A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 774 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £651, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1547 kWh | 619 kWh | 928 kWh | £167 | £93 | £260 | £4,069 | 15.6 yrs | £1,137 |
| 3 kW | 2321 kWh | 928 kWh | 1392 kWh | £251 | £139 | £390 | £6,104 | 15.6 yrs | £1,705 |
| 4 kW | 3094 kWh | 1238 kWh | 1856 kWh | £335 | £186 | £521 | £8,138 | 15.6 yrs | £2,273 |
| 5 kW | 3868 kWh | 1547 kWh | 2321 kWh | £419 | £232 | £651 | £10,173 | 15.6 yrs | £2,841 |
| 6 kW | 4641 kWh | 1856 kWh | 2785 kWh | £502 | £278 | £781 | £12,207 | 15.6 yrs | £3,410 |
| 7 kW | 5415 kWh | 2166 kWh | 3249 kWh | £586 | £325 | £911 | £14,242 | 15.6 yrs | £3,978 |
| 8 kW | 6188 kWh | 2475 kWh | 3713 kWh | £670 | £371 | £1,041 | £16,276 | 15.6 yrs | £4,546 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £783, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1547 kWh | 928 kWh | 619 kWh | £251 | £62 | £313 | £6,169 | 19.7 yrs | £92 |
| 3 kW | 2321 kWh | 1392 kWh | 928 kWh | £377 | £93 | £470 | £8,204 | 17.5 yrs | £1,188 |
| 4 kW | 3094 kWh | 1856 kWh | 1238 kWh | £502 | £124 | £626 | £10,238 | 16.4 yrs | £2,285 |
| 5 kW | 3868 kWh | 2321 kWh | 1547 kWh | £628 | £155 | £783 | £12,273 | 15.7 yrs | £3,381 |
| 6 kW | 4641 kWh | 2785 kWh | 1856 kWh | £754 | £186 | £939 | £14,307 | 15.2 yrs | £4,477 |
| 7 kW | 5415 kWh | 3249 kWh | 2166 kWh | £879 | £217 | £1,096 | £16,342 | 14.9 yrs | £5,573 |
| 8 kW | 6188 kWh | 3713 kWh | 2475 kWh | £1,005 | £248 | £1,252 | £18,376 | 14.7 yrs | £6,669 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £849, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1547 kWh | 1083 kWh | 464 kWh | £293 | £46 | £339 | £7,569 | 22.3 yrs | £-780 |
| 3 kW | 2321 kWh | 1624 kWh | 696 kWh | £440 | £70 | £509 | £9,604 | 18.9 yrs | £580 |
| 4 kW | 3094 kWh | 2166 kWh | 928 kWh | £586 | £93 | £679 | £11,638 | 17.1 yrs | £1,940 |
| 5 kW | 3868 kWh | 2707 kWh | 1160 kWh | £733 | £116 | £849 | £13,673 | 16.1 yrs | £3,300 |
| 6 kW | 4641 kWh | 3249 kWh | 1392 kWh | £879 | £139 | £1,018 | £15,707 | 15.4 yrs | £4,661 |
| 7 kW | 5415 kWh | 3790 kWh | 1624 kWh | £1,026 | £162 | £1,188 | £17,742 | 14.9 yrs | £6,021 |
| 8 kW | 6188 kWh | 4332 kWh | 1856 kWh | £1,172 | £186 | £1,358 | £19,776 | 14.6 yrs | £7,381 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £868, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1547 kWh | 1129 kWh | 418 kWh | £306 | £42 | £347 | £9,319 | 26.8 yrs | £-2,371 |
| 3 kW | 2321 kWh | 1694 kWh | 627 kWh | £458 | £63 | £521 | £11,354 | 21.8 yrs | £-932 |
| 4 kW | 3094 kWh | 2259 kWh | 835 kWh | £611 | £84 | £695 | £13,388 | 19.3 yrs | £507 |
| 5 kW | 3868 kWh | 2823 kWh | 1044 kWh | £764 | £104 | £868 | £15,423 | 17.8 yrs | £1,946 |
| 6 kW | 4641 kWh | 3388 kWh | 1253 kWh | £917 | £125 | £1,042 | £17,457 | 16.8 yrs | £3,386 |
| 7 kW | 5415 kWh | 3953 kWh | 1462 kWh | £1,070 | £146 | £1,216 | £19,492 | 16.0 yrs | £4,825 |
| 8 kW | 6188 kWh | 4517 kWh | 1671 kWh | £1,222 | £167 | £1,390 | £21,526 | 15.5 yrs | £6,264 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £882, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 19.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1547 kWh | 1160 kWh | 387 kWh | £314 | £39 | £353 | £11,069 | 31.4 yrs | £-4,016 |
| 3 kW | 2321 kWh | 1740 kWh | 580 kWh | £471 | £58 | £529 | £13,104 | 24.8 yrs | £-2,524 |
| 4 kW | 3094 kWh | 2321 kWh | 774 kWh | £628 | £77 | £705 | £15,138 | 21.5 yrs | £-1,032 |
| 5 kW | 3868 kWh | 2901 kWh | 967 kWh | £785 | £97 | £882 | £17,173 | 19.5 yrs | £460 |
| 6 kW | 4641 kWh | 3481 kWh | 1160 kWh | £942 | £116 | £1,058 | £19,207 | 18.2 yrs | £1,952 |
| 7 kW | 5415 kWh | 4061 kWh | 1354 kWh | £1,099 | £135 | £1,234 | £21,242 | 17.2 yrs | £3,444 |
| 8 kW | 6188 kWh | 4641 kWh | 1547 kWh | £1,256 | £155 | £1,411 | £23,276 | 16.5 yrs | £4,936 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £895, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1547 kWh | 1191 kWh | 356 kWh | £322 | £36 | £358 | £13,519 | 37.8 yrs | £-6,360 |
| 3 kW | 2321 kWh | 1787 kWh | 534 kWh | £484 | £53 | £537 | £15,554 | 29.0 yrs | £-4,815 |
| 4 kW | 3094 kWh | 2383 kWh | 712 kWh | £645 | £71 | £716 | £17,588 | 24.6 yrs | £-3,271 |
| 5 kW | 3868 kWh | 2978 kWh | 890 kWh | £806 | £89 | £895 | £19,623 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,726 |
| 6 kW | 4641 kWh | 3574 kWh | 1067 kWh | £967 | £107 | £1,074 | £21,657 | 20.2 yrs | £-181 |
| 7 kW | 5415 kWh | 4169 kWh | 1245 kWh | £1,128 | £125 | £1,253 | £23,692 | 18.9 yrs | £1,364 |
| 8 kW | 6188 kWh | 4765 kWh | 1423 kWh | £1,289 | £142 | £1,432 | £25,726 | 18.0 yrs | £2,909 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.