232 kWh | 3293 kWh | 4939 kWh | £886 | £494 | £1,380 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,330 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,037, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2058 kWh | 1235 kWh | 823 kWh | £332 | £82 | £415 | £6,169 | 14.9 yrs | £2,125 |
| 3 kW | 3087 kWh | 1852 kWh | 1235 kWh | £499 | £123 | £622 | £8,204 | 13.2 yrs | £4,238 |
| 4 kW | 4116 kWh | 2470 kWh | 1646 kWh | £665 | £165 | £829 | £10,238 | 12.3 yrs | £6,351 |
| 5 kW | 5145 kWh | 3087 kWh | 2058 kWh | £831 | £206 | £1,037 | £12,273 | 11.8 yrs | £8,464 |
| 6 kW | 6174 kWh | 3704 kWh | 2470 kWh | £997 | £247 | £1,244 | £14,307 | 11.5 yrs | £10,576 |
| 7 kW | 7203 kWh | 4322 kWh | 2881 kWh | £1,163 | £288 | £1,452 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,689 |
| 8 kW | 8232 kWh | 4939 kWh | 3293 kWh | £1,330 | £329 | £1,659 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,802 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,124, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2058 kWh | 1441 kWh | 617 kWh | £388 | £62 | £450 | £7,569 | 16.8 yrs | £1,422 |
| 3 kW | 3087 kWh | 2161 kWh | 926 kWh | £582 | £93 | £674 | £9,604 | 14.2 yrs | £3,883 |
| 4 kW | 4116 kWh | 2881 kWh | 1235 kWh | £776 | £123 | £899 | £11,638 | 12.9 yrs | £6,344 |
| 5 kW | 5145 kWh | 3601 kWh | 1543 kWh | £970 | £154 | £1,124 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,805 |
| 6 kW | 6174 kWh | 4322 kWh | 1852 kWh | £1,163 | £185 | £1,349 | £15,707 | 11.6 yrs | £11,266 |
| 7 kW | 7203 kWh | 5042 kWh | 2161 kWh | £1,357 | £216 | £1,573 | £17,742 | 11.3 yrs | £13,727 |
| 8 kW | 8232 kWh | 5762 kWh | 2470 kWh | £1,551 | £247 | £1,798 | £19,776 | 11.0 yrs | £16,188 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,150, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2058 kWh | 1502 kWh | 556 kWh | £404 | £56 | £460 | £9,319 | 20.3 yrs | £-119 |
| 3 kW | 3087 kWh | 2253 kWh | 833 kWh | £607 | £83 | £690 | £11,354 | 16.5 yrs | £2,446 |
| 4 kW | 4116 kWh | 3005 kWh | 1111 kWh | £809 | £111 | £920 | £13,388 | 14.6 yrs | £5,012 |
| 5 kW | 5145 kWh | 3756 kWh | 1389 kWh | £1,011 | £139 | £1,150 | £15,423 | 13.4 yrs | £7,577 |
| 6 kW | 6174 kWh | 4507 kWh | 1667 kWh | £1,213 | £167 | £1,380 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £10,142 |
| 7 kW | 7203 kWh | 5258 kWh | 1945 kWh | £1,415 | £194 | £1,610 | £19,492 | 12.1 yrs | £12,708 |
| 8 kW | 8232 kWh | 6009 kWh | 2223 kWh | £1,618 | £222 | £1,840 | £21,526 | 11.7 yrs | £15,273 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,167, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2058 kWh | 1543 kWh | 514 kWh | £416 | £51 | £467 | £11,069 | 23.7 yrs | £-1,730 |
| 3 kW | 3087 kWh | 2315 kWh | 772 kWh | £623 | £77 | £700 | £13,104 | 18.7 yrs | £905 |
| 4 kW | 4116 kWh | 3087 kWh | 1029 kWh | £831 | £103 | £934 | £15,138 | 16.2 yrs | £3,540 |
| 5 kW | 5145 kWh | 3859 kWh | 1286 kWh | £1,039 | £129 | £1,167 | £17,173 | 14.7 yrs | £6,175 |
| 6 kW | 6174 kWh | 4630 kWh | 1543 kWh | £1,247 | £154 | £1,401 | £19,207 | 13.7 yrs | £8,810 |
| 7 kW | 7203 kWh | 5402 kWh | 1801 kWh | £1,454 | £180 | £1,634 | £21,242 | 13.0 yrs | £11,445 |
| 8 kW | 8232 kWh | 6174 kWh | 2058 kWh | £1,662 | £206 | £1,868 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £14,080 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,185, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2058 kWh | 1585 kWh | 473 kWh | £427 | £47 | £474 | £13,519 | 28.5 yrs | £-4,041 |
| 3 kW | 3087 kWh | 2377 kWh | 710 kWh | £640 | £71 | £711 | £15,554 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,336 |
| 4 kW | 4116 kWh | 3169 kWh | 947 kWh | £853 | £95 | £948 | £17,588 | 18.6 yrs | £1,369 |
| 5 kW | 5145 kWh | 3962 kWh | 1183 kWh | £1,066 | £118 | £1,185 | £19,623 | 16.6 yrs | £4,073 |
| 6 kW | 6174 kWh | 4754 kWh | 1420 kWh | £1,280 | £142 | £1,422 | £21,657 | 15.2 yrs | £6,778 |
| 7 kW | 7203 kWh | 5546 kWh | 1657 kWh | £1,493 | £166 | £1,659 | £23,692 | 14.3 yrs | £9,483 |
| 8 kW | 8232 kWh | 6339 kWh | 1893 kWh | £1,706 | £189 | £1,896 | £25,726 | 13.6 yrs | £12,188 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.