A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1073 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £898, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2147 kWh | 859 kWh | 1288 kWh | £230 | £129 | £359 | £4,069 | 11.3 yrs | £3,113 |
| 3 kW | 3220 kWh | 1288 kWh | 1932 kWh | £345 | £193 | £539 | £6,104 | 11.3 yrs | £4,670 |
| 4 kW | 4293 kWh | 1717 kWh | 2576 kWh | £461 | £258 | £718 | £8,138 | 11.3 yrs | £6,226 |
| 5 kW | 5367 kWh | 2147 kWh | 3220 kWh | £576 | £322 | £898 | £10,173 | 11.3 yrs | £7,783 |
| 6 kW | 6440 kWh | 2576 kWh | 3864 kWh | £691 | £386 | £1,077 | £12,207 | 11.3 yrs | £9,339 |
| 7 kW | 7514 kWh | 3005 kWh | 4508 kWh | £806 | £451 | £1,257 | £14,242 | 11.3 yrs | £10,896 |
| 8 kW | 8587 kWh | 3435 kWh | 5152 kWh | £921 | £515 | £1,436 | £16,276 | 11.3 yrs | £12,452 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,078, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2147 kWh | 1288 kWh | 859 kWh | £345 | £86 | £431 | £6,169 | 14.3 yrs | £2,457 |
| 3 kW | 3220 kWh | 1932 kWh | 1288 kWh | £518 | £129 | £647 | £8,204 | 12.7 yrs | £4,736 |
| 4 kW | 4293 kWh | 2576 kWh | 1717 kWh | £691 | £172 | £863 | £10,238 | 11.9 yrs | £7,015 |
| 5 kW | 5367 kWh | 3220 kWh | 2147 kWh | £864 | £215 | £1,078 | £12,273 | 11.4 yrs | £9,294 |
| 6 kW | 6440 kWh | 3864 kWh | 2576 kWh | £1,036 | £258 | £1,294 | £14,307 | 11.1 yrs | £11,572 |
| 7 kW | 7514 kWh | 4508 kWh | 3005 kWh | £1,209 | £301 | £1,510 | £16,342 | 10.8 yrs | £13,851 |
| 8 kW | 8587 kWh | 5152 kWh | 3435 kWh | £1,382 | £343 | £1,725 | £18,376 | 10.7 yrs | £16,130 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,169, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2147 kWh | 1503 kWh | 644 kWh | £403 | £64 | £467 | £7,569 | 16.2 yrs | £1,780 |
| 3 kW | 3220 kWh | 2254 kWh | 966 kWh | £605 | £97 | £701 | £9,604 | 13.7 yrs | £4,419 |
| 4 kW | 4293 kWh | 3005 kWh | 1288 kWh | £806 | £129 | £935 | £11,638 | 12.4 yrs | £7,059 |
| 5 kW | 5367 kWh | 3757 kWh | 1610 kWh | £1,008 | £161 | £1,169 | £13,673 | 11.7 yrs | £9,699 |
| 6 kW | 6440 kWh | 4508 kWh | 1932 kWh | £1,209 | £193 | £1,402 | £15,707 | 11.2 yrs | £12,339 |
| 7 kW | 7514 kWh | 5260 kWh | 2254 kWh | £1,411 | £225 | £1,636 | £17,742 | 10.8 yrs | £14,979 |
| 8 kW | 8587 kWh | 6011 kWh | 2576 kWh | £1,612 | £258 | £1,870 | £19,776 | 10.6 yrs | £17,618 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,196, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2147 kWh | 1567 kWh | 580 kWh | £420 | £58 | £478 | £9,319 | 19.5 yrs | £246 |
| 3 kW | 3220 kWh | 2351 kWh | 869 kWh | £630 | £87 | £717 | £11,354 | 15.8 yrs | £2,994 |
| 4 kW | 4293 kWh | 3134 kWh | 1159 kWh | £841 | £116 | £957 | £13,388 | 14.0 yrs | £5,743 |
| 5 kW | 5367 kWh | 3918 kWh | 1449 kWh | £1,051 | £145 | £1,196 | £15,423 | 12.9 yrs | £8,491 |
| 6 kW | 6440 kWh | 4701 kWh | 1739 kWh | £1,261 | £174 | £1,435 | £17,457 | 12.2 yrs | £11,239 |
| 7 kW | 7514 kWh | 5485 kWh | 2029 kWh | £1,471 | £203 | £1,674 | £19,492 | 11.6 yrs | £13,987 |
| 8 kW | 8587 kWh | 6268 kWh | 2318 kWh | £1,681 | £232 | £1,913 | £21,526 | 11.3 yrs | £16,735 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,214, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2147 kWh | 1610 kWh | 537 kWh | £432 | £54 | £485 | £11,069 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,359 |
| 3 kW | 3220 kWh | 2415 kWh | 805 kWh | £648 | £81 | £728 | £13,104 | 18.0 yrs | £1,461 |
| 4 kW | 4293 kWh | 3220 kWh | 1073 kWh | £864 | £107 | £971 | £15,138 | 15.6 yrs | £4,281 |
| 5 kW | 5367 kWh | 4025 kWh | 1342 kWh | £1,080 | £134 | £1,214 | £17,173 | 14.1 yrs | £7,102 |
| 6 kW | 6440 kWh | 4830 kWh | 1610 kWh | £1,295 | £161 | £1,456 | £19,207 | 13.2 yrs | £9,922 |
| 7 kW | 7514 kWh | 5635 kWh | 1878 kWh | £1,511 | £188 | £1,699 | £21,242 | 12.5 yrs | £12,742 |
| 8 kW | 8587 kWh | 6440 kWh | 2147 kWh | £1,727 | £215 | £1,942 | £23,276 | 12.0 yrs | £15,563 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,232, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2147 kWh | 1653 kWh | 494 kWh | £443 | £49 | £493 | £13,519 | 27.4 yrs | £-3,665 |
| 3 kW | 3220 kWh | 2479 kWh | 741 kWh | £665 | £74 | £739 | £15,554 | 21.0 yrs | £-772 |
| 4 kW | 4293 kWh | 3306 kWh | 988 kWh | £887 | £99 | £985 | £17,588 | 17.8 yrs | £2,120 |
| 5 kW | 5367 kWh | 4132 kWh | 1234 kWh | £1,108 | £123 | £1,232 | £19,623 | 15.9 yrs | £5,013 |
| 6 kW | 6440 kWh | 4959 kWh | 1481 kWh | £1,330 | £148 | £1,478 | £21,657 | 14.7 yrs | £7,905 |
| 7 kW | 7514 kWh | 5785 kWh | 1728 kWh | £1,552 | £173 | £1,724 | £23,692 | 13.7 yrs | £10,798 |
| 8 kW | 8587 kWh | 6612 kWh | 1975 kWh | £1,773 | £198 | £1,971 | £25,726 | 13.1 yrs | £13,690 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.