A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 916 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.4p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £740, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1831 kWh | 733 kWh | 1099 kWh | £186 | £110 | £296 | £4,069 | 13.7 yrs | £1,854 |
| 3 kW | 2747 kWh | 1099 kWh | 1648 kWh | £279 | £165 | £444 | £6,104 | 13.7 yrs | £2,781 |
| 4 kW | 3663 kWh | 1465 kWh | 2198 kWh | £373 | £220 | £592 | £8,138 | 13.7 yrs | £3,708 |
| 5 kW | 4578 kWh | 1831 kWh | 2747 kWh | £466 | £275 | £740 | £10,173 | 13.7 yrs | £4,635 |
| 6 kW | 5494 kWh | 2198 kWh | 3296 kWh | £559 | £330 | £888 | £12,207 | 13.7 yrs | £5,562 |
| 7 kW | 6409 kWh | 2564 kWh | 3846 kWh | £652 | £385 | £1,037 | £14,242 | 13.7 yrs | £6,489 |
| 8 kW | 7325 kWh | 2930 kWh | 4395 kWh | £745 | £440 | £1,185 | £16,276 | 13.7 yrs | £7,416 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £882, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1831 kWh | 1099 kWh | 733 kWh | £279 | £73 | £353 | £6,169 | 17.5 yrs | £884 |
| 3 kW | 2747 kWh | 1648 kWh | 1099 kWh | £419 | £110 | £529 | £8,204 | 15.5 yrs | £2,377 |
| 4 kW | 3663 kWh | 2198 kWh | 1465 kWh | £559 | £147 | £705 | £10,238 | 14.5 yrs | £3,869 |
| 5 kW | 4578 kWh | 2747 kWh | 1831 kWh | £699 | £183 | £882 | £12,273 | 13.9 yrs | £5,361 |
| 6 kW | 5494 kWh | 3296 kWh | 2198 kWh | £838 | £220 | £1,058 | £14,307 | 13.5 yrs | £6,853 |
| 7 kW | 6409 kWh | 3846 kWh | 2564 kWh | £978 | £256 | £1,234 | £16,342 | 13.2 yrs | £8,345 |
| 8 kW | 7325 kWh | 4395 kWh | 2930 kWh | £1,118 | £293 | £1,411 | £18,376 | 13.0 yrs | £9,837 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £952, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1831 kWh | 1282 kWh | 549 kWh | £326 | £55 | £381 | £7,569 | 19.9 yrs | £49 |
| 3 kW | 2747 kWh | 1923 kWh | 824 kWh | £489 | £82 | £571 | £9,604 | 16.8 yrs | £1,824 |
| 4 kW | 3663 kWh | 2564 kWh | 1099 kWh | £652 | £110 | £762 | £11,638 | 15.3 yrs | £3,599 |
| 5 kW | 4578 kWh | 3205 kWh | 1373 kWh | £815 | £137 | £952 | £13,673 | 14.4 yrs | £5,374 |
| 6 kW | 5494 kWh | 3846 kWh | 1648 kWh | £978 | £165 | £1,143 | £15,707 | 13.7 yrs | £7,148 |
| 7 kW | 6409 kWh | 4487 kWh | 1923 kWh | £1,141 | £192 | £1,333 | £17,742 | 13.3 yrs | £8,923 |
| 8 kW | 7325 kWh | 5128 kWh | 2198 kWh | £1,304 | £220 | £1,524 | £19,776 | 13.0 yrs | £10,698 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £974, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1831 kWh | 1337 kWh | 494 kWh | £340 | £49 | £389 | £9,319 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,531 |
| 3 kW | 2747 kWh | 2005 kWh | 742 kWh | £510 | £74 | £584 | £11,354 | 19.4 yrs | £329 |
| 4 kW | 3663 kWh | 2674 kWh | 989 kWh | £680 | £99 | £779 | £13,388 | 17.2 yrs | £2,188 |
| 5 kW | 4578 kWh | 3342 kWh | 1236 kWh | £850 | £124 | £974 | £15,423 | 15.8 yrs | £4,048 |
| 6 kW | 5494 kWh | 4011 kWh | 1483 kWh | £1,020 | £148 | £1,168 | £17,457 | 14.9 yrs | £5,907 |
| 7 kW | 6409 kWh | 4679 kWh | 1731 kWh | £1,190 | £173 | £1,363 | £19,492 | 14.3 yrs | £7,767 |
| 8 kW | 7325 kWh | 5347 kWh | 1978 kWh | £1,360 | £198 | £1,558 | £21,526 | 13.8 yrs | £9,626 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £988, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1831 kWh | 1373 kWh | 458 kWh | £349 | £46 | £395 | £11,069 | 28.0 yrs | £-3,168 |
| 3 kW | 2747 kWh | 2060 kWh | 687 kWh | £524 | £69 | £593 | £13,104 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,252 |
| 4 kW | 3663 kWh | 2747 kWh | 916 kWh | £699 | £92 | £790 | £15,138 | 19.2 yrs | £664 |
| 5 kW | 4578 kWh | 3434 kWh | 1145 kWh | £873 | £114 | £988 | £17,173 | 17.4 yrs | £2,580 |
| 6 kW | 5494 kWh | 4120 kWh | 1373 kWh | £1,048 | £137 | £1,185 | £19,207 | 16.2 yrs | £4,496 |
| 7 kW | 6409 kWh | 4807 kWh | 1602 kWh | £1,222 | £160 | £1,383 | £21,242 | 15.4 yrs | £6,412 |
| 8 kW | 7325 kWh | 5494 kWh | 1831 kWh | £1,397 | £183 | £1,580 | £23,276 | 14.7 yrs | £8,328 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,002, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1831 kWh | 1410 kWh | 421 kWh | £359 | £42 | £401 | £13,519 | 33.7 yrs | £-5,505 |
| 3 kW | 2747 kWh | 2115 kWh | 632 kWh | £538 | £63 | £601 | £15,554 | 25.9 yrs | £-3,532 |
| 4 kW | 3663 kWh | 2820 kWh | 842 kWh | £717 | £84 | £801 | £17,588 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,560 |
| 5 kW | 4578 kWh | 3525 kWh | 1053 kWh | £896 | £105 | £1,002 | £19,623 | 19.6 yrs | £413 |
| 6 kW | 5494 kWh | 4230 kWh | 1264 kWh | £1,076 | £126 | £1,202 | £21,657 | 18.0 yrs | £2,385 |
| 7 kW | 6409 kWh | 4935 kWh | 1474 kWh | £1,255 | £147 | £1,402 | £23,692 | 16.9 yrs | £4,358 |
| 8 kW | 7325 kWh | 5640 kWh | 1685 kWh | £1,434 | £168 | £1,603 | £25,726 | 16.1 yrs | £6,330 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.