A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1016 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £824, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2031 kWh | 812 kWh | 1219 kWh | £208 | £122 | £329 | £4,069 | 12.4 yrs | £2,520 |
| 3 kW | 3047 kWh | 1219 kWh | 1828 kWh | £311 | £183 | £494 | £6,104 | 12.4 yrs | £3,780 |
| 4 kW | 4062 kWh | 1625 kWh | 2437 kWh | £415 | £244 | £659 | £8,138 | 12.4 yrs | £5,041 |
| 5 kW | 5078 kWh | 2031 kWh | 3047 kWh | £519 | £305 | £824 | £10,173 | 12.4 yrs | £6,301 |
| 6 kW | 6094 kWh | 2437 kWh | 3656 kWh | £623 | £366 | £988 | £12,207 | 12.4 yrs | £7,561 |
| 7 kW | 7109 kWh | 2844 kWh | 4266 kWh | £727 | £427 | £1,153 | £14,242 | 12.4 yrs | £8,821 |
| 8 kW | 8125 kWh | 3250 kWh | 4875 kWh | £830 | £487 | £1,318 | £16,276 | 12.4 yrs | £10,081 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £982, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2031 kWh | 1219 kWh | 812 kWh | £311 | £81 | £393 | £6,169 | 15.7 yrs | £1,684 |
| 3 kW | 3047 kWh | 1828 kWh | 1219 kWh | £467 | £122 | £589 | £8,204 | 13.9 yrs | £3,576 |
| 4 kW | 4062 kWh | 2437 kWh | 1625 kWh | £623 | £162 | £785 | £10,238 | 13.0 yrs | £5,467 |
| 5 kW | 5078 kWh | 3047 kWh | 2031 kWh | £778 | £203 | £982 | £12,273 | 12.5 yrs | £7,359 |
| 6 kW | 6094 kWh | 3656 kWh | 2437 kWh | £934 | £244 | £1,178 | £14,307 | 12.1 yrs | £9,251 |
| 7 kW | 7109 kWh | 4266 kWh | 2844 kWh | £1,090 | £284 | £1,374 | £16,342 | 11.9 yrs | £11,143 |
| 8 kW | 8125 kWh | 4875 kWh | 3250 kWh | £1,246 | £325 | £1,571 | £18,376 | 11.7 yrs | £13,035 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,061, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2031 kWh | 1422 kWh | 609 kWh | £363 | £61 | £424 | £7,569 | 17.8 yrs | £915 |
| 3 kW | 3047 kWh | 2133 kWh | 914 kWh | £545 | £91 | £636 | £9,604 | 15.1 yrs | £3,123 |
| 4 kW | 4062 kWh | 2844 kWh | 1219 kWh | £727 | £122 | £848 | £11,638 | 13.7 yrs | £5,331 |
| 5 kW | 5078 kWh | 3555 kWh | 1523 kWh | £908 | £152 | £1,061 | £13,673 | 12.9 yrs | £7,538 |
| 6 kW | 6094 kWh | 4266 kWh | 1828 kWh | £1,090 | £183 | £1,273 | £15,707 | 12.3 yrs | £9,746 |
| 7 kW | 7109 kWh | 4976 kWh | 2133 kWh | £1,271 | £213 | £1,485 | £17,742 | 11.9 yrs | £11,954 |
| 8 kW | 8125 kWh | 5687 kWh | 2437 kWh | £1,453 | £244 | £1,697 | £19,776 | 11.7 yrs | £14,162 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,084, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2031 kWh | 1483 kWh | 548 kWh | £379 | £55 | £434 | £9,319 | 21.5 yrs | £-645 |
| 3 kW | 3047 kWh | 2224 kWh | 823 kWh | £568 | £82 | £651 | £11,354 | 17.5 yrs | £1,657 |
| 4 kW | 4062 kWh | 2966 kWh | 1097 kWh | £758 | £110 | £867 | £13,388 | 15.4 yrs | £3,960 |
| 5 kW | 5078 kWh | 3707 kWh | 1371 kWh | £947 | £137 | £1,084 | £15,423 | 14.2 yrs | £6,262 |
| 6 kW | 6094 kWh | 4448 kWh | 1645 kWh | £1,137 | £165 | £1,301 | £17,457 | 13.4 yrs | £8,565 |
| 7 kW | 7109 kWh | 5190 kWh | 1920 kWh | £1,326 | £192 | £1,518 | £19,492 | 12.8 yrs | £10,867 |
| 8 kW | 8125 kWh | 5931 kWh | 2194 kWh | £1,515 | £219 | £1,735 | £21,526 | 12.4 yrs | £13,170 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,100, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2031 kWh | 1523 kWh | 508 kWh | £389 | £51 | £440 | £11,069 | 25.2 yrs | £-2,269 |
| 3 kW | 3047 kWh | 2285 kWh | 762 kWh | £584 | £76 | £660 | £13,104 | 19.9 yrs | £97 |
| 4 kW | 4062 kWh | 3047 kWh | 1016 kWh | £778 | £102 | £880 | £15,138 | 17.2 yrs | £2,462 |
| 5 kW | 5078 kWh | 3809 kWh | 1270 kWh | £973 | £127 | £1,100 | £17,173 | 15.6 yrs | £4,828 |
| 6 kW | 6094 kWh | 4570 kWh | 1523 kWh | £1,168 | £152 | £1,320 | £19,207 | 14.6 yrs | £7,194 |
| 7 kW | 7109 kWh | 5332 kWh | 1777 kWh | £1,362 | £178 | £1,540 | £21,242 | 13.8 yrs | £9,559 |
| 8 kW | 8125 kWh | 6094 kWh | 2031 kWh | £1,557 | £203 | £1,760 | £23,276 | 13.2 yrs | £11,925 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,116, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2031 kWh | 1564 kWh | 467 kWh | £400 | £47 | £446 | £13,519 | 30.3 yrs | £-4,592 |
| 3 kW | 3047 kWh | 2346 kWh | 701 kWh | £599 | £70 | £669 | £15,554 | 23.2 yrs | £-2,164 |
| 4 kW | 4062 kWh | 3128 kWh | 934 kWh | £799 | £93 | £893 | £17,588 | 19.7 yrs | £265 |
| 5 kW | 5078 kWh | 3910 kWh | 1168 kWh | £999 | £117 | £1,116 | £19,623 | 17.6 yrs | £2,694 |
| 6 kW | 6094 kWh | 4692 kWh | 1402 kWh | £1,199 | £140 | £1,339 | £21,657 | 16.2 yrs | £5,123 |
| 7 kW | 7109 kWh | 5474 kWh | 1635 kWh | £1,399 | £164 | £1,562 | £23,692 | 15.2 yrs | £7,552 |
| 8 kW | 8125 kWh | 6256 kWh | 1869 kWh | £1,598 | £187 | £1,785 | £25,726 | 14.4 yrs | £9,980 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.