A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 824 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £693, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1647 kWh | 659 kWh | 988 kWh | £178 | £99 | £277 | £4,069 | 14.7 yrs | £1,474 |
| 3 kW | 2471 kWh | 988 kWh | 1483 kWh | £267 | £148 | £416 | £6,104 | 14.7 yrs | £2,212 |
| 4 kW | 3295 kWh | 1318 kWh | 1977 kWh | £357 | £198 | £554 | £8,138 | 14.7 yrs | £2,949 |
| 5 kW | 4119 kWh | 1647 kWh | 2471 kWh | £446 | £247 | £693 | £10,173 | 14.7 yrs | £3,686 |
| 6 kW | 4942 kWh | 1977 kWh | 2965 kWh | £535 | £297 | £832 | £12,207 | 14.7 yrs | £4,423 |
| 7 kW | 5766 kWh | 2306 kWh | 3460 kWh | £624 | £346 | £970 | £14,242 | 14.7 yrs | £5,160 |
| 8 kW | 6590 kWh | 2636 kWh | 3954 kWh | £713 | £395 | £1,109 | £16,276 | 14.7 yrs | £5,898 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £833, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1647 kWh | 988 kWh | 659 kWh | £267 | £66 | £333 | £6,169 | 18.5 yrs | £499 |
| 3 kW | 2471 kWh | 1483 kWh | 988 kWh | £401 | £99 | £500 | £8,204 | 16.4 yrs | £1,798 |
| 4 kW | 3295 kWh | 1977 kWh | 1318 kWh | £535 | £132 | £667 | £10,238 | 15.4 yrs | £3,097 |
| 5 kW | 4119 kWh | 2471 kWh | 1647 kWh | £669 | £165 | £833 | £12,273 | 14.7 yrs | £4,397 |
| 6 kW | 4942 kWh | 2965 kWh | 1977 kWh | £802 | £198 | £1,000 | £14,307 | 14.3 yrs | £5,696 |
| 7 kW | 5766 kWh | 3460 kWh | 2306 kWh | £936 | £231 | £1,167 | £16,342 | 14.0 yrs | £6,995 |
| 8 kW | 6590 kWh | 3954 kWh | 2636 kWh | £1,070 | £264 | £1,334 | £18,376 | 13.8 yrs | £8,295 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £904, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1647 kWh | 1153 kWh | 494 kWh | £312 | £49 | £361 | £7,569 | 20.9 yrs | £-339 |
| 3 kW | 2471 kWh | 1730 kWh | 741 kWh | £468 | £74 | £542 | £9,604 | 17.7 yrs | £1,241 |
| 4 kW | 3295 kWh | 2306 kWh | 988 kWh | £624 | £99 | £723 | £11,638 | 16.1 yrs | £2,822 |
| 5 kW | 4119 kWh | 2883 kWh | 1236 kWh | £780 | £124 | £904 | £13,673 | 15.1 yrs | £4,402 |
| 6 kW | 4942 kWh | 3460 kWh | 1483 kWh | £936 | £148 | £1,084 | £15,707 | 14.5 yrs | £5,982 |
| 7 kW | 5766 kWh | 4036 kWh | 1730 kWh | £1,092 | £173 | £1,265 | £17,742 | 14.0 yrs | £7,563 |
| 8 kW | 6590 kWh | 4613 kWh | 1977 kWh | £1,248 | £198 | £1,446 | £19,776 | 13.7 yrs | £9,143 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £925, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1647 kWh | 1203 kWh | 445 kWh | £325 | £44 | £370 | £9,319 | 25.2 yrs | £-1,921 |
| 3 kW | 2471 kWh | 1804 kWh | 667 kWh | £488 | £67 | £555 | £11,354 | 20.5 yrs | £-256 |
| 4 kW | 3295 kWh | 2405 kWh | 890 kWh | £651 | £89 | £740 | £13,388 | 18.1 yrs | £1,409 |
| 5 kW | 4119 kWh | 3007 kWh | 1112 kWh | £814 | £111 | £925 | £15,423 | 16.7 yrs | £3,074 |
| 6 kW | 4942 kWh | 3608 kWh | 1334 kWh | £976 | £133 | £1,110 | £17,457 | 15.7 yrs | £4,738 |
| 7 kW | 5766 kWh | 4209 kWh | 1557 kWh | £1,139 | £156 | £1,295 | £19,492 | 15.1 yrs | £6,403 |
| 8 kW | 6590 kWh | 4811 kWh | 1779 kWh | £1,302 | £178 | £1,480 | £21,526 | 14.5 yrs | £8,068 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £939, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1647 kWh | 1236 kWh | 412 kWh | £334 | £41 | £376 | £11,069 | 29.5 yrs | £-3,558 |
| 3 kW | 2471 kWh | 1853 kWh | 618 kWh | £502 | £62 | £563 | £13,104 | 23.3 yrs | £-1,837 |
| 4 kW | 3295 kWh | 2471 kWh | 824 kWh | £669 | £82 | £751 | £15,138 | 20.2 yrs | £-116 |
| 5 kW | 4119 kWh | 3089 kWh | 1030 kWh | £836 | £103 | £939 | £17,173 | 18.3 yrs | £1,605 |
| 6 kW | 4942 kWh | 3707 kWh | 1236 kWh | £1,003 | £124 | £1,127 | £19,207 | 17.0 yrs | £3,326 |
| 7 kW | 5766 kWh | 4325 kWh | 1442 kWh | £1,170 | £144 | £1,314 | £21,242 | 16.2 yrs | £5,046 |
| 8 kW | 6590 kWh | 4942 kWh | 1647 kWh | £1,337 | £165 | £1,502 | £23,276 | 15.5 yrs | £6,767 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £953, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1647 kWh | 1269 kWh | 379 kWh | £343 | £38 | £381 | £13,519 | 35.5 yrs | £-5,896 |
| 3 kW | 2471 kWh | 1903 kWh | 568 kWh | £515 | £57 | £572 | £15,554 | 27.2 yrs | £-4,119 |
| 4 kW | 3295 kWh | 2537 kWh | 758 kWh | £687 | £76 | £762 | £17,588 | 23.1 yrs | £-2,341 |
| 5 kW | 4119 kWh | 3171 kWh | 947 kWh | £858 | £95 | £953 | £19,623 | 20.6 yrs | £-564 |
| 6 kW | 4942 kWh | 3806 kWh | 1137 kWh | £1,030 | £114 | £1,143 | £21,657 | 18.9 yrs | £1,213 |
| 7 kW | 5766 kWh | 4440 kWh | 1326 kWh | £1,201 | £133 | £1,334 | £23,692 | 17.8 yrs | £2,990 |
| 8 kW | 6590 kWh | 5074 kWh | 1516 kWh | £1,373 | £152 | £1,525 | £25,726 | 16.9 yrs | £4,767 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.