A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1019 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £826, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2038 kWh | 815 kWh | 1223 kWh | £208 | £122 | £331 | £4,069 | 12.3 yrs | £2,543 |
| 3 kW | 3057 kWh | 1223 kWh | 1834 kWh | £312 | £183 | £496 | £6,104 | 12.3 yrs | £3,814 |
| 4 kW | 4076 kWh | 1631 kWh | 2446 kWh | £417 | £245 | £661 | £8,138 | 12.3 yrs | £5,086 |
| 5 kW | 5096 kWh | 2038 kWh | 3057 kWh | £521 | £306 | £826 | £10,173 | 12.3 yrs | £6,357 |
| 6 kW | 6115 kWh | 2446 kWh | 3669 kWh | £625 | £367 | £992 | £12,207 | 12.3 yrs | £7,629 |
| 7 kW | 7134 kWh | 2854 kWh | 4280 kWh | £729 | £428 | £1,157 | £14,242 | 12.3 yrs | £8,900 |
| 8 kW | 8153 kWh | 3261 kWh | 4892 kWh | £833 | £489 | £1,322 | £16,276 | 12.3 yrs | £10,172 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £985, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2038 kWh | 1223 kWh | 815 kWh | £312 | £82 | £394 | £6,169 | 15.7 yrs | £1,711 |
| 3 kW | 3057 kWh | 1834 kWh | 1223 kWh | £469 | £122 | £591 | £8,204 | 13.9 yrs | £3,616 |
| 4 kW | 4076 kWh | 2446 kWh | 1631 kWh | £625 | £163 | £788 | £10,238 | 13.0 yrs | £5,521 |
| 5 kW | 5096 kWh | 3057 kWh | 2038 kWh | £781 | £204 | £985 | £12,273 | 12.5 yrs | £7,427 |
| 6 kW | 6115 kWh | 3669 kWh | 2446 kWh | £937 | £245 | £1,182 | £14,307 | 12.1 yrs | £9,332 |
| 7 kW | 7134 kWh | 4280 kWh | 2854 kWh | £1,094 | £285 | £1,379 | £16,342 | 11.9 yrs | £11,238 |
| 8 kW | 8153 kWh | 4892 kWh | 3261 kWh | £1,250 | £326 | £1,576 | £18,376 | 11.7 yrs | £13,143 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,064, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2038 kWh | 1427 kWh | 611 kWh | £365 | £61 | £426 | £7,569 | 17.8 yrs | £945 |
| 3 kW | 3057 kWh | 2140 kWh | 917 kWh | £547 | £92 | £639 | £9,604 | 15.0 yrs | £3,167 |
| 4 kW | 4076 kWh | 2854 kWh | 1223 kWh | £729 | £122 | £851 | £11,638 | 13.7 yrs | £5,389 |
| 5 kW | 5096 kWh | 3567 kWh | 1529 kWh | £911 | £153 | £1,064 | £13,673 | 12.8 yrs | £7,612 |
| 6 kW | 6115 kWh | 4280 kWh | 1834 kWh | £1,094 | £183 | £1,277 | £15,707 | 12.3 yrs | £9,834 |
| 7 kW | 7134 kWh | 4994 kWh | 2140 kWh | £1,276 | £214 | £1,490 | £17,742 | 11.9 yrs | £12,056 |
| 8 kW | 8153 kWh | 5707 kWh | 2446 kWh | £1,458 | £245 | £1,703 | £19,776 | 11.6 yrs | £14,278 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,088, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2038 kWh | 1488 kWh | 550 kWh | £380 | £55 | £435 | £9,319 | 21.4 yrs | £-615 |
| 3 kW | 3057 kWh | 2232 kWh | 825 kWh | £570 | £83 | £653 | £11,354 | 17.4 yrs | £1,702 |
| 4 kW | 4076 kWh | 2976 kWh | 1101 kWh | £760 | £110 | £870 | £13,388 | 15.4 yrs | £4,020 |
| 5 kW | 5096 kWh | 3720 kWh | 1376 kWh | £950 | £138 | £1,088 | £15,423 | 14.2 yrs | £6,337 |
| 6 kW | 6115 kWh | 4464 kWh | 1651 kWh | £1,140 | £165 | £1,306 | £17,457 | 13.4 yrs | £8,654 |
| 7 kW | 7134 kWh | 5208 kWh | 1926 kWh | £1,331 | £193 | £1,523 | £19,492 | 12.8 yrs | £10,972 |
| 8 kW | 8153 kWh | 5952 kWh | 2201 kWh | £1,521 | £220 | £1,741 | £21,526 | 12.4 yrs | £13,289 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,104, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2038 kWh | 1529 kWh | 510 kWh | £391 | £51 | £442 | £11,069 | 25.1 yrs | £-2,238 |
| 3 kW | 3057 kWh | 2293 kWh | 764 kWh | £586 | £76 | £662 | £13,104 | 19.8 yrs | £142 |
| 4 kW | 4076 kWh | 3057 kWh | 1019 kWh | £781 | £102 | £883 | £15,138 | 17.1 yrs | £2,523 |
| 5 kW | 5096 kWh | 3822 kWh | 1274 kWh | £976 | £127 | £1,104 | £17,173 | 15.6 yrs | £4,904 |
| 6 kW | 6115 kWh | 4586 kWh | 1529 kWh | £1,172 | £153 | £1,325 | £19,207 | 14.5 yrs | £7,285 |
| 7 kW | 7134 kWh | 5350 kWh | 1783 kWh | £1,367 | £178 | £1,545 | £21,242 | 13.7 yrs | £9,665 |
| 8 kW | 8153 kWh | 6115 kWh | 2038 kWh | £1,562 | £204 | £1,766 | £23,276 | 13.2 yrs | £12,046 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,120, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2038 kWh | 1569 kWh | 469 kWh | £401 | £47 | £448 | £13,519 | 30.2 yrs | £-4,562 |
| 3 kW | 3057 kWh | 2354 kWh | 703 kWh | £601 | £70 | £672 | £15,554 | 23.2 yrs | £-2,117 |
| 4 kW | 4076 kWh | 3139 kWh | 938 kWh | £802 | £94 | £896 | £17,588 | 19.6 yrs | £327 |
| 5 kW | 5096 kWh | 3924 kWh | 1172 kWh | £1,002 | £117 | £1,120 | £19,623 | 17.5 yrs | £2,771 |
| 6 kW | 6115 kWh | 4708 kWh | 1406 kWh | £1,203 | £141 | £1,344 | £21,657 | 16.1 yrs | £5,215 |
| 7 kW | 7134 kWh | 5493 kWh | 1641 kWh | £1,403 | £164 | £1,568 | £23,692 | 15.1 yrs | £7,659 |
| 8 kW | 8153 kWh | 6278 kWh | 1875 kWh | £1,604 | £188 | £1,791 | £25,726 | 14.4 yrs | £10,103 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.