A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 939 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.3p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £757, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1877 kWh | 751 kWh | 1126 kWh | £190 | £113 | £303 | £4,069 | 13.4 yrs | £1,988 |
| 3 kW | 2816 kWh | 1126 kWh | 1690 kWh | £285 | £169 | £454 | £6,104 | 13.4 yrs | £2,982 |
| 4 kW | 3755 kWh | 1502 kWh | 2253 kWh | £380 | £225 | £606 | £8,138 | 13.4 yrs | £3,977 |
| 5 kW | 4694 kWh | 1877 kWh | 2816 kWh | £476 | £282 | £757 | £10,173 | 13.4 yrs | £4,971 |
| 6 kW | 5632 kWh | 2253 kWh | 3379 kWh | £571 | £338 | £909 | £12,207 | 13.4 yrs | £5,965 |
| 7 kW | 6571 kWh | 2628 kWh | 3943 kWh | £666 | £394 | £1,060 | £14,242 | 13.4 yrs | £6,959 |
| 8 kW | 7510 kWh | 3004 kWh | 4506 kWh | £761 | £451 | £1,211 | £16,276 | 13.4 yrs | £7,953 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £901, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1877 kWh | 1126 kWh | 751 kWh | £285 | £75 | £360 | £6,169 | 17.1 yrs | £1,040 |
| 3 kW | 2816 kWh | 1690 kWh | 1126 kWh | £428 | £113 | £541 | £8,204 | 15.2 yrs | £2,609 |
| 4 kW | 3755 kWh | 2253 kWh | 1502 kWh | £571 | £150 | £721 | £10,238 | 14.2 yrs | £4,179 |
| 5 kW | 4694 kWh | 2816 kWh | 1877 kWh | £713 | £188 | £901 | £12,273 | 13.6 yrs | £5,749 |
| 6 kW | 5632 kWh | 3379 kWh | 2253 kWh | £856 | £225 | £1,081 | £14,307 | 13.2 yrs | £7,319 |
| 7 kW | 6571 kWh | 3943 kWh | 2628 kWh | £999 | £263 | £1,261 | £16,342 | 13.0 yrs | £8,888 |
| 8 kW | 7510 kWh | 4506 kWh | 3004 kWh | £1,141 | £300 | £1,442 | £18,376 | 12.7 yrs | £10,458 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £973, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1877 kWh | 1314 kWh | 563 kWh | £333 | £56 | £389 | £7,569 | 19.4 yrs | £215 |
| 3 kW | 2816 kWh | 1971 kWh | 845 kWh | £499 | £84 | £584 | £9,604 | 16.4 yrs | £2,073 |
| 4 kW | 3755 kWh | 2628 kWh | 1126 kWh | £666 | £113 | £778 | £11,638 | 15.0 yrs | £3,930 |
| 5 kW | 4694 kWh | 3285 kWh | 1408 kWh | £832 | £141 | £973 | £13,673 | 14.1 yrs | £5,788 |
| 6 kW | 5632 kWh | 3943 kWh | 1690 kWh | £999 | £169 | £1,168 | £15,707 | 13.5 yrs | £7,645 |
| 7 kW | 6571 kWh | 4600 kWh | 1971 kWh | £1,165 | £197 | £1,362 | £17,742 | 13.0 yrs | £9,503 |
| 8 kW | 7510 kWh | 5257 kWh | 2253 kWh | £1,332 | £225 | £1,557 | £19,776 | 12.7 yrs | £11,361 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £995, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1877 kWh | 1371 kWh | 507 kWh | £347 | £51 | £398 | £9,319 | 23.4 yrs | £-1,362 |
| 3 kW | 2816 kWh | 2056 kWh | 760 kWh | £521 | £76 | £597 | £11,354 | 19.0 yrs | £582 |
| 4 kW | 3755 kWh | 2741 kWh | 1014 kWh | £694 | £101 | £796 | £13,388 | 16.8 yrs | £2,526 |
| 5 kW | 4694 kWh | 3426 kWh | 1267 kWh | £868 | £127 | £995 | £15,423 | 15.5 yrs | £4,470 |
| 6 kW | 5632 kWh | 4112 kWh | 1521 kWh | £1,041 | £152 | £1,194 | £17,457 | 14.6 yrs | £6,413 |
| 7 kW | 6571 kWh | 4797 kWh | 1774 kWh | £1,215 | £177 | £1,392 | £19,492 | 14.0 yrs | £8,357 |
| 8 kW | 7510 kWh | 5482 kWh | 2028 kWh | £1,389 | £203 | £1,591 | £21,526 | 13.5 yrs | £10,301 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,009, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1877 kWh | 1408 kWh | 469 kWh | £357 | £47 | £404 | £11,069 | 27.4 yrs | £-2,997 |
| 3 kW | 2816 kWh | 2112 kWh | 704 kWh | £535 | £70 | £605 | £13,104 | 21.6 yrs | £-996 |
| 4 kW | 3755 kWh | 2816 kWh | 939 kWh | £713 | £94 | £807 | £15,138 | 18.8 yrs | £1,006 |
| 5 kW | 4694 kWh | 3520 kWh | 1173 kWh | £892 | £117 | £1,009 | £17,173 | 17.0 yrs | £3,007 |
| 6 kW | 5632 kWh | 4224 kWh | 1408 kWh | £1,070 | £141 | £1,211 | £19,207 | 15.9 yrs | £5,009 |
| 7 kW | 6571 kWh | 4928 kWh | 1643 kWh | £1,248 | £164 | £1,413 | £21,242 | 15.0 yrs | £7,010 |
| 8 kW | 7510 kWh | 5632 kWh | 1877 kWh | £1,427 | £188 | £1,614 | £23,276 | 14.4 yrs | £9,012 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,023, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1877 kWh | 1446 kWh | 432 kWh | £366 | £43 | £409 | £13,519 | 33.0 yrs | £-5,332 |
| 3 kW | 2816 kWh | 2168 kWh | 648 kWh | £549 | £65 | £614 | £15,554 | 25.3 yrs | £-3,273 |
| 4 kW | 3755 kWh | 2891 kWh | 864 kWh | £732 | £86 | £819 | £17,588 | 21.5 yrs | £-1,214 |
| 5 kW | 4694 kWh | 3614 kWh | 1080 kWh | £915 | £108 | £1,023 | £19,623 | 19.2 yrs | £845 |
| 6 kW | 5632 kWh | 4337 kWh | 1295 kWh | £1,099 | £130 | £1,228 | £21,657 | 17.6 yrs | £2,904 |
| 7 kW | 6571 kWh | 5060 kWh | 1511 kWh | £1,282 | £151 | £1,433 | £23,692 | 16.5 yrs | £4,963 |
| 8 kW | 7510 kWh | 5782 kWh | 1727 kWh | £1,465 | £173 | £1,637 | £25,726 | 15.7 yrs | £7,022 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.