A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 851 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £717, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1702 kWh | 681 kWh | 1021 kWh | £185 | £102 | £287 | £4,069 | 14.2 yrs | £1,665 |
| 3 kW | 2553 kWh | 1021 kWh | 1532 kWh | £277 | £153 | £430 | £6,104 | 14.2 yrs | £2,497 |
| 4 kW | 3404 kWh | 1362 kWh | 2042 kWh | £369 | £204 | £573 | £8,138 | 14.2 yrs | £3,329 |
| 5 kW | 4255 kWh | 1702 kWh | 2553 kWh | £461 | £255 | £717 | £10,173 | 14.2 yrs | £4,162 |
| 6 kW | 5106 kWh | 2042 kWh | 3064 kWh | £554 | £306 | £860 | £12,207 | 14.2 yrs | £4,994 |
| 7 kW | 5957 kWh | 2383 kWh | 3574 kWh | £646 | £357 | £1,003 | £14,242 | 14.2 yrs | £5,827 |
| 8 kW | 6808 kWh | 2723 kWh | 4085 kWh | £738 | £408 | £1,147 | £16,276 | 14.2 yrs | £6,659 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £862, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1702 kWh | 1021 kWh | 681 kWh | £277 | £68 | £345 | £6,169 | 17.9 yrs | £730 |
| 3 kW | 2553 kWh | 1532 kWh | 1021 kWh | £415 | £102 | £517 | £8,204 | 15.9 yrs | £2,144 |
| 4 kW | 3404 kWh | 2042 kWh | 1362 kWh | £554 | £136 | £690 | £10,238 | 14.8 yrs | £3,559 |
| 5 kW | 4255 kWh | 2553 kWh | 1702 kWh | £692 | £170 | £862 | £12,273 | 14.2 yrs | £4,974 |
| 6 kW | 5106 kWh | 3064 kWh | 2042 kWh | £831 | £204 | £1,035 | £14,307 | 13.8 yrs | £6,389 |
| 7 kW | 5957 kWh | 3574 kWh | 2383 kWh | £969 | £238 | £1,207 | £16,342 | 13.5 yrs | £7,804 |
| 8 kW | 6808 kWh | 4085 kWh | 2723 kWh | £1,107 | £272 | £1,380 | £18,376 | 13.3 yrs | £9,218 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £935, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1702 kWh | 1191 kWh | 511 kWh | £323 | £51 | £374 | £7,569 | 20.2 yrs | £-88 |
| 3 kW | 2553 kWh | 1787 kWh | 766 kWh | £484 | £77 | £561 | £9,604 | 17.1 yrs | £1,618 |
| 4 kW | 3404 kWh | 2383 kWh | 1021 kWh | £646 | £102 | £748 | £11,638 | 15.6 yrs | £3,324 |
| 5 kW | 4255 kWh | 2979 kWh | 1277 kWh | £807 | £128 | £935 | £13,673 | 14.6 yrs | £5,030 |
| 6 kW | 5106 kWh | 3574 kWh | 1532 kWh | £969 | £153 | £1,122 | £15,707 | 14.0 yrs | £6,736 |
| 7 kW | 5957 kWh | 4170 kWh | 1787 kWh | £1,130 | £179 | £1,309 | £17,742 | 13.6 yrs | £8,442 |
| 8 kW | 6808 kWh | 4766 kWh | 2042 kWh | £1,292 | £204 | £1,496 | £19,776 | 13.2 yrs | £10,148 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £957, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1702 kWh | 1242 kWh | 460 kWh | £337 | £46 | £383 | £9,319 | 24.3 yrs | £-1,663 |
| 3 kW | 2553 kWh | 1864 kWh | 689 kWh | £505 | £69 | £574 | £11,354 | 19.8 yrs | £130 |
| 4 kW | 3404 kWh | 2485 kWh | 919 kWh | £674 | £92 | £766 | £13,388 | 17.5 yrs | £1,924 |
| 5 kW | 4255 kWh | 3106 kWh | 1149 kWh | £842 | £115 | £957 | £15,423 | 16.1 yrs | £3,717 |
| 6 kW | 5106 kWh | 3727 kWh | 1379 kWh | £1,011 | £138 | £1,148 | £17,457 | 15.2 yrs | £5,510 |
| 7 kW | 5957 kWh | 4349 kWh | 1608 kWh | £1,179 | £161 | £1,340 | £19,492 | 14.5 yrs | £7,304 |
| 8 kW | 6808 kWh | 4970 kWh | 1838 kWh | £1,347 | £184 | £1,531 | £21,526 | 14.1 yrs | £9,097 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £972, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1702 kWh | 1277 kWh | 426 kWh | £346 | £43 | £389 | £11,069 | 28.5 yrs | £-3,297 |
| 3 kW | 2553 kWh | 1915 kWh | 638 kWh | £519 | £64 | £583 | £13,104 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,445 |
| 4 kW | 3404 kWh | 2553 kWh | 851 kWh | £692 | £85 | £777 | £15,138 | 19.5 yrs | £407 |
| 5 kW | 4255 kWh | 3191 kWh | 1064 kWh | £865 | £106 | £972 | £17,173 | 17.7 yrs | £2,258 |
| 6 kW | 5106 kWh | 3830 kWh | 1277 kWh | £1,038 | £128 | £1,166 | £19,207 | 16.5 yrs | £4,110 |
| 7 kW | 5957 kWh | 4468 kWh | 1489 kWh | £1,211 | £149 | £1,360 | £21,242 | 15.6 yrs | £5,961 |
| 8 kW | 6808 kWh | 5106 kWh | 1702 kWh | £1,384 | £170 | £1,554 | £23,276 | 15.0 yrs | £7,813 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £986, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1702 kWh | 1311 kWh | 391 kWh | £355 | £39 | £394 | £13,519 | 34.3 yrs | £-5,630 |
| 3 kW | 2553 kWh | 1966 kWh | 587 kWh | £533 | £59 | £592 | £15,554 | 26.3 yrs | £-3,720 |
| 4 kW | 3404 kWh | 2621 kWh | 783 kWh | £711 | £78 | £789 | £17,588 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,811 |
| 5 kW | 4255 kWh | 3276 kWh | 979 kWh | £888 | £98 | £986 | £19,623 | 19.9 yrs | £99 |
| 6 kW | 5106 kWh | 3932 kWh | 1174 kWh | £1,066 | £117 | £1,183 | £21,657 | 18.3 yrs | £2,009 |
| 7 kW | 5957 kWh | 4587 kWh | 1370 kWh | £1,244 | £137 | £1,381 | £23,692 | 17.2 yrs | £3,919 |
| 8 kW | 6808 kWh | 5242 kWh | 1566 kWh | £1,421 | £157 | £1,578 | £25,726 | 16.3 yrs | £5,829 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.