A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1029 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £860, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2057 kWh | 823 kWh | 1234 kWh | £221 | £123 | £344 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,814 |
| 3 kW | 3086 kWh | 1234 kWh | 1852 kWh | £331 | £185 | £516 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,221 |
| 4 kW | 4115 kWh | 1646 kWh | 2469 kWh | £441 | £247 | £688 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,628 |
| 5 kW | 5143 kWh | 2057 kWh | 3086 kWh | £552 | £309 | £860 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £7,035 |
| 6 kW | 6172 kWh | 2469 kWh | 3703 kWh | £662 | £370 | £1,032 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,441 |
| 7 kW | 7200 kWh | 2880 kWh | 4320 kWh | £772 | £432 | £1,204 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,848 |
| 8 kW | 8229 kWh | 3292 kWh | 4937 kWh | £883 | £494 | £1,377 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,255 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,033, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2057 kWh | 1234 kWh | 823 kWh | £331 | £82 | £413 | £6,169 | 14.9 yrs | £2,098 |
| 3 kW | 3086 kWh | 1852 kWh | 1234 kWh | £497 | £123 | £620 | £8,204 | 13.2 yrs | £4,197 |
| 4 kW | 4115 kWh | 2469 kWh | 1646 kWh | £662 | £165 | £827 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,296 |
| 5 kW | 5143 kWh | 3086 kWh | 2057 kWh | £828 | £206 | £1,033 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,395 |
| 6 kW | 6172 kWh | 3703 kWh | 2469 kWh | £993 | £247 | £1,240 | £14,307 | 11.5 yrs | £10,494 |
| 7 kW | 7200 kWh | 4320 kWh | 2880 kWh | £1,159 | £288 | £1,447 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,593 |
| 8 kW | 8229 kWh | 4937 kWh | 3292 kWh | £1,324 | £329 | £1,653 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,692 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,120, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2057 kWh | 1440 kWh | 617 kWh | £386 | £62 | £448 | £7,569 | 16.9 yrs | £1,390 |
| 3 kW | 3086 kWh | 2160 kWh | 926 kWh | £579 | £93 | £672 | £9,604 | 14.3 yrs | £3,835 |
| 4 kW | 4115 kWh | 2880 kWh | 1234 kWh | £772 | £123 | £896 | £11,638 | 13.0 yrs | £6,280 |
| 5 kW | 5143 kWh | 3600 kWh | 1543 kWh | £966 | £154 | £1,120 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,725 |
| 6 kW | 6172 kWh | 4320 kWh | 1852 kWh | £1,159 | £185 | £1,344 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,170 |
| 7 kW | 7200 kWh | 5040 kWh | 2160 kWh | £1,352 | £216 | £1,568 | £17,742 | 11.3 yrs | £13,615 |
| 8 kW | 8229 kWh | 5760 kWh | 2469 kWh | £1,545 | £247 | £1,792 | £19,776 | 11.0 yrs | £16,060 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,146, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2057 kWh | 1502 kWh | 555 kWh | £403 | £56 | £458 | £9,319 | 20.3 yrs | £-152 |
| 3 kW | 3086 kWh | 2253 kWh | 833 kWh | £604 | £83 | £687 | £11,354 | 16.5 yrs | £2,396 |
| 4 kW | 4115 kWh | 3004 kWh | 1111 kWh | £806 | £111 | £917 | £13,388 | 14.6 yrs | £4,945 |
| 5 kW | 5143 kWh | 3755 kWh | 1389 kWh | £1,007 | £139 | £1,146 | £15,423 | 13.5 yrs | £7,494 |
| 6 kW | 6172 kWh | 4505 kWh | 1666 kWh | £1,208 | £167 | £1,375 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £10,043 |
| 7 kW | 7200 kWh | 5256 kWh | 1944 kWh | £1,410 | £194 | £1,604 | £19,492 | 12.2 yrs | £12,592 |
| 8 kW | 8229 kWh | 6007 kWh | 2222 kWh | £1,611 | £222 | £1,833 | £21,526 | 11.7 yrs | £15,141 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,163, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2057 kWh | 1543 kWh | 514 kWh | £414 | £51 | £465 | £11,069 | 23.8 yrs | £-1,764 |
| 3 kW | 3086 kWh | 2314 kWh | 771 kWh | £621 | £77 | £698 | £13,104 | 18.8 yrs | £854 |
| 4 kW | 4115 kWh | 3086 kWh | 1029 kWh | £828 | £103 | £931 | £15,138 | 16.3 yrs | £3,472 |
| 5 kW | 5143 kWh | 3857 kWh | 1286 kWh | £1,035 | £129 | £1,163 | £17,173 | 14.8 yrs | £6,090 |
| 6 kW | 6172 kWh | 4629 kWh | 1543 kWh | £1,241 | £154 | £1,396 | £19,207 | 13.8 yrs | £8,708 |
| 7 kW | 7200 kWh | 5400 kWh | 1800 kWh | £1,448 | £180 | £1,628 | £21,242 | 13.0 yrs | £11,326 |
| 8 kW | 8229 kWh | 6172 kWh | 2057 kWh | £1,655 | £206 | £1,861 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £13,944 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,180, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2057 kWh | 1584 kWh | 473 kWh | £425 | £47 | £472 | £13,519 | 28.6 yrs | £-4,076 |
| 3 kW | 3086 kWh | 2376 kWh | 710 kWh | £637 | £71 | £708 | £15,554 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,388 |
| 4 kW | 4115 kWh | 3168 kWh | 946 kWh | £850 | £95 | £944 | £17,588 | 18.6 yrs | £1,299 |
| 5 kW | 5143 kWh | 3960 kWh | 1183 kWh | £1,062 | £118 | £1,180 | £19,623 | 16.6 yrs | £3,986 |
| 6 kW | 6172 kWh | 4752 kWh | 1420 kWh | £1,275 | £142 | £1,417 | £21,657 | 15.3 yrs | £6,673 |
| 7 kW | 7200 kWh | 5544 kWh | 1656 kWh | £1,487 | £166 | £1,653 | £23,692 | 14.3 yrs | £9,361 |
| 8 kW | 8229 kWh | 6336 kWh | 1893 kWh | £1,699 | £189 | £1,889 | £25,726 | 13.6 yrs | £12,048 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.