A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 898 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £757, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1797 kWh | 719 kWh | 1078 kWh | £195 | £108 | £303 | £4,069 | 13.4 yrs | £1,984 |
| 3 kW | 2695 kWh | 1078 kWh | 1617 kWh | £292 | £162 | £454 | £6,104 | 13.4 yrs | £2,976 |
| 4 kW | 3594 kWh | 1438 kWh | 2156 kWh | £390 | £216 | £605 | £8,138 | 13.4 yrs | £3,969 |
| 5 kW | 4492 kWh | 1797 kWh | 2695 kWh | £487 | £270 | £757 | £10,173 | 13.4 yrs | £4,961 |
| 6 kW | 5391 kWh | 2156 kWh | 3234 kWh | £585 | £323 | £908 | £12,207 | 13.4 yrs | £5,953 |
| 7 kW | 6289 kWh | 2516 kWh | 3773 kWh | £682 | £377 | £1,059 | £14,242 | 13.4 yrs | £6,945 |
| 8 kW | 7188 kWh | 2875 kWh | 4313 kWh | £779 | £431 | £1,211 | £16,276 | 13.4 yrs | £7,937 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £910, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1797 kWh | 1078 kWh | 719 kWh | £292 | £72 | £364 | £6,169 | 16.9 yrs | £1,114 |
| 3 kW | 2695 kWh | 1617 kWh | 1078 kWh | £438 | £108 | £546 | £8,204 | 15.0 yrs | £2,721 |
| 4 kW | 3594 kWh | 2156 kWh | 1438 kWh | £585 | £144 | £728 | £10,238 | 14.1 yrs | £4,328 |
| 5 kW | 4492 kWh | 2695 kWh | 1797 kWh | £731 | £180 | £910 | £12,273 | 13.5 yrs | £5,935 |
| 6 kW | 5391 kWh | 3234 kWh | 2156 kWh | £877 | £216 | £1,092 | £14,307 | 13.1 yrs | £7,542 |
| 7 kW | 6289 kWh | 3773 kWh | 2516 kWh | £1,023 | £252 | £1,275 | £16,342 | 12.8 yrs | £9,149 |
| 8 kW | 7188 kWh | 4313 kWh | 2875 kWh | £1,169 | £288 | £1,457 | £18,376 | 12.6 yrs | £10,756 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £987, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1797 kWh | 1258 kWh | 539 kWh | £341 | £54 | £395 | £7,569 | 19.2 yrs | £329 |
| 3 kW | 2695 kWh | 1887 kWh | 809 kWh | £511 | £81 | £592 | £9,604 | 16.2 yrs | £2,243 |
| 4 kW | 3594 kWh | 2516 kWh | 1078 kWh | £682 | £108 | £790 | £11,638 | 14.7 yrs | £4,158 |
| 5 kW | 4492 kWh | 3145 kWh | 1348 kWh | £852 | £135 | £987 | £13,673 | 13.8 yrs | £6,072 |
| 6 kW | 5391 kWh | 3773 kWh | 1617 kWh | £1,023 | £162 | £1,185 | £15,707 | 13.3 yrs | £7,987 |
| 7 kW | 6289 kWh | 4402 kWh | 1887 kWh | £1,193 | £189 | £1,382 | £17,742 | 12.8 yrs | £9,901 |
| 8 kW | 7188 kWh | 5031 kWh | 2156 kWh | £1,364 | £216 | £1,580 | £19,776 | 12.5 yrs | £11,816 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,010, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1797 kWh | 1312 kWh | 485 kWh | £356 | £49 | £404 | £9,319 | 23.1 yrs | £-1,237 |
| 3 kW | 2695 kWh | 1968 kWh | 728 kWh | £533 | £73 | £606 | £11,354 | 18.7 yrs | £770 |
| 4 kW | 3594 kWh | 2623 kWh | 970 kWh | £711 | £97 | £808 | £13,388 | 16.6 yrs | £2,777 |
| 5 kW | 4492 kWh | 3279 kWh | 1213 kWh | £889 | £121 | £1,010 | £15,423 | 15.3 yrs | £4,784 |
| 6 kW | 5391 kWh | 3935 kWh | 1455 kWh | £1,067 | £146 | £1,212 | £17,457 | 14.4 yrs | £6,790 |
| 7 kW | 6289 kWh | 4591 kWh | 1698 kWh | £1,245 | £170 | £1,414 | £19,492 | 13.8 yrs | £8,797 |
| 8 kW | 7188 kWh | 5247 kWh | 1941 kWh | £1,422 | £194 | £1,616 | £21,526 | 13.3 yrs | £10,804 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,026, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1797 kWh | 1348 kWh | 449 kWh | £365 | £45 | £410 | £11,069 | 27.0 yrs | £-2,864 |
| 3 kW | 2695 kWh | 2021 kWh | 674 kWh | £548 | £67 | £615 | £13,104 | 21.3 yrs | £-795 |
| 4 kW | 3594 kWh | 2695 kWh | 898 kWh | £731 | £90 | £821 | £15,138 | 18.4 yrs | £1,273 |
| 5 kW | 4492 kWh | 3369 kWh | 1123 kWh | £913 | £112 | £1,026 | £17,173 | 16.7 yrs | £3,341 |
| 6 kW | 5391 kWh | 4043 kWh | 1348 kWh | £1,096 | £135 | £1,231 | £19,207 | 15.6 yrs | £5,409 |
| 7 kW | 6289 kWh | 4717 kWh | 1572 kWh | £1,279 | £157 | £1,436 | £21,242 | 14.8 yrs | £7,478 |
| 8 kW | 7188 kWh | 5391 kWh | 1797 kWh | £1,461 | £180 | £1,641 | £23,276 | 14.2 yrs | £9,546 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,041, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1797 kWh | 1384 kWh | 413 kWh | £375 | £41 | £416 | £13,519 | 32.5 yrs | £-5,191 |
| 3 kW | 2695 kWh | 2075 kWh | 620 kWh | £563 | £62 | £625 | £15,554 | 24.9 yrs | £-3,061 |
| 4 kW | 3594 kWh | 2767 kWh | 827 kWh | £750 | £83 | £833 | £17,588 | 21.1 yrs | £-931 |
| 5 kW | 4492 kWh | 3459 kWh | 1033 kWh | £938 | £103 | £1,041 | £19,623 | 18.8 yrs | £1,199 |
| 6 kW | 5391 kWh | 4151 kWh | 1240 kWh | £1,125 | £124 | £1,249 | £21,657 | 17.3 yrs | £3,328 |
| 7 kW | 6289 kWh | 4843 kWh | 1446 kWh | £1,313 | £145 | £1,457 | £23,692 | 16.3 yrs | £5,458 |
| 8 kW | 7188 kWh | 5534 kWh | 1653 kWh | £1,500 | £165 | £1,666 | £25,726 | 15.4 yrs | £7,588 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.