A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1031 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £855, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2062 kWh | 825 kWh | 1237 kWh | £218 | £124 | £342 | £4,069 | 11.9 yrs | £2,773 |
| 3 kW | 3093 kWh | 1237 kWh | 1856 kWh | £328 | £186 | £513 | £6,104 | 11.9 yrs | £4,159 |
| 4 kW | 4124 kWh | 1649 kWh | 2474 kWh | £437 | £247 | £684 | £8,138 | 11.9 yrs | £5,546 |
| 5 kW | 5155 kWh | 2062 kWh | 3093 kWh | £546 | £309 | £855 | £10,173 | 11.9 yrs | £6,932 |
| 6 kW | 6185 kWh | 2474 kWh | 3711 kWh | £655 | £371 | £1,026 | £12,207 | 11.9 yrs | £8,319 |
| 7 kW | 7216 kWh | 2887 kWh | 4330 kWh | £764 | £433 | £1,197 | £14,242 | 11.9 yrs | £9,705 |
| 8 kW | 8247 kWh | 3299 kWh | 4948 kWh | £874 | £495 | £1,368 | £16,276 | 11.9 yrs | £11,092 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,025, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2062 kWh | 1237 kWh | 825 kWh | £328 | £82 | £410 | £6,169 | 15.0 yrs | £2,032 |
| 3 kW | 3093 kWh | 1856 kWh | 1237 kWh | £491 | £124 | £615 | £8,204 | 13.3 yrs | £4,098 |
| 4 kW | 4124 kWh | 2474 kWh | 1649 kWh | £655 | £165 | £820 | £10,238 | 12.5 yrs | £6,164 |
| 5 kW | 5155 kWh | 3093 kWh | 2062 kWh | £819 | £206 | £1,025 | £12,273 | 12.0 yrs | £8,230 |
| 6 kW | 6185 kWh | 3711 kWh | 2474 kWh | £983 | £247 | £1,230 | £14,307 | 11.6 yrs | £10,296 |
| 7 kW | 7216 kWh | 4330 kWh | 2887 kWh | £1,147 | £289 | £1,435 | £16,342 | 11.4 yrs | £12,362 |
| 8 kW | 8247 kWh | 4948 kWh | 3299 kWh | £1,310 | £330 | £1,640 | £18,376 | 11.2 yrs | £14,428 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,110, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2062 kWh | 1443 kWh | 619 kWh | £382 | £62 | £444 | £7,569 | 17.0 yrs | £1,312 |
| 3 kW | 3093 kWh | 2165 kWh | 928 kWh | £573 | £93 | £666 | £9,604 | 14.4 yrs | £3,717 |
| 4 kW | 4124 kWh | 2887 kWh | 1237 kWh | £764 | £124 | £888 | £11,638 | 13.1 yrs | £6,123 |
| 5 kW | 5155 kWh | 3608 kWh | 1546 kWh | £955 | £155 | £1,110 | £13,673 | 12.3 yrs | £8,529 |
| 6 kW | 6185 kWh | 4330 kWh | 1856 kWh | £1,147 | £186 | £1,332 | £15,707 | 11.8 yrs | £10,935 |
| 7 kW | 7216 kWh | 5051 kWh | 2165 kWh | £1,338 | £216 | £1,554 | £17,742 | 11.4 yrs | £13,341 |
| 8 kW | 8247 kWh | 5773 kWh | 2474 kWh | £1,529 | £247 | £1,776 | £19,776 | 11.1 yrs | £15,747 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,136, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2062 kWh | 1505 kWh | 557 kWh | £399 | £56 | £454 | £9,319 | 20.5 yrs | £-234 |
| 3 kW | 3093 kWh | 2258 kWh | 835 kWh | £598 | £84 | £681 | £11,354 | 16.7 yrs | £2,273 |
| 4 kW | 4124 kWh | 3010 kWh | 1113 kWh | £797 | £111 | £908 | £13,388 | 14.7 yrs | £4,781 |
| 5 kW | 5155 kWh | 3763 kWh | 1392 kWh | £996 | £139 | £1,136 | £15,423 | 13.6 yrs | £7,289 |
| 6 kW | 6185 kWh | 4515 kWh | 1670 kWh | £1,196 | £167 | £1,363 | £17,457 | 12.8 yrs | £9,797 |
| 7 kW | 7216 kWh | 5268 kWh | 1948 kWh | £1,395 | £195 | £1,590 | £19,492 | 12.3 yrs | £12,304 |
| 8 kW | 8247 kWh | 6021 kWh | 2227 kWh | £1,594 | £223 | £1,817 | £21,526 | 11.8 yrs | £14,812 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,153, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2062 kWh | 1546 kWh | 515 kWh | £409 | £52 | £461 | £11,069 | 24.0 yrs | £-1,849 |
| 3 kW | 3093 kWh | 2320 kWh | 773 kWh | £614 | £77 | £692 | £13,104 | 18.9 yrs | £727 |
| 4 kW | 4124 kWh | 3093 kWh | 1031 kWh | £819 | £103 | £922 | £15,138 | 16.4 yrs | £3,303 |
| 5 kW | 5155 kWh | 3866 kWh | 1289 kWh | £1,024 | £129 | £1,153 | £17,173 | 14.9 yrs | £5,879 |
| 6 kW | 6185 kWh | 4639 kWh | 1546 kWh | £1,228 | £155 | £1,383 | £19,207 | 13.9 yrs | £8,454 |
| 7 kW | 7216 kWh | 5412 kWh | 1804 kWh | £1,433 | £180 | £1,614 | £21,242 | 13.2 yrs | £11,030 |
| 8 kW | 8247 kWh | 6185 kWh | 2062 kWh | £1,638 | £206 | £1,844 | £23,276 | 12.6 yrs | £13,606 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,170, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2062 kWh | 1588 kWh | 474 kWh | £420 | £47 | £468 | £13,519 | 28.9 yrs | £-4,163 |
| 3 kW | 3093 kWh | 2381 kWh | 711 kWh | £631 | £71 | £702 | £15,554 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,519 |
| 4 kW | 4124 kWh | 3175 kWh | 948 kWh | £841 | £95 | £936 | £17,588 | 18.8 yrs | £1,125 |
| 5 kW | 5155 kWh | 3969 kWh | 1186 kWh | £1,051 | £119 | £1,170 | £19,623 | 16.8 yrs | £3,768 |
| 6 kW | 6185 kWh | 4763 kWh | 1423 kWh | £1,261 | £142 | £1,403 | £21,657 | 15.4 yrs | £6,412 |
| 7 kW | 7216 kWh | 5557 kWh | 1660 kWh | £1,471 | £166 | £1,637 | £23,692 | 14.5 yrs | £9,056 |
| 8 kW | 8247 kWh | 6350 kWh | 1897 kWh | £1,682 | £190 | £1,871 | £25,726 | 13.7 yrs | £11,699 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.