A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 875 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £737, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1751 kWh | 700 kWh | 1050 kWh | £190 | £105 | £295 | £4,069 | 13.8 yrs | £1,829 |
| 3 kW | 2626 kWh | 1050 kWh | 1576 kWh | £285 | £158 | £442 | £6,104 | 13.8 yrs | £2,743 |
| 4 kW | 3501 kWh | 1401 kWh | 2101 kWh | £380 | £210 | £590 | £8,138 | 13.8 yrs | £3,657 |
| 5 kW | 4377 kWh | 1751 kWh | 2626 kWh | £475 | £263 | £737 | £10,173 | 13.8 yrs | £4,572 |
| 6 kW | 5252 kWh | 2101 kWh | 3151 kWh | £570 | £315 | £885 | £12,207 | 13.8 yrs | £5,486 |
| 7 kW | 6127 kWh | 2451 kWh | 3676 kWh | £664 | £368 | £1,032 | £14,242 | 13.8 yrs | £6,400 |
| 8 kW | 7003 kWh | 2801 kWh | 4202 kWh | £759 | £420 | £1,180 | £16,276 | 13.8 yrs | £7,314 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £887, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1751 kWh | 1050 kWh | 700 kWh | £285 | £70 | £355 | £6,169 | 17.4 yrs | £927 |
| 3 kW | 2626 kWh | 1576 kWh | 1050 kWh | £427 | £105 | £532 | £8,204 | 15.4 yrs | £2,440 |
| 4 kW | 3501 kWh | 2101 kWh | 1401 kWh | £570 | £140 | £710 | £10,238 | 14.4 yrs | £3,954 |
| 5 kW | 4377 kWh | 2626 kWh | 1751 kWh | £712 | £175 | £887 | £12,273 | 13.8 yrs | £5,467 |
| 6 kW | 5252 kWh | 3151 kWh | 2101 kWh | £854 | £210 | £1,064 | £14,307 | 13.4 yrs | £6,980 |
| 7 kW | 6127 kWh | 3676 kWh | 2451 kWh | £997 | £245 | £1,242 | £16,342 | 13.2 yrs | £8,494 |
| 8 kW | 7003 kWh | 4202 kWh | 2801 kWh | £1,139 | £280 | £1,419 | £18,376 | 12.9 yrs | £10,007 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £962, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1751 kWh | 1225 kWh | 525 kWh | £332 | £53 | £385 | £7,569 | 19.7 yrs | £126 |
| 3 kW | 2626 kWh | 1838 kWh | 788 kWh | £498 | £79 | £577 | £9,604 | 16.6 yrs | £1,939 |
| 4 kW | 3501 kWh | 2451 kWh | 1050 kWh | £664 | £105 | £769 | £11,638 | 15.1 yrs | £3,752 |
| 5 kW | 4377 kWh | 3064 kWh | 1313 kWh | £831 | £131 | £962 | £13,673 | 14.2 yrs | £5,565 |
| 6 kW | 5252 kWh | 3676 kWh | 1576 kWh | £997 | £158 | £1,154 | £15,707 | 13.6 yrs | £7,377 |
| 7 kW | 6127 kWh | 4289 kWh | 1838 kWh | £1,163 | £184 | £1,347 | £17,742 | 13.2 yrs | £9,190 |
| 8 kW | 7003 kWh | 4902 kWh | 2101 kWh | £1,329 | £210 | £1,539 | £19,776 | 12.9 yrs | £11,003 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £984, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1751 kWh | 1278 kWh | 473 kWh | £346 | £47 | £394 | £9,319 | 23.7 yrs | £-1,444 |
| 3 kW | 2626 kWh | 1917 kWh | 709 kWh | £520 | £71 | £591 | £11,354 | 19.2 yrs | £458 |
| 4 kW | 3501 kWh | 2556 kWh | 945 kWh | £693 | £95 | £787 | £13,388 | 17.0 yrs | £2,361 |
| 5 kW | 4377 kWh | 3195 kWh | 1182 kWh | £866 | £118 | £984 | £15,423 | 15.7 yrs | £4,264 |
| 6 kW | 5252 kWh | 3834 kWh | 1418 kWh | £1,039 | £142 | £1,181 | £17,457 | 14.8 yrs | £6,167 |
| 7 kW | 6127 kWh | 4473 kWh | 1654 kWh | £1,213 | £165 | £1,378 | £19,492 | 14.1 yrs | £8,069 |
| 8 kW | 7003 kWh | 5112 kWh | 1891 kWh | £1,386 | £189 | £1,575 | £21,526 | 13.7 yrs | £9,972 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £999, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1751 kWh | 1313 kWh | 438 kWh | £356 | £44 | £400 | £11,069 | 27.7 yrs | £-3,075 |
| 3 kW | 2626 kWh | 1969 kWh | 656 kWh | £534 | £66 | £600 | £13,104 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,112 |
| 4 kW | 3501 kWh | 2626 kWh | 875 kWh | £712 | £88 | £799 | £15,138 | 18.9 yrs | £851 |
| 5 kW | 4377 kWh | 3282 kWh | 1094 kWh | £890 | £109 | £999 | £17,173 | 17.2 yrs | £2,813 |
| 6 kW | 5252 kWh | 3939 kWh | 1313 kWh | £1,068 | £131 | £1,199 | £19,207 | 16.0 yrs | £4,776 |
| 7 kW | 6127 kWh | 4595 kWh | 1532 kWh | £1,246 | £153 | £1,399 | £21,242 | 15.2 yrs | £6,739 |
| 8 kW | 7003 kWh | 5252 kWh | 1751 kWh | £1,424 | £175 | £1,599 | £23,276 | 14.6 yrs | £8,701 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,014, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1751 kWh | 1348 kWh | 403 kWh | £365 | £40 | £406 | £13,519 | 33.3 yrs | £-5,405 |
| 3 kW | 2626 kWh | 2022 kWh | 604 kWh | £548 | £60 | £609 | £15,554 | 25.6 yrs | £-3,382 |
| 4 kW | 3501 kWh | 2696 kWh | 805 kWh | £731 | £81 | £811 | £17,588 | 21.7 yrs | £-1,360 |
| 5 kW | 4377 kWh | 3370 kWh | 1007 kWh | £914 | £101 | £1,014 | £19,623 | 19.3 yrs | £663 |
| 6 kW | 5252 kWh | 4044 kWh | 1208 kWh | £1,096 | £121 | £1,217 | £21,657 | 17.8 yrs | £2,686 |
| 7 kW | 6127 kWh | 4718 kWh | 1409 kWh | £1,279 | £141 | £1,420 | £23,692 | 16.7 yrs | £4,708 |
| 8 kW | 7003 kWh | 5392 kWh | 1611 kWh | £1,462 | £161 | £1,623 | £25,726 | 15.9 yrs | £6,731 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.