A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1007 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £835, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2014 kWh | 805 kWh | 1208 kWh | £213 | £121 | £334 | £4,069 | 12.2 yrs | £2,613 |
| 3 kW | 3020 kWh | 1208 kWh | 1812 kWh | £320 | £181 | £501 | £6,104 | 12.2 yrs | £3,920 |
| 4 kW | 4027 kWh | 1611 kWh | 2416 kWh | £427 | £242 | £668 | £8,138 | 12.2 yrs | £5,226 |
| 5 kW | 5034 kWh | 2014 kWh | 3020 kWh | £533 | £302 | £835 | £10,173 | 12.2 yrs | £6,533 |
| 6 kW | 6041 kWh | 2416 kWh | 3625 kWh | £640 | £362 | £1,002 | £12,207 | 12.2 yrs | £7,839 |
| 7 kW | 7048 kWh | 2819 kWh | 4229 kWh | £747 | £423 | £1,169 | £14,242 | 12.2 yrs | £9,146 |
| 8 kW | 8055 kWh | 3222 kWh | 4833 kWh | £853 | £483 | £1,336 | £16,276 | 12.2 yrs | £10,452 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,001, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2014 kWh | 1208 kWh | 805 kWh | £320 | £81 | £400 | £6,169 | 15.4 yrs | £1,841 |
| 3 kW | 3020 kWh | 1812 kWh | 1208 kWh | £480 | £121 | £601 | £8,204 | 13.7 yrs | £3,811 |
| 4 kW | 4027 kWh | 2416 kWh | 1611 kWh | £640 | £161 | £801 | £10,238 | 12.8 yrs | £5,781 |
| 5 kW | 5034 kWh | 3020 kWh | 2014 kWh | £800 | £201 | £1,001 | £12,273 | 12.3 yrs | £7,751 |
| 6 kW | 6041 kWh | 3625 kWh | 2416 kWh | £960 | £242 | £1,201 | £14,307 | 11.9 yrs | £9,722 |
| 7 kW | 7048 kWh | 4229 kWh | 2819 kWh | £1,120 | £282 | £1,402 | £16,342 | 11.7 yrs | £11,692 |
| 8 kW | 8055 kWh | 4833 kWh | 3222 kWh | £1,280 | £322 | £1,602 | £18,376 | 11.5 yrs | £13,662 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,084, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2014 kWh | 1410 kWh | 604 kWh | £373 | £60 | £434 | £7,569 | 17.5 yrs | £1,104 |
| 3 kW | 3020 kWh | 2114 kWh | 906 kWh | £560 | £91 | £650 | £9,604 | 14.8 yrs | £3,406 |
| 4 kW | 4027 kWh | 2819 kWh | 1208 kWh | £747 | £121 | £867 | £11,638 | 13.4 yrs | £5,708 |
| 5 kW | 5034 kWh | 3524 kWh | 1510 kWh | £933 | £151 | £1,084 | £13,673 | 12.6 yrs | £8,011 |
| 6 kW | 6041 kWh | 4229 kWh | 1812 kWh | £1,120 | £181 | £1,301 | £15,707 | 12.1 yrs | £10,313 |
| 7 kW | 7048 kWh | 4933 kWh | 2114 kWh | £1,306 | £211 | £1,518 | £17,742 | 11.7 yrs | £12,615 |
| 8 kW | 8055 kWh | 5638 kWh | 2416 kWh | £1,493 | £242 | £1,735 | £19,776 | 11.4 yrs | £14,917 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,109, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2014 kWh | 1470 kWh | 544 kWh | £389 | £54 | £444 | £9,319 | 21.0 yrs | £-447 |
| 3 kW | 3020 kWh | 2205 kWh | 816 kWh | £584 | £82 | £665 | £11,354 | 17.1 yrs | £1,955 |
| 4 kW | 4027 kWh | 2940 kWh | 1087 kWh | £778 | £109 | £887 | £13,388 | 15.1 yrs | £4,357 |
| 5 kW | 5034 kWh | 3675 kWh | 1359 kWh | £973 | £136 | £1,109 | £15,423 | 13.9 yrs | £6,758 |
| 6 kW | 6041 kWh | 4410 kWh | 1631 kWh | £1,168 | £163 | £1,331 | £17,457 | 13.1 yrs | £9,160 |
| 7 kW | 7048 kWh | 5145 kWh | 1903 kWh | £1,362 | £190 | £1,553 | £19,492 | 12.6 yrs | £11,562 |
| 8 kW | 8055 kWh | 5880 kWh | 2175 kWh | £1,557 | £217 | £1,774 | £21,526 | 12.1 yrs | £13,963 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,126, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2014 kWh | 1510 kWh | 503 kWh | £400 | £50 | £450 | £11,069 | 24.6 yrs | £-2,064 |
| 3 kW | 3020 kWh | 2265 kWh | 755 kWh | £600 | £76 | £675 | £13,104 | 19.4 yrs | £404 |
| 4 kW | 4027 kWh | 3020 kWh | 1007 kWh | £800 | £101 | £901 | £15,138 | 16.8 yrs | £2,872 |
| 5 kW | 5034 kWh | 3776 kWh | 1259 kWh | £1,000 | £126 | £1,126 | £17,173 | 15.3 yrs | £5,340 |
| 6 kW | 6041 kWh | 4531 kWh | 1510 kWh | £1,200 | £151 | £1,351 | £19,207 | 14.2 yrs | £7,808 |
| 7 kW | 7048 kWh | 5286 kWh | 1762 kWh | £1,400 | £176 | £1,576 | £21,242 | 13.5 yrs | £10,276 |
| 8 kW | 8055 kWh | 6041 kWh | 2014 kWh | £1,600 | £201 | £1,801 | £23,276 | 12.9 yrs | £12,744 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,142, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2014 kWh | 1551 kWh | 463 kWh | £411 | £46 | £457 | £13,519 | 29.6 yrs | £-4,381 |
| 3 kW | 3020 kWh | 2326 kWh | 695 kWh | £616 | £69 | £685 | £15,554 | 22.7 yrs | £-1,847 |
| 4 kW | 4027 kWh | 3101 kWh | 926 kWh | £821 | £93 | £914 | £17,588 | 19.2 yrs | £688 |
| 5 kW | 5034 kWh | 3876 kWh | 1158 kWh | £1,026 | £116 | £1,142 | £19,623 | 17.2 yrs | £3,222 |
| 6 kW | 6041 kWh | 4652 kWh | 1389 kWh | £1,232 | £139 | £1,371 | £21,657 | 15.8 yrs | £5,756 |
| 7 kW | 7048 kWh | 5427 kWh | 1621 kWh | £1,437 | £162 | £1,599 | £23,692 | 14.8 yrs | £8,291 |
| 8 kW | 8055 kWh | 6202 kWh | 1853 kWh | £1,642 | £185 | £1,828 | £25,726 | 14.1 yrs | £10,825 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.