A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1084 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £899, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2168 kWh | 867 kWh | 1301 kWh | £230 | £130 | £360 | £4,069 | 11.3 yrs | £3,125 |
| 3 kW | 3252 kWh | 1301 kWh | 1951 kWh | £344 | £195 | £540 | £6,104 | 11.3 yrs | £4,688 |
| 4 kW | 4336 kWh | 1734 kWh | 2602 kWh | £459 | £260 | £719 | £8,138 | 11.3 yrs | £6,251 |
| 5 kW | 5420 kWh | 2168 kWh | 3252 kWh | £574 | £325 | £899 | £10,173 | 11.3 yrs | £7,814 |
| 6 kW | 6504 kWh | 2602 kWh | 3903 kWh | £689 | £390 | £1,079 | £12,207 | 11.3 yrs | £9,376 |
| 7 kW | 7588 kWh | 3035 kWh | 4553 kWh | £804 | £455 | £1,259 | £14,242 | 11.3 yrs | £10,939 |
| 8 kW | 8672 kWh | 3469 kWh | 5203 kWh | £919 | £520 | £1,439 | £16,276 | 11.3 yrs | £12,502 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,078, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2168 kWh | 1301 kWh | 867 kWh | £344 | £87 | £431 | £6,169 | 14.3 yrs | £2,455 |
| 3 kW | 3252 kWh | 1951 kWh | 1301 kWh | £517 | £130 | £647 | £8,204 | 12.7 yrs | £4,732 |
| 4 kW | 4336 kWh | 2602 kWh | 1734 kWh | £689 | £173 | £862 | £10,238 | 11.9 yrs | £7,009 |
| 5 kW | 5420 kWh | 3252 kWh | 2168 kWh | £861 | £217 | £1,078 | £12,273 | 11.4 yrs | £9,287 |
| 6 kW | 6504 kWh | 3903 kWh | 2602 kWh | £1,033 | £260 | £1,294 | £14,307 | 11.1 yrs | £11,564 |
| 7 kW | 7588 kWh | 4553 kWh | 3035 kWh | £1,206 | £304 | £1,509 | £16,342 | 10.8 yrs | £13,841 |
| 8 kW | 8672 kWh | 5203 kWh | 3469 kWh | £1,378 | £347 | £1,725 | £18,376 | 10.7 yrs | £16,119 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,167, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2168 kWh | 1518 kWh | 650 kWh | £402 | £65 | £467 | £7,569 | 16.2 yrs | £1,769 |
| 3 kW | 3252 kWh | 2276 kWh | 976 kWh | £603 | £98 | £700 | £9,604 | 13.7 yrs | £4,404 |
| 4 kW | 4336 kWh | 3035 kWh | 1301 kWh | £804 | £130 | £934 | £11,638 | 12.5 yrs | £7,038 |
| 5 kW | 5420 kWh | 3794 kWh | 1626 kWh | £1,005 | £163 | £1,167 | £13,673 | 11.7 yrs | £9,673 |
| 6 kW | 6504 kWh | 4553 kWh | 1951 kWh | £1,206 | £195 | £1,401 | £15,707 | 11.2 yrs | £12,308 |
| 7 kW | 7588 kWh | 5312 kWh | 2276 kWh | £1,407 | £228 | £1,634 | £17,742 | 10.9 yrs | £14,942 |
| 8 kW | 8672 kWh | 6071 kWh | 2602 kWh | £1,607 | £260 | £1,868 | £19,776 | 10.6 yrs | £17,577 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,194, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2168 kWh | 1583 kWh | 585 kWh | £419 | £59 | £478 | £9,319 | 19.5 yrs | £234 |
| 3 kW | 3252 kWh | 2374 kWh | 878 kWh | £629 | £88 | £716 | £11,354 | 15.8 yrs | £2,975 |
| 4 kW | 4336 kWh | 3165 kWh | 1171 kWh | £838 | £117 | £955 | £13,388 | 14.0 yrs | £5,717 |
| 5 kW | 5420 kWh | 3957 kWh | 1463 kWh | £1,048 | £146 | £1,194 | £15,423 | 12.9 yrs | £8,459 |
| 6 kW | 6504 kWh | 4748 kWh | 1756 kWh | £1,257 | £176 | £1,433 | £17,457 | 12.2 yrs | £11,201 |
| 7 kW | 7588 kWh | 5539 kWh | 2049 kWh | £1,467 | £205 | £1,672 | £19,492 | 11.7 yrs | £13,943 |
| 8 kW | 8672 kWh | 6331 kWh | 2342 kWh | £1,676 | £234 | £1,911 | £21,526 | 11.3 yrs | £16,685 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,212, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2168 kWh | 1626 kWh | 542 kWh | £431 | £54 | £485 | £11,069 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,373 |
| 3 kW | 3252 kWh | 2439 kWh | 813 kWh | £646 | £81 | £727 | £13,104 | 18.0 yrs | £1,440 |
| 4 kW | 4336 kWh | 3252 kWh | 1084 kWh | £861 | £108 | £970 | £15,138 | 15.6 yrs | £4,253 |
| 5 kW | 5420 kWh | 4065 kWh | 1355 kWh | £1,076 | £136 | £1,212 | £17,173 | 14.2 yrs | £7,066 |
| 6 kW | 6504 kWh | 4878 kWh | 1626 kWh | £1,292 | £163 | £1,454 | £19,207 | 13.2 yrs | £9,880 |
| 7 kW | 7588 kWh | 5691 kWh | 1897 kWh | £1,507 | £190 | £1,697 | £21,242 | 12.5 yrs | £12,693 |
| 8 kW | 8672 kWh | 6504 kWh | 2168 kWh | £1,722 | £217 | £1,939 | £23,276 | 12.0 yrs | £15,506 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,230, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2168 kWh | 1669 kWh | 499 kWh | £442 | £50 | £492 | £13,519 | 27.5 yrs | £-3,681 |
| 3 kW | 3252 kWh | 2504 kWh | 748 kWh | £663 | £75 | £738 | £15,554 | 21.1 yrs | £-796 |
| 4 kW | 4336 kWh | 3339 kWh | 997 kWh | £884 | £100 | £984 | £17,588 | 17.9 yrs | £2,089 |
| 5 kW | 5420 kWh | 4174 kWh | 1247 kWh | £1,105 | £125 | £1,230 | £19,623 | 16.0 yrs | £4,974 |
| 6 kW | 6504 kWh | 5008 kWh | 1496 kWh | £1,326 | £150 | £1,476 | £21,657 | 14.7 yrs | £7,858 |
| 7 kW | 7588 kWh | 5843 kWh | 1745 kWh | £1,547 | £175 | £1,722 | £23,692 | 13.8 yrs | £10,743 |
| 8 kW | 8672 kWh | 6678 kWh | 1995 kWh | £1,768 | £199 | £1,968 | £25,726 | 13.1 yrs | £13,628 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.