A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1035 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £858, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2069 kWh | 828 kWh | 1241 kWh | £219 | £124 | £343 | £4,069 | 11.9 yrs | £2,797 |
| 3 kW | 3104 kWh | 1241 kWh | 1862 kWh | £329 | £186 | £515 | £6,104 | 11.9 yrs | £4,196 |
| 4 kW | 4138 kWh | 1655 kWh | 2483 kWh | £438 | £248 | £687 | £8,138 | 11.9 yrs | £5,594 |
| 5 kW | 5173 kWh | 2069 kWh | 3104 kWh | £548 | £310 | £858 | £10,173 | 11.9 yrs | £6,993 |
| 6 kW | 6207 kWh | 2483 kWh | 3724 kWh | £657 | £372 | £1,030 | £12,207 | 11.9 yrs | £8,391 |
| 7 kW | 7242 kWh | 2897 kWh | 4345 kWh | £767 | £435 | £1,202 | £14,242 | 11.9 yrs | £9,790 |
| 8 kW | 8276 kWh | 3311 kWh | 4966 kWh | £877 | £497 | £1,373 | £16,276 | 11.9 yrs | £11,188 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,029, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2069 kWh | 1241 kWh | 828 kWh | £329 | £83 | £411 | £6,169 | 15.0 yrs | £2,061 |
| 3 kW | 3104 kWh | 1862 kWh | 1241 kWh | £493 | £124 | £617 | £8,204 | 13.3 yrs | £4,141 |
| 4 kW | 4138 kWh | 2483 kWh | 1655 kWh | £657 | £166 | £823 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,222 |
| 5 kW | 5173 kWh | 3104 kWh | 2069 kWh | £822 | £207 | £1,029 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,302 |
| 6 kW | 6207 kWh | 3724 kWh | 2483 kWh | £986 | £248 | £1,234 | £14,307 | 11.6 yrs | £10,383 |
| 7 kW | 7242 kWh | 4345 kWh | 2897 kWh | £1,151 | £290 | £1,440 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,463 |
| 8 kW | 8276 kWh | 4966 kWh | 3311 kWh | £1,315 | £331 | £1,646 | £18,376 | 11.2 yrs | £14,544 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,114, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2069 kWh | 1448 kWh | 621 kWh | £384 | £62 | £446 | £7,569 | 17.0 yrs | £1,343 |
| 3 kW | 3104 kWh | 2173 kWh | 931 kWh | £575 | £93 | £668 | £9,604 | 14.4 yrs | £3,764 |
| 4 kW | 4138 kWh | 2897 kWh | 1241 kWh | £767 | £124 | £891 | £11,638 | 13.1 yrs | £6,186 |
| 5 kW | 5173 kWh | 3621 kWh | 1552 kWh | £959 | £155 | £1,114 | £13,673 | 12.3 yrs | £8,607 |
| 6 kW | 6207 kWh | 4345 kWh | 1862 kWh | £1,151 | £186 | £1,337 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,029 |
| 7 kW | 7242 kWh | 5069 kWh | 2173 kWh | £1,342 | £217 | £1,560 | £17,742 | 11.4 yrs | £13,450 |
| 8 kW | 8276 kWh | 5793 kWh | 2483 kWh | £1,534 | £248 | £1,782 | £19,776 | 11.1 yrs | £15,872 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,140, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2069 kWh | 1510 kWh | 559 kWh | £400 | £56 | £456 | £9,319 | 20.4 yrs | £-202 |
| 3 kW | 3104 kWh | 2266 kWh | 838 kWh | £600 | £84 | £684 | £11,354 | 16.6 yrs | £2,321 |
| 4 kW | 4138 kWh | 3021 kWh | 1117 kWh | £800 | £112 | £912 | £13,388 | 14.7 yrs | £4,845 |
| 5 kW | 5173 kWh | 3776 kWh | 1397 kWh | £1,000 | £140 | £1,140 | £15,423 | 13.5 yrs | £7,369 |
| 6 kW | 6207 kWh | 4531 kWh | 1676 kWh | £1,200 | £168 | £1,367 | £17,457 | 12.8 yrs | £9,893 |
| 7 kW | 7242 kWh | 5286 kWh | 1955 kWh | £1,400 | £196 | £1,595 | £19,492 | 12.2 yrs | £12,416 |
| 8 kW | 8276 kWh | 6042 kWh | 2235 kWh | £1,600 | £223 | £1,823 | £21,526 | 11.8 yrs | £14,940 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,157, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2069 kWh | 1552 kWh | 517 kWh | £411 | £52 | £463 | £11,069 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,816 |
| 3 kW | 3104 kWh | 2328 kWh | 776 kWh | £616 | £78 | £694 | £13,104 | 18.9 yrs | £776 |
| 4 kW | 4138 kWh | 3104 kWh | 1035 kWh | £822 | £103 | £925 | £15,138 | 16.4 yrs | £3,368 |
| 5 kW | 5173 kWh | 3880 kWh | 1293 kWh | £1,027 | £129 | £1,157 | £17,173 | 14.8 yrs | £5,960 |
| 6 kW | 6207 kWh | 4655 kWh | 1552 kWh | £1,233 | £155 | £1,388 | £19,207 | 13.8 yrs | £8,552 |
| 7 kW | 7242 kWh | 5431 kWh | 1810 kWh | £1,438 | £181 | £1,619 | £21,242 | 13.1 yrs | £11,144 |
| 8 kW | 8276 kWh | 6207 kWh | 2069 kWh | £1,644 | £207 | £1,851 | £23,276 | 12.6 yrs | £13,736 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,174, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2069 kWh | 1593 kWh | 476 kWh | £422 | £48 | £469 | £13,519 | 28.8 yrs | £-4,130 |
| 3 kW | 3104 kWh | 2390 kWh | 714 kWh | £633 | £71 | £704 | £15,554 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,470 |
| 4 kW | 4138 kWh | 3186 kWh | 952 kWh | £844 | £95 | £939 | £17,588 | 18.7 yrs | £1,191 |
| 5 kW | 5173 kWh | 3983 kWh | 1190 kWh | £1,055 | £119 | £1,174 | £19,623 | 16.7 yrs | £3,851 |
| 6 kW | 6207 kWh | 4780 kWh | 1428 kWh | £1,266 | £143 | £1,408 | £21,657 | 15.4 yrs | £6,511 |
| 7 kW | 7242 kWh | 5576 kWh | 1666 kWh | £1,477 | £167 | £1,643 | £23,692 | 14.4 yrs | £9,171 |
| 8 kW | 8276 kWh | 6373 kWh | 1904 kWh | £1,688 | £190 | £1,878 | £25,726 | 13.7 yrs | £11,831 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.