A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 701 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £590, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1403 kWh | 561 kWh | 842 kWh | £152 | £84 | £236 | £4,069 | 17.2 yrs | £652 |
| 3 kW | 2104 kWh | 842 kWh | 1263 kWh | £228 | £126 | £354 | £6,104 | 17.2 yrs | £978 |
| 4 kW | 2806 kWh | 1122 kWh | 1684 kWh | £304 | £168 | £472 | £8,138 | 17.2 yrs | £1,303 |
| 5 kW | 3507 kWh | 1403 kWh | 2104 kWh | £380 | £210 | £590 | £10,173 | 17.2 yrs | £1,629 |
| 6 kW | 4209 kWh | 1684 kWh | 2525 kWh | £456 | £253 | £708 | £12,207 | 17.2 yrs | £1,955 |
| 7 kW | 4910 kWh | 1964 kWh | 2946 kWh | £532 | £295 | £826 | £14,242 | 17.2 yrs | £2,281 |
| 8 kW | 5612 kWh | 2245 kWh | 3367 kWh | £607 | £337 | £944 | £16,276 | 17.2 yrs | £2,607 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £710, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1403 kWh | 842 kWh | 561 kWh | £228 | £56 | £284 | £6,169 | 21.7 yrs | £-491 |
| 3 kW | 2104 kWh | 1263 kWh | 842 kWh | £342 | £84 | £426 | £8,204 | 19.3 yrs | £314 |
| 4 kW | 2806 kWh | 1684 kWh | 1122 kWh | £456 | £112 | £568 | £10,238 | 18.0 yrs | £1,118 |
| 5 kW | 3507 kWh | 2104 kWh | 1403 kWh | £569 | £140 | £710 | £12,273 | 17.3 yrs | £1,923 |
| 6 kW | 4209 kWh | 2525 kWh | 1684 kWh | £683 | £168 | £852 | £14,307 | 16.8 yrs | £2,727 |
| 7 kW | 4910 kWh | 2946 kWh | 1964 kWh | £797 | £196 | £994 | £16,342 | 16.4 yrs | £3,532 |
| 8 kW | 5612 kWh | 3367 kWh | 2245 kWh | £911 | £224 | £1,136 | £18,376 | 16.2 yrs | £4,336 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £770, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 17.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1403 kWh | 982 kWh | 421 kWh | £266 | £42 | £308 | £7,569 | 24.6 yrs | £-1,412 |
| 3 kW | 2104 kWh | 1473 kWh | 631 kWh | £399 | £63 | £462 | £9,604 | 20.8 yrs | £-368 |
| 4 kW | 2806 kWh | 1964 kWh | 842 kWh | £532 | £84 | £616 | £11,638 | 18.9 yrs | £676 |
| 5 kW | 3507 kWh | 2455 kWh | 1052 kWh | £664 | £105 | £770 | £13,673 | 17.8 yrs | £1,720 |
| 6 kW | 4209 kWh | 2946 kWh | 1263 kWh | £797 | £126 | £924 | £15,707 | 17.0 yrs | £2,763 |
| 7 kW | 4910 kWh | 3437 kWh | 1473 kWh | £930 | £147 | £1,077 | £17,742 | 16.5 yrs | £3,807 |
| 8 kW | 5612 kWh | 3928 kWh | 1684 kWh | £1,063 | £168 | £1,231 | £19,776 | 16.1 yrs | £4,851 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £788, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 19.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1403 kWh | 1024 kWh | 379 kWh | £277 | £38 | £315 | £9,319 | 29.6 yrs | £-3,019 |
| 3 kW | 2104 kWh | 1536 kWh | 568 kWh | £416 | £57 | £473 | £11,354 | 24.0 yrs | £-1,903 |
| 4 kW | 2806 kWh | 2048 kWh | 758 kWh | £554 | £76 | £630 | £13,388 | 21.2 yrs | £-787 |
| 5 kW | 3507 kWh | 2560 kWh | 947 kWh | £693 | £95 | £788 | £15,423 | 19.6 yrs | £329 |
| 6 kW | 4209 kWh | 3073 kWh | 1136 kWh | £831 | £114 | £945 | £17,457 | 18.5 yrs | £1,444 |
| 7 kW | 4910 kWh | 3585 kWh | 1326 kWh | £970 | £133 | £1,103 | £19,492 | 17.7 yrs | £2,560 |
| 8 kW | 5612 kWh | 4097 kWh | 1515 kWh | £1,109 | £152 | £1,260 | £21,526 | 17.1 yrs | £3,676 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £800, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 21.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1403 kWh | 1052 kWh | 351 kWh | £285 | £35 | £320 | £11,069 | 34.6 yrs | £-4,673 |
| 3 kW | 2104 kWh | 1578 kWh | 526 kWh | £427 | £53 | £480 | £13,104 | 27.3 yrs | £-3,509 |
| 4 kW | 2806 kWh | 2104 kWh | 701 kWh | £569 | £70 | £640 | £15,138 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,346 |
| 5 kW | 3507 kWh | 2631 kWh | 877 kWh | £712 | £88 | £800 | £17,173 | 21.5 yrs | £-1,182 |
| 6 kW | 4209 kWh | 3157 kWh | 1052 kWh | £854 | £105 | £959 | £19,207 | 20.0 yrs | £-19 |
| 7 kW | 4910 kWh | 3683 kWh | 1228 kWh | £997 | £123 | £1,119 | £21,242 | 19.0 yrs | £1,145 |
| 8 kW | 5612 kWh | 4209 kWh | 1403 kWh | £1,139 | £140 | £1,279 | £23,276 | 18.2 yrs | £2,309 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £811, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 24.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1403 kWh | 1080 kWh | 323 kWh | £292 | £32 | £325 | £13,519 | 41.6 yrs | £-7,027 |
| 3 kW | 2104 kWh | 1620 kWh | 484 kWh | £438 | £48 | £487 | £15,554 | 31.9 yrs | £-5,816 |
| 4 kW | 2806 kWh | 2161 kWh | 645 kWh | £585 | £65 | £649 | £17,588 | 27.1 yrs | £-4,604 |
| 5 kW | 3507 kWh | 2701 kWh | 807 kWh | £731 | £81 | £811 | £19,623 | 24.2 yrs | £-3,393 |
| 6 kW | 4209 kWh | 3241 kWh | 968 kWh | £877 | £97 | £974 | £21,657 | 22.2 yrs | £-2,181 |
| 7 kW | 4910 kWh | 3781 kWh | 1129 kWh | £1,023 | £113 | £1,136 | £23,692 | 20.9 yrs | £-970 |
| 8 kW | 5612 kWh | 4321 kWh | 1291 kWh | £1,169 | £129 | £1,298 | £25,726 | 19.8 yrs | £242 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.