A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1009 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £818, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2018 kWh | 807 kWh | 1211 kWh | £206 | £121 | £327 | £4,069 | 12.4 yrs | £2,476 |
| 3 kW | 3026 kWh | 1211 kWh | 1816 kWh | £309 | £182 | £491 | £6,104 | 12.4 yrs | £3,714 |
| 4 kW | 4035 kWh | 1614 kWh | 2421 kWh | £412 | £242 | £654 | £8,138 | 12.4 yrs | £4,952 |
| 5 kW | 5044 kWh | 2018 kWh | 3026 kWh | £515 | £303 | £818 | £10,173 | 12.4 yrs | £6,190 |
| 6 kW | 6053 kWh | 2421 kWh | 3632 kWh | £619 | £363 | £982 | £12,207 | 12.4 yrs | £7,427 |
| 7 kW | 7061 kWh | 2825 kWh | 4237 kWh | £722 | £424 | £1,145 | £14,242 | 12.4 yrs | £8,665 |
| 8 kW | 8070 kWh | 3228 kWh | 4842 kWh | £825 | £484 | £1,309 | £16,276 | 12.4 yrs | £9,903 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £975, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2018 kWh | 1211 kWh | 807 kWh | £309 | £81 | £390 | £6,169 | 15.8 yrs | £1,631 |
| 3 kW | 3026 kWh | 1816 kWh | 1211 kWh | £464 | £121 | £585 | £8,204 | 14.0 yrs | £3,496 |
| 4 kW | 4035 kWh | 2421 kWh | 1614 kWh | £619 | £161 | £780 | £10,238 | 13.1 yrs | £5,361 |
| 5 kW | 5044 kWh | 3026 kWh | 2018 kWh | £773 | £202 | £975 | £12,273 | 12.6 yrs | £7,227 |
| 6 kW | 6053 kWh | 3632 kWh | 2421 kWh | £928 | £242 | £1,170 | £14,307 | 12.2 yrs | £9,092 |
| 7 kW | 7061 kWh | 4237 kWh | 2825 kWh | £1,083 | £282 | £1,365 | £16,342 | 12.0 yrs | £10,957 |
| 8 kW | 8070 kWh | 4842 kWh | 3228 kWh | £1,237 | £323 | £1,560 | £18,376 | 11.8 yrs | £12,823 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,053, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2018 kWh | 1412 kWh | 605 kWh | £361 | £61 | £421 | £7,569 | 18.0 yrs | £858 |
| 3 kW | 3026 kWh | 2118 kWh | 908 kWh | £541 | £91 | £632 | £9,604 | 15.2 yrs | £3,037 |
| 4 kW | 4035 kWh | 2825 kWh | 1211 kWh | £722 | £121 | £843 | £11,638 | 13.8 yrs | £5,216 |
| 5 kW | 5044 kWh | 3531 kWh | 1513 kWh | £902 | £151 | £1,053 | £13,673 | 13.0 yrs | £7,395 |
| 6 kW | 6053 kWh | 4237 kWh | 1816 kWh | £1,083 | £182 | £1,264 | £15,707 | 12.4 yrs | £9,574 |
| 7 kW | 7061 kWh | 4943 kWh | 2118 kWh | £1,263 | £212 | £1,475 | £17,742 | 12.0 yrs | £11,754 |
| 8 kW | 8070 kWh | 5649 kWh | 2421 kWh | £1,443 | £242 | £1,685 | £19,776 | 11.7 yrs | £13,933 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,077, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2018 kWh | 1473 kWh | 545 kWh | £376 | £54 | £431 | £9,319 | 21.6 yrs | £-704 |
| 3 kW | 3026 kWh | 2209 kWh | 817 kWh | £564 | £82 | £646 | £11,354 | 17.6 yrs | £1,570 |
| 4 kW | 4035 kWh | 2946 kWh | 1089 kWh | £753 | £109 | £862 | £13,388 | 15.5 yrs | £3,843 |
| 5 kW | 5044 kWh | 3682 kWh | 1362 kWh | £941 | £136 | £1,077 | £15,423 | 14.3 yrs | £6,116 |
| 6 kW | 6053 kWh | 4418 kWh | 1634 kWh | £1,129 | £163 | £1,292 | £17,457 | 13.5 yrs | £8,389 |
| 7 kW | 7061 kWh | 5155 kWh | 1907 kWh | £1,317 | £191 | £1,508 | £19,492 | 12.9 yrs | £10,662 |
| 8 kW | 8070 kWh | 5891 kWh | 2179 kWh | £1,505 | £218 | £1,723 | £21,526 | 12.5 yrs | £12,936 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,093, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2018 kWh | 1513 kWh | 504 kWh | £387 | £50 | £437 | £11,069 | 25.3 yrs | £-2,328 |
| 3 kW | 3026 kWh | 2270 kWh | 757 kWh | £580 | £76 | £656 | £13,104 | 20.0 yrs | £8 |
| 4 kW | 4035 kWh | 3026 kWh | 1009 kWh | £773 | £101 | £874 | £15,138 | 17.3 yrs | £2,344 |
| 5 kW | 5044 kWh | 3783 kWh | 1261 kWh | £967 | £126 | £1,093 | £17,173 | 15.7 yrs | £4,680 |
| 6 kW | 6053 kWh | 4539 kWh | 1513 kWh | £1,160 | £151 | £1,311 | £19,207 | 14.6 yrs | £7,016 |
| 7 kW | 7061 kWh | 5296 kWh | 1765 kWh | £1,353 | £177 | £1,530 | £21,242 | 13.9 yrs | £9,352 |
| 8 kW | 8070 kWh | 6053 kWh | 2018 kWh | £1,546 | £202 | £1,748 | £23,276 | 13.3 yrs | £11,688 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,108, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2018 kWh | 1553 kWh | 464 kWh | £397 | £46 | £443 | £13,519 | 30.5 yrs | £-4,653 |
| 3 kW | 3026 kWh | 2330 kWh | 696 kWh | £595 | £70 | £665 | £15,554 | 23.4 yrs | £-2,254 |
| 4 kW | 4035 kWh | 3107 kWh | 928 kWh | £794 | £93 | £887 | £17,588 | 19.8 yrs | £145 |
| 5 kW | 5044 kWh | 3884 kWh | 1160 kWh | £992 | £116 | £1,108 | £19,623 | 17.7 yrs | £2,543 |
| 6 kW | 6053 kWh | 4660 kWh | 1392 kWh | £1,191 | £139 | £1,330 | £21,657 | 16.3 yrs | £4,942 |
| 7 kW | 7061 kWh | 5437 kWh | 1624 kWh | £1,389 | £162 | £1,552 | £23,692 | 15.3 yrs | £7,341 |
| 8 kW | 8070 kWh | 6214 kWh | 1856 kWh | £1,588 | £186 | £1,773 | £25,726 | 14.5 yrs | £9,740 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.